Identification and purification of a local isolate of infectious laryngotracheitis virus

Local infectious laryngotracheitis [ILT] virus strain was isolated on ECE for ten passages. The isolated virus produced characteristics pock lesions on chorio-allantoic membranes of the embryonated eggs, which increased in size and number when the number of passage increases. Moreover, the isolated virus was further propagated on CER and Vero cells where the virus gave high titers only when propagated on Vero cells. The virus was purified by sucrose gradient ultra centrifugation where a white band was collected at the end of the centrifugation cycle. The isolated ILT virus was identified by means of Electron Microscopy, Dot-ELISA and serum neutralization

Preparation of cell-culture inactivated infectious laryngotracheitis virus vaccine adjuvanted with nigella sativa oil

Isolated and identified infectious laryngotracheitis virus was inactivated by [BEI] and tested for its sterility, safety and potency then the inactivated ILT virus was mixed by addition of oil adjuvant, which consists of Nigella sativa and paraffin oil [PANISA oil] in the ratio of 1: 1. Two vaccines were made, the first where the aqueous phase to the oil phase was 1: 4 while the second vaccine where the ratio was 1: 2. Quality control tests were made such as drop test, safety and sterility test. The emulsion was oil in water, safe and free from bacterial, fungal and Mycoplasma contamination. Three experiments were made; the first where the vaccines were giving to chicken and the antibody pattern during 16 weeks were demonstrated using ELISA. The second experiment where comparison between the inactivated vaccines and the live attenuated vaccine was done. The third experiment included three successive challenges with four weeks intervals. Vaccines prepared adjuvanted with Nigella sativa oil produced higher humeral response than live attenuated vaccine

Acaricidal efficacy of Myrrh [commiphora molmol] on the fowl tick argas persicus [acari: argasidae]

Five concentrations of purified extract of Myrrh from Commiphora molmol tree were prepared to study its effects on the fowl tick Argas persicus under laboratory conditions. The results revealed that Myrrh had dependant dose toxic effect on the adult female of A. persicus. Toxicity increased gradually daily post treatment. The LC 50 was 1.28%, 0.88%, 0.84%, 0.50% and 0.42% at 1st 2nd 3rd 6th and 12th days respectively. At 12th day, the recorded mortality rates were 63, 67, 76, 87 and 94% for concentrations. 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10%, respectively against 5% in control. Histopathological and Transmission election microscope [TEM] examinations showed the lysing of epithelial gut cells in treated groups. The lysed epithelial gut cells showed irregularly distributed nucleus, commonly at low concentrations and rarely in high concentrations of Myrrh. The lysed epithelial gut cells, without nucleus or with aggregated one beside the basal lamina. were common at high concentrations and rare in low concentrations of Myrrh. Consequently, Myrrh can rapidly penetrate the cuticle to body cavity, destroy the epithelial gut cells and finally cause the death of ticks

Laboratory investigations on the use of an inactivated IBDV-oil emulsion vaccine in commercial layer chicks. I-protectiveness of partial doses in maternally immune chicks

Three simultaneous experiments were carried out to investigate the efficacy of partial doses [1/5 and 2/5 field doses] of an oil emulsion vaccine [OEV], given either alone or in combination with live vaccine at 1 and 7 days, in protecting experimental chicks against very virulent infectious bursal disease virus [vvlBDV]. Variable protection results were obtained and attributed not only to vaccination scheme but also to the high levels of maternal antibodies but OEV seems to play a role in their depletion rate as measured by Elisa. Work is in progress to investigate the efficacy of full dose of OEV on the immune response and depletion rate of maternal antibodies

Effect of treated waste water on performance and hymoral immune response of broilers

The treated waste water [Tww] from Helwan sewage treatment plant was used with and without dilution by tap water as only source of drinking of broiler chickens. The effect of Tww on sanitary condition as well as on immune response to vaccination against NDV and IBDV was recorded. It was found that the non diluted Tww contains heavy metals which are precipitated in muscles, organs and bones of chickens. The precipitaiton gradually decreased by dilution of Tww. The Tww had an immunosuppressive effect correlated with the rate of Tww dilution

Studies on some parameters of immune response of chickens vaccinated against ILT by different routes

The immune response against ILT vaccination using different routes [intraocular, spray, dipping and drinking water] was evaluated. The criteria of evaluation depended on quantitative agar gel precipitation test [QAGPT], counter immunoelectrophoresis [QCIE], lymphocyte transformation [LT] test and protection against challenge of vaccinated and control groups. The results indicated no significant difference between different vaccinated groups either by QAGPT or QCIE, while revealed significant difference between different vaccinated groups on the following descending order: Intraocular, spray, drinking water and dipping route. Results of challenge revealed maximum protection [90%] in ocular instillation and spray procedures [in spite of adverse post-vaccination reaction was recorded in spray vaccination] followed by drinking water route [80%], while dipping and non-vaccinated groups gave 40% and 20%, respectively