Sperm ultra-structure in subfertile males

This study was done on twenty cases of males divided into two groups: the first group was fifteen cases of subfertile males and the second group was five cases of fertile males as a control. Semen sample was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. The light microscopic findings were in the form of head abnormalities and abnormal tail with marked curled formation: The ultrastructural changes revealed abnormalities in the head in the form of acrosomal changes. Also, there were nuclear changes in the form of chromatinic condensation with nuclear vacoulatibn. There was constriction of the neck. The middle piece showed disorganization and disarrangement of mitochondrial structure. Also, the principal piece showed abnormalities in the form of absence of fibrous sheath, reduction or supernumerary of peripheral microtubules and absent central microtubules

Post operative changes in sinus mucosa after endoscopic sinus surgery

This study was performed on 30 patients with chronic sinusitis from outpatient clinics, AlAzhar University Hospitals. Biopsies from the sinus mucosa and turbinates were studied by light microscopy. transmission and scanning electron microscopy. These biopsies were obtained before and after functional endoscopic sinus surgery [FESS]. The present investigation led to the following findings. The microscopic pictures showed that goblet cells, inflammatory cells and oedaema were less postoperatively but fibrosis was more than before the operation. In chronic sinusitis treated by FESS. the mucosa showed ultrastructural changes caused by acute and chronic infections. In chronic sinusitis, morphological changes such as swelling of the ciliary membrane, formation of compound cilia, loss of epithelial cells, ciliary disorientation dilated glands and cells distended with secretory granules were recorded. Swelling of endothelial cells of the blood vessels was observed. Healing of mucosal pathology evaluated radiologically and by electron microscopy took up to six months despite the seemingly early symptomatic improvement

Effect of interferon alpha on the islet tissue of langerhans in the pancreas of albino rat [light and electron microscopic study]

Thirty adult male albino rats were used throughout the work. The animals were divided into three groups: the first group was used as control, the second group was injected with 0.5 ml of interferon solution subcutaneously three times weekly for six months, while the third group was left for one month after injections with interferon for recovery. Six months post injection, the islet tissue shows selective damage and disappearance of epithelial cells of the peripheral ducts in majority of animals. These ducts were lined only by basement membrane, few mother cells of A-cells were only found. The process of proliferation either sprouting or mitosis stopped completely. The islet tissue in the majority of animals degenerated completely with heavy lymphocytic infiltration while others appeared partly healthy. One month post last interferon injection, the islet recovered and returned to normal morphology. The rise of glucose in the treated animals at the time of sacrifice, after 6 months, was not significant and was not considered diabetic