Sealing ability of MTA, CPM, and MBPc as root-end filling materials: a bacterial leakage study

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the sealing ability of three root-end filling materials (white MTA, CPM, and MBPc) using an Enterococcus faecalis leakage model. Material and Methods Seventy single-root extracted human teeth were instrumented and root-ends were resected to prepare 3 mm depth cavities. Root-end preparations were filled with white MTA, CPM, and MBPc cements. Enterococcus faecalis was coronally introduced and the apical portion was immersed in BHI culture medium with phenol red indicator. The bacterial leakage was monitored every 24 h for 4 weeks. The statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon-Gehan test (p<0.05). Results All cements showed bacterial leakage after 24 hours, except for the negative control group. The MBPc showed significantly less bacterial leakage compared with the MTA group (p<0.05). No significant differences were found between the CPM and the other groups. Conclusions The epoxy resin-based cement MBPc had lower bacterial leakage compared with the calcium silicate-based cements MTA and CPM.

Anatomia radiográfica do canal mandibular e suas variações em radiografias panorâmicas / Radiographic anatomy of the mandibular canal and its variations in panoramic radiographs

Neste estudo avaliamos a prevalência das diferentes variações anatômicas do canal mandibular e a visualização do forame mentual em radiografias panorâmicas, utilizando a classificação proposta por Nortjé. Em relação aos canais bífidos, utilizamos a classificação proposta por Langlais. A amostra foi composta por 915 radiografias, sendo 583 de mulheres e 332 de homens, brancos e negros. Para a descrição das proporções foi utilizado Intervalo de Confiança a 95 por cento. Para comparação das proporções entre grupos foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado, sendo adotado nível de significância de 5 por cento (p < 0,05). As diferenças morfológicas do canal mandibular não foram influenciadas pelo sexo e nem pela etnia, na amostra estudada; quando comparamos a amostra estudada com amostras obtidas por outros autores, houve diferença. Em relação à altura do canal mandibular, a maior ocorrência foi do Tipo 2 em mulheres e do Tipo 4 em homens; a menor ocorrência foi pra o Tipo 3 em ambos os sexos; para os canais que apresentaram bifurcação o Tipo 0 foi mais prevalente em ambos os sexos. A curva mesial do canal mandibular estava presente na maioria das radiografias interpretadas, porém essa diferença não é estatisticamente significante; o forame mentual não pode ser visualizado em 0,4 por cento das radiografias, todas de homens.

In this study, the prevalence of the different anatomical variations of the mandibular canal and the view of the mental foramen in panoramic radiographs, using the classification proposed by Nortjé was evaluated. Regarding channels bifid, we use the classification proposed by Langlais. The sample comprised 915 radiographs, 583 were women and 332 men, whites and blacks. For the description of proportions was used Confidence Interval 95 percent. For comparison of proportions between groups was used the chi-square, with the level of significance of 5 percent (p < 0.05). The morphological differences of the mandibular canal were not influenced by gender or by ethnicity, the sample studied, when comparing the sample with samples obtained by other authors, there were differences, relative to the height of the mandibular canal, the most prevalent was the Type II in women and Type IV in males and the lowest prevalence was for Type III in both sexes, for the channels that showed the bifurcation Type 0 was more prevalent in both sexes; curve mesial of the mandibular canal was present in most interpreted the radiographs, but this difference was not statistically significant, the mental foramen can not be viewed in 0.4 percent of the radiographs, all men.