RESUMO
Characterization and application of medicinal plants essential oils may be useful in counteracting drug-resistant infections. To evaluate the antifungal efficacy of myrtle [Myrtus communis L.] essential oils on oral candidiasis in immunosuppressed rats. The essential oil of myrtle was extracted by hydrodistillation method and its components and content were recognized by GC and GC-MS apparatuses. The MIC of essential oil and nystatin was determined by broth macrodilution procedures. Thirty five rats weighting 200 +/- 20 g was randomly arranged in 5 treatment groups including: [1] placebo group, [2] myrtle essential oil-treated group [2-fold MIC], [3] nystatin-treated group, [4] Non-immunosupressed-infected group, and [5] Immunosupressed-noninfected group. The strong pathogen was isolated from the vaginal secretion of a patient suffering from acute vaginitis. Infection level and therapeutic effects was evaluated by microbiological, histopathological methods and clinical examinations. Alpha-pinene, limonene, linalool, alpha-terpineol and linaleol acetate were main components of the essential oil. The MIC of the essential oil and nystatin was 2 mg/ml and 4 micro g/ml against Candida albicans, respectively. Microbiological and histopathological evaluations indicated that the essential oil of Myrtus communis had significant activity against C. albicans [p<0.01]. Of course, there was still limited area of infection in some region of mocusa in the back of tongues in which it can remain dormantly and result in illness appearing. The treatment by myrtle essential oil at concentration of 2 fold MIC was not sufficient to remove completely oral candidiasis in immunosupressed rats. Therefore, it should be evaluated the doses of essential oil more than 2-fold MIC in the formulation in order to the completely eradication of candidiasis
RESUMO
In this study, we evaluated the activity of garlic extract against Dermatophytes which is planned to be used instead of chemical durgs. Garlic has been widely used as medicine since ancient times for varieties of illnesses, including abdominal pain, parasitic infection, insect and snakebites, hemorrhoid and rheumatism. In the last decades, garlic has been reported to display antibiotic and antifungi activities. Garlic was obtained from Hamadan, Iran. Using the Mantis method, dry garlic bulbs were peeled and homogenized with two parts of distilled water in a blender and liquid garlic extract was obtained. Then the homogenized garlic extract was run through Amicon DIAF10 ultra-filtration system, using XM and PM membranes. The ultra-filtrated fractions were collected as Residue [R] 300, 100, 50, 30, 10 and filtrate [F] 10. The fractions were evaluated by SDS-PAGE, using 14 percent Acrylamide gel. Serial dilutions of fraction from 1/2 up to 1/32 were tested against each Dermatophyte in Sabourauds Dextrose agar and Minimum Inhibition Concentration [MIC] was obtained. The Dermatophytes tested included: Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes, Triochophyton Mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, Tricophyton rubrum, Tricophyton tonsurans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum. An ointment was prepared with Fraction F10 as active ingrediant and was used for treatment of dermatophitosis of ginea pigs. The result showed that F10 inhibited growth of Microsporum canis, Epidermophyton floccosum, Tricophyton rubrum, Tricophyton tonsurans. MIC 1/4 was active against Microsporum gypseum and 1/2 against Triochophyton Mentagrophytes var, interdigitale. Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. Mentagrophytes was resistant to all dilutions. lso the ointment used for treatment of dermatophitosis of guinea pig showed a statistically significant inverse relation between the severity and diameter of lesions and the duration of treatment [p<0.01]. This research showed that F10 fraction, which contains nonprotein components, is the most effective treatment for dermatophitosis