Effects of postural balance training on stability in swimmers / Efeitos do treinamento de equilíbrio postural sobre a estabilidade dos nadadores / Efectos del entrenamiento del equilibrio postural en la estabilidad de los nadadores

ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent research shows that swimmers with greater stability and better balance reflect better water performance and adjustment ability. Objective: Explore the influence of balance training on the fitness of swimmers. Methods: The volunteers selected in this paper were swimmers aged 18 to 22 years old in a sports school. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups for an experiment lasting 8 weeks. Both groups of athletes performed training during this period. Postural balance training was added to the athletes in the experimental group instead of traditional training methods, while the control athletes followed the routine professional training plan taught by the sports school. Results: The OSI score of the athletes in the experimental group decreased from 1.79±0.41 to 0.89±0.26; the API score decreased from 1.31±0.22 to 0.64±0.17; and the MLI score decreased from 1.42±0.32 to 0.54±0.30. Conclusion: Postural balance training was shown to increase the stability of swimmers, contributing favorably to sports fitness. Postural balance training can be added to the swimming training process. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Recentes pesquisas demonstram que nadadores com maior estabilidade e melhor equilíbrio refletem melhor desempenho hídrico e capacidade de ajuste. Objetivo: Explorar a influência do treinamento de equilíbrio na aptidão física dos nadadores. Métodos: Os voluntários selecionados neste trabalho foram nadadores de 18 a 22 anos de idade em uma escola de esportes. Eles foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo experimental e grupo de controle, para um experimento com duração de 8 semanas. Durante este período, os dois grupos de atletas realizaram treinamentos, e aos atletas do grupo experimental foi adicionado um treinamento de equilíbrio postural ao invés dos métodos tradicionais de treinamento, enquanto os atletas-controle seguiram o plano rotineiro de treinamento profissional lecionado pela escola esportiva. Resultados: A pontuação OSI dos atletas do grupo experimental diminuiu de 1,79±0,41 para 0,89±0,26; a pontuação API diminuiu de 1,31±0,22 para 0,64±0,17; e a pontuação MLI diminuiu de 1,42±0,32 para 0,54±0,30. Conclusão: O treinamento de equilíbrio postural revelou aumentar a estabilidade dos nadadores, contribuindo favoravelmente para a aptidão física esportiva. O treinamento de equilíbrio postural pode ser adicionado no processo de treinamento de natação. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: Investigaciones recientes demuestran que los nadadores con mayor estabilidad y mejor equilibrio reflejan un mejor rendimiento en el agua y capacidad de ajuste. Objetivo: Explorar la influencia del entrenamiento del equilibrio en la capacidad de ajuste de los nadadores. Métodos: Los voluntarios seleccionados en este trabajo eran nadadores de entre 18 y 22 años de una escuela deportiva. Se dividieron aleatoriamente en grupo experimental y grupo de control para un experimento de 8 semanas de duración. Durante este periodo, ambos grupos de atletas realizaron entrenamiento, y a los atletas del grupo experimental se les añadió entrenamiento de equilibrio postural en lugar de los métodos de entrenamiento tradicionales, mientras que los atletas de control siguieron el plan de entrenamiento profesional rutinario impartido por la escuela deportiva. Resultados: La puntuación OSI de los atletas del grupo experimental disminuyó de 1,79±0,41 a 0,89±0,26; la puntuación API disminuyó de 1,31±0,22 a 0,64±0,17; y la puntuación MLI disminuyó de 1,42±0,32 a 0,54±0,30. Conclusión: Se ha demostrado que el entrenamiento del equilibrio postural aumenta la estabilidad de los nadadores, contribuyendo favorablemente a la aptitud física deportiva. El entrenamiento del equilibrio postural puede añadirse al proceso de entrenamiento de natación. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Bioinformatics analysis of sterol O⁃acyltransferase 1 gene related to hepatocellular carcinoma / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Abstract：Objective To predict the structure and function of sterol O⁃acyltransferase 1（SOAT1）related to hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）by using bioinformatics tools，in order to understand its mechanism as the marker and therapeutic target of S⁃Ⅲ subtype. Methods The structure，function and protein interaction of SOAT1 were predicted and analyzed by using databases or softwares such as NCBI，STRING，Protscale，SignalP，TMHMM，PSORT，SOPMA，SWISS ⁃ MODEL， NetNGlyc，NetOGlyc，Netphos and ProtParam. Results The protein encoded by SOAT1 was a hydrophobic protein with good stability，which was a nonclassical pathway protein with 8 transmembrane regions，mainly distributed among the cell membrane. SOAT1 was expressed in many tissues，while most of them in the adrenal gland，which showed multiple phosphorylation sites and was mainly involved in the synthesis and catabolism of cholesterol. Conclusion Bioinformatics analysis of structure and function of SOAT1 showed that SOAT1 lipid synthesis and catabolism pathways played an important role，and lipid expression was closely related to the development of cancer，indicating that the treatment of HCC may be achieved by regulating the expression of SOAT1 gene.

