RESUMO
<p><b>PURPOSE</b>Alcohol consumption can lead to risky driving and increase the frequency of traffic accidents, injuries and mortalities. The main purpose of our study was to compare simulated driving performance between two groups of drivers, one consumed alcohol and the other not consumed, using a systematic review.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this systematic review, electronic resources and databases including Medline via Ovid SP, EMBASE via Ovid SP, PsycINFO via Ovid SP, PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL) via EBSCOhost were comprehensively and systematically searched. The randomized controlled clinical trials that compared simulated driving performance between two groups of drivers, one consumed alcohol and the other not consumed, were included. Lane position standard deviation (LPSD), mean of lane position deviation (MLPD), speed, mean of speed deviation (MSD), standard deviation of speed deviation (SDSD), number of accidents (NA) and line crossing (LC) were considered as the main parameters evaluating outcomes. After title and abstract screening, the articles were enrolled for data extraction and they were evaluated for risk of biases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirteen papers were included in our qualitative synthesis. All included papers were classified as high risk of biases. Alcohol consumption mostly deteriorated the following performance outcomes in descending order: SDSD, LPSD, speed, MLPD, LC and NA. Our systematic review had troublesome heterogeneity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Alcohol consumption may decrease simulated driving performance in alcohol consumed people compared with non-alcohol consumed people via changes in SDSD, LPSD, speed, MLPD, LC and NA. More well-designed randomized controlled clinical trials are recommended.</p>
RESUMO
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitrification on the morphology of human ovarian tissue in a stimulated group compared to a non-stimulated group
Methods: Ovarian cortex biopsies collected from stimulated and non-stimulated groups were transported to the laboratory in L-15 medium. Biopsies were cut into small pieces and divided randomly into the vitrified and non-vitrified subgroups. The vitrified-warmed and fresh samples were fixed using Bouin's solution, then passaged, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome. The follicles at different developmental stages were counted and evaluated
Results: Morphological observations showed that the follicles and stromal tissue had well preserved normal structures after vitrification and warming. The percentage of normal follicles in the non-stimulated non-vitrified group was 89.22%; for the non-stimulated vitrified group, it was 84.60%. In previous groups the proportion of primordial follicles were 68.7 +/- 1.60% and 67.80 +/- 3.71%, primary follicles were 28.60 +/- 1.72% and 29.40 +/- 3.51%, and secondary follicles were 3.60 +/- 0.66% and 2.70 +/- 1.20%, respectively. The percentage of normal follicles in the stimulated non-vitrified group was 88.18%; for the stimulated vitrified group, it was 84.19%. In stimulated non-vitrified and stimulated vitrified groups the proportion of primordial follicles were 49.70 +/- 4.13% and 49.34 +/- 2.86%, primary follicles were 44.50 +/- 3.83% and 44.72 +/- 2.68%, and secondary follicles were 5.60 +/- 0.72% and 5.91 +/- 0.77%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the vitrified and non-vitrified and stimulated and non-stimulated groups
Conclusion: Vitrification had no harmful effect on the morphology of stimulated human ovarian tissue and stroma and ovarain tissue structure was similar to the non-stimulated group. This method could be a good alternative for fertility preservation