[ strategies to deal with stress in mothers of children with type I diabetes]

Introduction: Child getting diabetes is associated with creating and increasing concern among family members and "mother" to experiencing higher stress. The purpose of this study is to compare the strategies to deal with stress in mothers of children with type I diabetes with mothers of healthy children

Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on two groups of mothers of children with type I diabetes and mothers with healthy children admitted to hospital in Arak University of Medical Sciences were selected and sampling method was convenience. Data collected trey Perceived Stress Scale, the way to deal with stress and maternal demographic questionnaire that its validity and reliability has been measured by using SPSS v.18, Chi-square and T-test was used for data analyzing

Results: means of problem-focused coping and emotion in mothers of children with diabetes, respectively 33.80 +/- 4.4 and 92.52 +/- 5.6 and the mothers of healthy children 110.73 +/- 11.6 and 53.40 +/- 6.6, respectively. Statistically significant difference between style and emotion-oriented coping a problem there [p<0.0001]. Average scores on perceived stress in mothers of children with diabetes, 42.13 +/- 2.9 and the mothers of healthy children 27.96 +/- 3.7, which was statistically significant difference between groups with perceived stress, there [p<0.0001]

Discussion: mothers in stressful situations when they feel powerful and good enough to be able to make a sick child to the support of and enable the healing process for him. Only increased in this patient is not enough to increase the patient's and family's ability to cope effectively with stress resulting from diabetes is importance

[Effect of peer support groups on promotion of physical health status in multiple sclerosis: testing reed's self-transcendence theory]

Introduction: The Theory of Self-Transcendence proposes that individuals who face human vulnerability or mortality obtain an increased capacity for self- transcendence and its positive influence on well-being. The aim of current study was to determine the effect of Peer Support Groups on promotion of Physical Health Status in Multiple Sclerosis by Testing Reed's Self-Transcendence Theory

Methods and Materials: This study is a before and after quasi-experimental method based on self-transcendence theory that was conducted on 33 patients with confirmed MS participated in 3 peer support groups. Eight weekly 2 hours sessions were held. Data collection tools was Physical aspect of 'Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Inventory' with 78 item and Cronbach's coefficient was 0.93, 'Self-Transcendence Scale' [STS] with 15 item and Cronbach's coefficient was 0.68 that after modifying, it increased to 0.81. Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire [IPQ-R] with 75 items and Cronbach's coefficient was 0.80. Patients completed tools pre- and post of sessions. Data analyzed by SPSS [v.18]

Findings: Illness perception can predict self-transcendence and physical health with 0.7207 effects. Also, self-transcendence can predict physical health with 0.43 effects. New finding was a direct relation between illness perception and physical health [p=0.001] that was not mentioned in Reed's Theory

Conclusions: Based on the results, this theory can be used in research and educational management in nursing and nursing management to improve the physical health of MS patients

[Study of the effects of group counseling on quality of sexual life of patients with breast cancer under chemotherapy at Imam Khomeini Hospital]

Regarding the importance of quality of sexual life in patients with cancer especially breast cancer, and because of controversy on the impact of counseling on QOL promotion in such patients, this study was performed at cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini hospital Tehran, in 2004, to determine the effects of group counseling on QOSL of patients with breast cancer treated with chemotherapy. In this randomized clinical trial, 114 women 25-55 years old undergoing chemotherapy due to breast cancer and with the history of mastectomy were studied in two groups: control group [Standard care n=63] and case group [standard care+ counseling n= 51]. Five sessions of counseling were performed for case group and QOSL of patients were measured at start and end of the study by standard questionnaire [QLQ-Br 23]. Results revealed that group counseling promoted these items: body image, sexual function and sexual enjoyment. QOSL of such patients were improved by means of group counseling [p<0.001]. Regarding the results of the study, group counseling program can be recommended as an effective approach in QOSL promotion in such clients