Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem, ciporofloxacin and ceftazidime using E test

Resistance patterns among nosocomial bacterial pathogens in hospitals may vary widely from country to country at any given point and within the same country over time. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important bacterium causes hospital acquired infections. Therefore, surveillance of antibiotic resistance of A. baumannii is necessary, especially in our country which there is no have much data in this field. In a prospective study, strain comprised of a total of 191 recent clinical isolates selected consecutively from clinical infections of separate patients from three University hospitals in Tehran. Minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of these organisms for imipenem, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime was determined using E test method according to CLSI guideline. Also, MIC50 and MIC90 percent was calculated for each of these antibiotics. The percentages of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates susceptible to ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime by E test were 55.5% and 44.5%, respectively. The percentage of bacterium susceptible to imipenem by E test was 72.8%. MIC50 and MIC90 of imipenem in E test were 1.5 and > 32, respectively. High antimicrobial resistance against A. baumannii species has been seen in Iran; therefore, it is necessary to implement some approaches for prevention of bacterial spread

Preoperative carotid artery valuation in 1045 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

To evaluate the prevalence of significant carotid artery stenosis and its determining factors in candidates of coronary artery bypass graft [CABG] surgery. 1045 consecutive CABG candidates underwent carotid artery Doppler examination in a cross sectional study. The relation of age, gender, history of smoking and diabetes, as well as lipid profile to significant carotid stenosis was evaluated. In study subjects, mean age of 60.57 +/- 9.3 years, the prevalence of significant carotid stenosis [>60%] was 6.9%. In subjects older than 65 years the significant stenosis tolled to 12.5%. Over 50 years of age, female gender, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes were independent determining factors for significant carotid stenosis. Significant carotid stenosis has significantly higher prevalence among patients over 50 years of age. Cost benefit studies are recommended to revise the current evaluation protocols