RESUMO
Aim: To evaluate the frequency of incus bone erosion during mastoid exploration in chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma of the middle ear. Study design: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and duration: In the ENT Department of Services Hospital Lahore for the one-year duration from January 2018 to January 2019. Methods: 70 chronic suppurative otitis media patients with the middle ear cholesteatoma were prospectively evaluated and selected with a non-probability purposive sampling technique. The operation was performed on 70 patients under general anaesthesia in the operating room. A standard questionnaire was prepared and history, examination, laboratory data, and treatment were recorded for each patient. Results: One of the usual common diseases of the ear, nose and throat is chronic suppurative otitis media. Previously this disease was called atticoantral type was considered usually unsafe, is mostly caused by marginal perforation with cholesteatoma, the distinguishing feature of this condition and is taken as a complicating element. A total of 70 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media with middle ear cholesteatoma were included in the study. Forty-five (64.28%) are men and 25 (35.71%) are women. 2: 1 was the M: F ratio. There were 10 patients in the first age group from 1 to 10 years 10 (14.28%), in the second age group patients from 11 to 20 years 35 (50%), in the third age group 21-30 years 12 (17.14%), in the fourth age group, 31 to 40 years of age 5 (7.14%), in the fifth age group, 41 to 50 years age 5 (7.14%), and in the sixth age group, 3 patients were >50 years (4.28%). The mean ± standard deviation in the age group was 21.2 ± 11.9 years. The mastoidectomy was performed in 64 patients (91.42%) and a modified radical mastoidectomy was performed in 6 patients (8.57%). Bone erosion due to suppurative otitis media with middle ear cholesteatoma was absent in 59 patients (84.28%) and 11 patients (15.71%) without bone erosion.
RESUMO
Cefuroxime axetil immediate release tablets were formulated by direct compression method with different percentages of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) such as 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and also without SLS. Resulting batches of tablets were evaluated by both pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial methods to ascertain the physico-mechanical properties. Dissolution test were carried out in different medium like 0.07 M HCl, distilled water, 0.1M HCl of pH 1.2 and phosphate buffers at pH 4.5 and 6.8 to observe the drug release against the respective concentration of SLS used. Later, test formulations were compared by f1 (dissimilarity) and f2 (similarity) factors using a reference brand of cefuroxime axetil. Significant differences (p<0.05) in dissolution rate were recorded with the change in concentration of SLS in different media. Test formulation T3 containing 1% SLS was found to be best optimized formulation based on assay, disintegration, dissolution and similarity and dissimilarity factors.
Formularam-se comprimidos de liberação imediata à base de cefuroxima axetil, pelo método de compressão direta, com diferentes percentagens de lauril sulfato de sódio (LSS), tais como 0,5, 1,0, 1,5, e também sem SLS. Os lotes resultantes dos comprimidos foram avaliados por ambos os métodos da farmacopeia e não farmacopeicos para determinar as propriedades físico-mecânicas. O teste de dissolução foi realizado em meios diferentes, como HCl 0,07 M, água destilada, HCl 0,1 M com pH 1,2 e os tampões fosfato (pH 4,5 e 6,8) para observar a liberação do fármaco contra a correspondente concentração de LSS utilizado. Em seguida, as formulações de teste foram comparadas por fatores f1 (dissimilaridade) e f2 (similaridade), utilizando uma marca de referência de cefuroxima axetil. Diferenças significativas (p<0,05) na taxa de dissolução foram registradas com a mudança na concentração de LSS em diferentes meios de dissolução. A formulação T3 contendo LSS a 1% foi considerada a melhor formulação otimizada com base nos ensaios de desintegração, dissolução e fatores de semelhança e dissimilaridade.