Phytochemical and biological investigation of Monsonia Nivea decne.webb. growing in Egypt

Six compounds were isolated from Monsonia nivea Decne. Webb. [Geraniaceae] growing in Egypt. The compounds are sterol, triterpene and flavonoid in nature. These compounds were identified as alpha-amyrin, beta-sitosterol, ursolic acid, apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside and rutin. The structures of the isolated compounds were confirmed by different spectroscopic methods. The anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and the DNA-binding activities [as an indicator for anti-tumor activity] were carried out for the extracts and some pure compounds

pharmacognostical study of Monsonia nivea decne. WEBB. growing in Egypt

The macro- and micro-morphological characters of the leaves, petioles, stems and roots of Monsonia nivea Decne. Webb. [Family Geraniaceae] have been studied in order to identify them in both entire and powdered forms

Phytochemical and biological investigation of leptadenia pyrotechnica dence growing in Egypt

The phytochemical investigation of Leptadenia pyrotechnica Dence [Family Asclepiadaceae] growing in Egypt was performed in this study. Sterols and triterpenes were isolated; namely, beta-amyrin, beta-sitosterol, lupeol and betulin. In addition, five flavonoid compounds, viz. quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3'- O-beta-D-glucoside and rutin. The isolation and identification of these compounds were achieved through different chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The isolated pure compounds were subjected to a DNA-binding assay to reveal any antitumor activity of these compounds. Only betulin showed a moderate DNA-binding activity at IC50, 42 mug/ml

Biochemical and histopathological effects of acute and chronic head trauma on the brain of albino rat

Thirty six albino rats were used in this experimental work. They were divided into six groups, each comprised six rats. One group was considered as control, two groups were exposed to acute head trauma and the other three groups to chronic head trauma. The animals were decapitated after different periods of time. Serotonin level of the brain tissue was estimated and the brains were examined histopathologically. It was found that there was significant increase in serotonin level in cases of chronic head trauma while the increase was insignificant in acute cases. The histopathological examination of the brain showed more serious changes in chronic head trauma than in acute

study of the effect of electric current injury on the brain morphology of the albino rat

Accidental electric injuries are daily occurring as electricity became a part of life. Also, criminal electrocution may be used as a variety of violence or vengeance with significant mortality and morbidity. In the present work, twelve adult albino rats of both sexes were used, exposed to variable durations of electric current without causing death to the animals, their brains were collected and processed for histological examination. It was observed that exposure to electric current for short period [2 seconds] caused mild axon degeneration in the brain. However, long period [15 seconds] led to submeningeal haemorrhage, brain oedema, vascular damage and degeneration of some ganglionic cells with fragmentation of many axons. Brain changes observed as a result of electric current injury for long duration can be attributed to the vascular damage rather than to the direct effect of the current and possibility if the victim survived, ischaemic necrosis will occur in the brain areas supplied by the affected blood vessels which may lead, later on, to various neurological manifestations