RESUMO
Acute pyelonephritis is one of the most common cause of hospitalization in pregnant women. It's a long time that Ampicillin has used as the first step of treatment, but now we encounter resistant species of bacteria against it. The purpose of this study was a survey of clinical and laboratory resistance to intravenous Ampicillin in pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis. This survey was done on 74 pregnant women who have been admitted to the obstetric center of Emam Reza Hospital with diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis for a period of one year [l378-79]. All of the patients were prescribed intravenous Ampieillin [lgr Qid] after taking urine culture and analysis. Clinical response was assessed after 72 hours and compared with the first urine culture. The most common pathogen was E.coli [79.4%]. Ampicillin resistance rate regarding antibiogram was common [88.2%], but clinically 43.2% of patients taking Ampicillin were resistant. There was a significant difference between laboratoary and clinical resistant in this study [P=0.03]. At last like other studies and of course with more emphasis, we can say that Ampicillin alone for empirical treatment of pregnancy acute pyelonephritis is not effective. So we propose that an aminoglycoside should be added to Ampicillin regimen for acute pyelonephritis of pregnancy