Comparative study of the psychomotor development in breast fed versus artificially fed infants

Breast feeding is the most desirable means, of feeding normal infants, but many infants are currently fed infant formulas and so, evaluation of the adequacy of such formulas is an important topic in the field of pediatrics. In this study we aimed to find the differences in the anthropomoteric measurements and intelligence between breast-fed and artificially fed infants aging 18 to 24 months. In this study we found that breast-feeding significantly affect leg length than formula feeding. There is significant difference in the skin fold thickness in the artificially fed infants than in the breast-fed. The social IQ Is higher in the artificially fed infants

Sensory and pain assessment in normal older adults

This work was designed to study the effect of non-reported pain of older adult on their health related quality of life, activity limitation and cognitive impairment. A neuropsychological test battery, with an emphasis on sensory system, was administered twice weekly for two months. The battery included mini-mental state examination, clock drawing test, functional assessment staging test, brief pain inventory and Oucher scale. Although the pain was mild, sensory impairment and daily activity were significantly affected. Therefore, those old adults had a pain affecting their daily activity, which they cannot interpret

study of photo sensitivity and epilepsy among children aged 8 - 15 years

Photosensitive epilepsy occurred at approximately 1:4000 of normal population. It is classified to pure photosensitive epilepsy and photosensitive non-epileptic patients. Females to male ratio 1.9:1 probably explains the hormonal background. Recent advances in technology and some special effects add to the natural sources of photosensitivity a wide range of photosensitive stimulation. Spatial and temporal light contrast affects the seizures threshold in certain populations. This study was done in El-Mataria Teaching Hospital on 50 children aged 8-15 years of normal intelligence, with no organic brain syndromes, classified to three groups: Patients developed seizures in the presence or absence of visual patterns, patients developed convulsions only in the presence of visual patterns stimulation and patients developed only photo paroxysmal response to intermittent photic stimulation in EEG laboratory

EEG abnormalities associated with language disorders in normally developed children aged 5 - 8 years

To define the effects of sub-clinical EEG abnormalities on intellectual and linguistic functions, in school normally developed children. Fifty normally developed children aged 5-8 years were selected. All had normal developmental milestones, language acquisition, vision and hearing. They present with linguistic deterioration and scholastic underachievement, which started one year before presentation. All of them were exposed to thorough clinical examination [pediatric and neurological], routine lab investigation, pure tone audiometry, intelligence assessment using Wechsler revised for children, EEG monitoring and MRI. 40 children [of the 50] showed abnormal EEG trace, evidently abnormal WISC-R results, but normal MRI and audiometry. The other 10 cases showed normal EEG tracing and MRI, with milder affection of intelligence as assessed by WISC-R and linguistic deterioration. Several factors can interfere with individual cognitive performance. Epileptic activity, even sub-clinical E.E.G. abnormalities, may induce linguistic deterioration and cognitive impairments. Focal epileptogenic discharge is associated with more severe deficits than generalized ones

Epilepsy in multiply handicapped Egyptian children

To describe the characteristics, proposed etiology and prevalence of epilepsy in patients with multiple handicaps in a specialized center. A total of 200 consecutive multiply handicapped patients were retrospectively studied. Criteria for inclusion were follow-up period for at least 2 years. Types and prevalence of epilepsy were correlated with the different forms of disabilities. Other factors associated with epilepsy such as age of first seizure, neonatal seizures and family history of epilepsy were also analyzed. Follow-up ranged between 24 and 148 months [mean 54 months]. The overall prevalence of epilepsy was 29 percent in the total group. It was 59.7 percent in Cerebral palsy; 24.5 percent in mental retardation; 61 percent in sensory deficits group; and 42 percent in other behavioral disturbances group. First seizure occurred during the first year of life in 74.2 percent of patients with epilepsy. Generalized and partial were the predominant types of epilepsy [62 percent and 38 percent, respectively]. Neonatal seizures and family history of epilepsy were associated with a higher incidence of epilepsy. The proposed etiologies in the group were: Perinatal injury; Remote central nervous system infection; Trauma; Developmental and genetic brain disorders. Epilepsy in multiply handicapped children is a major problem. It can be predicted if seizures occur in the first year of life, in neonatal period and if there is family history of epilepsy

Plasma homocysteine levels in cerbrovascular strokes

Seventy adult subjects were included in this study and subdivided into four groups: The first group included 10 healthy lean subjects as a control group, the second group included 20 patients with high risk factors as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and/or smoking, the third group included 20 patients with cerebrovascular stroke and having one or more of the risk factors, while the fourth group included 20 patients with stroke having none of the above-mentioned risk factors. This study showed that homocysteine was significantly elevated in the three different groups of patients compared with the control group. Although homocysteine levels were higher in both groups of patients with stroke compared with the non- stroke patients with risk factors, the difference was not statistically significant. Also, this study showed that there were significant elevated levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin in both groups of patients with risk factors compared with the control group or the group of patients with stroke, but without having risk factors other than hyper homocysteine. In addition, the study showed that there was a significant positive correlation between homocysteine and age, body mass index [BMI], blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol and low lipoprotein cholesterol