RESUMO
Sore throats can have a range of causes. Common cold viruses are usually to blame. In rarer cases, sore throats are caused by an infection of the tonsils [tonsillitis]. This infection is often bacterial, or sometimes viral. But it isn't easy to tell what kind of germs is responsible for the infection. Children and teenagers are much more susceptible to tonsillitis than adults are. Tonsillitis is inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsils. The inflammation usually extends to the adenoid and the lingual tonsils; therefore, the term pharyngitis may also be used. Most cases of bacterial tonsillitis are caused by group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus pyogenes [GABHS]. Tonsillitis of viral origin is usually treated with supportive care. We describe the anatomic features and the immunologic function of the palatine tonsils, including a detailed discussion of history and physical examination findings, treatment, and possible complications of acute tonsillitis. Establishing an accurate diagnosis and initiating appropriate treatment are key components of managing this common pathologic process
RESUMO
Evaluation of level of consciousness has become essential for anticipation of sepsis and septic shock. Both the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA] score and the quick SOFA score utilize the Glasgow Coma Score [GCS] for screening of sepsis
Objectives: the aim of this review is to determine and study the role of Glasgow coma score in anticipation of sepsis and septic shock
Methods: To achieve this aim, we have searched online database, namely PubMed and Cochrane Library for studies and review articles assessing the significance of assessment of Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] for anticipating sepsis or septic shock. Thirteen appropriatelyrelated studies were selected for review
Results: Disturbed sensorium was found to be a sensitive early indicator for sepsis, thus GCS is used for assessment of both the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment SOFA and quick SOFA scores qSOFA scores. Lower GCS scores were associated with high mortality rates
Discussion: Encephalopathy is an early sign of sepsis and septic shock. Glasgow Coma score GCS was a good indicator of neurological dysfunction evaluated by the SOFA and qSOFA scores. The use of GCS was also a predictor of mortality in patients with sepsis. Some researchers, however, reported that GCS was not the best tool for measuring brain dysfunction in sepsis
Conclusions: Glasgow coma score can anticipate sepsis and septic shock, and predict the outcome of sepsis