Dietary exposure risk of bisphenol S in vegetables and fruits inHenan Province / 预防医学

Objective@#To monitor the content of bisphenol S ( BPS ) in vegetables and fruits in Henan Province and evaluate the dietary exposure risk of the population, so as to provide the basis for formulating relevant food safety standards.@*Methods@#From 2018 to 2019, 276 samples of vegetables and fruits produced and sold in Henan Province were collected. BPS was determined by isotope dilution ultra performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry ( UPLC-MS/MS ) , and the dietary exposure was calculated according to the dietary structure and average body weight of local residents. The risk index of BPS was calculated according to the daily tolerable intake ( TDI ) of bisphenol A ( BPA ). @*Results@#The BPS contents in vegetables and fruits were 0.006-12.600 µg/kg and 0.006-9.380 µg/kg, the medians were 0.053 µg/kg and 0.023 µg/kg, the detection rates were 78.43% and 62.60%, respectively.The detection rate and content of BPS in vegetables were higher than those in fruits ( P<0.05 ). The maximum exposure of BPS from vegetables and fruits was 5.37×10-2 µg/ ( kgbw·d ), and the exposure risk index was 1.07 × 10-3, which was acceptable. @*Conclusions@#BPS was detected from vegetables and fruits in Henan Province. The detection rate and content of BPS in vegetables were higher than those in fruits. The health risk of BPS exposed by vegetables and fruits is small.

CHRNA5 polymorphism and susceptibility to lung cancer in a Chinese population

Polymorphisms in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit CHRNA5 gene have been associated with lung cancer positive susceptibility in European and American populations. In the present hospital-based, case-control study, we determined whether polymorphism in rs503464 of CHRNA5 is associated with lung cancer risk in Chinese individuals. A single nucleotide polymorphism in CHRNA5 rs503464, c.-166T>A (hereafter T>A), was identified using TaqMan-MGB probes with sequencing via PCR in 600 lung cancer cases and 600 healthy individuals. Genotype frequencies for rs503464 (T>A) were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the control population. However, genotype frequencies were significantly different between cases and controls (P < 0.05), while allele frequencies were not significantly different between groups. Compared to homozygous genotypes (TT or AA), the risk of lung cancer in those with the heterozygous genotype (TA) was significantly lower (OR = 0.611, 95%CI = 0.486-0.768, P = 0.001). Using genotype AA as a reference, the risk of lung cancer for those with genotype TA was increased 1.5 times (OR = 1.496, 95%CI = 1.120-1.997, P = 0.006). However, no difference in risk was observed between T allele carriers and A allele carriers (OR = 0.914, 95%CI = 0.779-1.073, P = 0.270). Stratification analysis showed that the protective effect of TA was more pronounced in those younger than 60 years, nonsmokers, or those without a family history of cancer, as well as in patients with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma in clinical stages III or IV (P < 0.05). Therefore, the heterozygous genotype c.-166T>A at rs503464 of CHRNA5 may be associated with reduced risk of lung cancer, thus representing a susceptibility allele in Chinese individuals.

Expression and significance of HER-2/neu mRNA and RECK mRNA in breast carcinoma tissue / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of HER-2/neu mRNA and RECK mRNA in breast carcinoma tissue and relationship with progression of breast carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>92 cases of breast carcinoma tissue and homologous paraneoplastic breast tissue were selected, expressive level of HER-2/neu mRNA and RECK mRNA were detected with RT-PCR, expressive difference of HER-2/neu mRNA and RECK mRNA were contrasted between breast carcinoma tissue and homologous paraneoplastic breast tissue, along with different TNM stage breast carcinoma tissue and differentiate breast carcinoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The level of HER-2/neu mRNA was higher and RECK mRNA was lower in breast carcinoma tissue than homologous paraneoplastic breast tissue, the expressive level of HER-2/neu mRNA and RECK mRNA was remarkably different along with different TNM stage breast carcinoma tissue and differentiate breast carcinoma, there was a negative correlation between expressive level of HER-2/neu mRNA and RECK mRNA in breast carcinoma tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Expression of HER-2/neu mRNA and RECK mRNA was abnormal in breast carcinoma tissue, HER-2/neu mRNA and RECK mRNA regulate each other and mutual participate occurrence and progression of breast carcinoma.</p>

Expression of MT1-MMP and RECK protein in human gastric carcinoma / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the expression of membrane-type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) in gastric carcinoma, and investigate its clinical significance, at the same time analyze the correlation between MT1-MMP and RECK expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MT1-MMP and RECK expression in surgically resected tissue samples of gastric carcinoma was examined by immunohistochemical method (two-step method) , and its correlation with clinicopathological factors was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 44 gastric carcinoma samples, 37 (84.1%) were stained positive for MT1-MMP, and 31 (70.5%) for RECK. The expression of MT1-MMP was much higher in poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma samples than moderately and well-differentiated samples (P = 0.015). The expression level of MT1-MMP was associated with invasive depth of tumor cells (P = 0.007), but no difference between sex and lymph node metastasis. On the contrary, the well-differentiated samples showed higher expression of RECK than poorly and moderately differentiated gastric carcinoma samples (P = 0.006). The expression level of RECK did not correlate with sex, lymph node metastasis and invasive depth of tumor cells. RECK expression showed no relation to MT1-MMP expression in the gastric carcinoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Overexpression of MT1-MMP in gastric carcinoma may play an important role during tumor differentiation and metastasis, the RECK protein may have positive effects on the tumor differentiation.</p>