RESUMO
Background and Aim: Peritoneal adhesions can be defined as abnormal fibrous bands between peritoneal or pelvic cavity. Flavonoid agents with antioxidant properties are present in Rosa damascene and seem to be useful for prevention of intra-abdominal adhesion formation. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of R. damascena hydroalcoholic extract on prevention of adhesions
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 rats were divided randomly into 3 groups group A received 1% extract, group B 5% extract and group C distilled water. During laparotomy, three longitudinal and transvers incisions each of 2 cm length were made in the serous surface by scalpel in the right and left sides of peritoneum, and a 2x2 cm patch was completely cut off. Group A and B received 1% and 5% hydroalcoholic extract of R. damascena [3 ml, intra-abdominal cavity] respectively and group C received distilled water during the surgery. Two weeks later in the second laparotomy, the adhesions were graded by means of Canbaz scale. Using SPSS v.16 software, data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test
Results: There were significant differences between the scores of groups A and C [P = 0.007]. The mean adhesion scores were 1.4 +/- 1.265 and 3 +/- 0.816 in groups A and C respectively
Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrated that use of R. damascena 1% extracts may result in effective prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions. After more studies in the future, R. damascena or its derivatives may prove to be useful for prevention of adhesions
RESUMO
Streptococcus mutans and sanguinis are etiologic agents of dental caries. The use and search for drugs derived from plants have accelerated in the recent years. The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial effects of ethanolic walnut leaf extract with chlorhexidine mouth rinse on these bacteria. In this experimental study, after collection and extraction of the plant, the ethanol extract of walnut leaves together with chlorhexidin was examined for antibacterial activities on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis using the agar-diffusion and microdilution methods. Amikacin [30 micro g] was used as an antimicrobial positive control. Assessment of total phenolic components was carried out using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Data were collected as a check list based on observation of laboratory results and analyzed by SPSS 16 software using the Man-Whitney statistical test. The results showed that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration [MIC] for ethanolic extract of walnut leaf was 125 and 15.6 mg/ml for Streptococcus mutansand Streptococcus sanguinis, respectively. There was significant different between ethanolic extract and chlorhexidine on the inhibition zone for Streptococcus mutans [p=0.000] but no significant difference was observed for Streptococcus sanguinis [p=0.058]. Deal of the phenolic component was 410 +/- 14.43 mg/g. These findings showed that walnut leaves have antibacterial effects on these two bacteria and may be substitute for protection and treatment against dental plaque due to these microorganisms