value of plain X-ray film in diagnosis of septal defects

This study was carried out on 46 patients with septal defects. They were 21 females and 25 males, their ages ranged from 5 months to 14 years. Patients were referred with provisional diagnosis based on clinical data. Chest X-ray in postro-anterior and lateral views was performed. All patients were subjected to echocardiaography [M-mode, 2D, doppler, and contrast echo]. There were 17 patients with atrial septal defect [ASD], 19 patients with ventricular septal defect [VSD] and 10 patients with atrio-ventricular canal defects [A-V canal]. In the management of congenital heart disease [CHD], much more information is required than can be obtained from chest radiograph. Nevertheles, useful information may be present which may have an important bearing on planning of subsequent investigation vascular pattern faithfully reflects the underlying patho-physiology of the heart it would seem advantageous for the observer to start with. The roentgen appearance of the great vessele often provides valuable information for the diagnosis of heart disease. Echocardiopaphy of the heart offers a wealth of anatomical and physiological information without radiation or known risk. Echocardiography proved great efficiency in diagnosing all cases of atrial and ventricular septal defects. It clearly demonstrated the exact sites, of septal defects but it could not exactly demonstrated the magnitude of shunt. Finally, this study can conclude that any patient suspected of having CHD, septal defect, should be carefully examined clinically. A good chest film should be performed. Echocardiography should come next as a routine non invasive diagnostic tool

Clinical, laboratory and radiological follow-up of tuberculous infants and children

The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of clinical, laboratory and radiological improvement of the newly diagnosed tuberculous children, who were treated for nine months. The study was done in the Tuberculous Paediatric Outpatient Clinic of Bab-El Shaareya Hospital and El-Galaa Teaching Hospital during 1999-2000. History, clinical examination, ESR, WBCs, HB and chest X-ray were done every three months for a period of nine months. The total number of tuberculous children was 50 [22 were males and 28 were and females]. The maximum number of cases was in the age group 10-15 year. Pulmonary TB cases were 29, lymphadenitis 14, urinary 4, miliary 2 and skin 1]. The temperature, ESR, WBC and HB showed a gradual improvement throughout the nine months; while the X-rays showed rapid clearance within the first three months. Treatment for nine months with INH, RIF and PZA was effective