[ effect of Creatinemonohydrate supplementation on anaerobic performance and urinary Creatine and Creatinine concentrations among male bodybuilders]

Background and purpose: Athletes try toimprove their performance by using different techniques. Using supplements is one of these methods. Creatine supplement is one of the most popular body building supplements and its usage has been increased dramatically in recent years. Unfortunately our knowledge of the effects of this supplement on body isn't enough. Therefore, this study was aimed at evaluating the effects of short-term use of Creatine supplement on urinary excretion of Creatine and Creatinine and anaerobic performance among bodybuilding athletes.

Materials and Methods: Sixteen male bodybuilders [23.8 +/- 3.4years old] were assigned in a double-blind clinical trial and were randomly divided into two groups, a Creatine treatment group or aplacebo group. Creatine and Creatinine concentrations inurine were determined for both groups before and after intervention and anaerobic performance was evaluated by the Wingateanaerobic test method.

Results: The results revealed an increase in of urinary Creatine and Creatinine concentration sin the Creatine recipient group. Also three measured indices of the Wingate test, including peak power, average power and fatigue index increased in the Creatine recipient group.

Conclusion: According to the increase in anaerobic performance indices among subjects, Creatine supplement can improve body builders performances. According to obtained increase in urinary Creatine and Creatinine concentrations, evaluation of probable side effects of long termuse of this supplement, especially on renal function is necessary.

[Effect of low-calorie diet supplemented with genistein on lipid profile, blood glucose and proinflammatory biomarkers in diet-induced obese rats]

Obesity is a worldwide public health problem that results in comorbidities including diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease and some types of cancer. It seems that soy isoflavones can improve obesity and reverse subsequent metabolic disorders. In this study, we assessed the effect of restriction of calorie supplemented with genistein on diet-induced obese rats. Thirty rats obesed with high fat diet were divided randomly into 3 experimental groups [n= I 0] as follows: group I: low calorie diet supplemented with 50mg/kgbw genistein, group2: low calorie diet supplemented with Dimethyl Sulphoxide [DMSO] [as vehicle] and group3: obese control rats with ad libitum access to standard food. After 4 weeks, fasting blood samples were collected and analyzed for biochemical analysis. The results showed that administration of genistein in conjunction with low calorie diet can synergistically improve triglyceride [p=0.005], VLDL [p=0.005], total cholesterol [p=0.002] and LDL-C [P=0.003] and increase HDL-C [p=0.001] but has no effect on body weight and proinflammatory biomarkers [resistin and CRP]. Restriction of calorie also resulted in the decrease of glucose level, TG, TC, LDL, proinflammatory biomarker [CRP] and increase in HDL-C [p<0.05] but has no effect on resistin level. It seems that administration of genistein with restriction of calorie is useful for improvement of hyperlipidemia in obese hyperlipidemic patients