Limbal dermoid in Nager acrofacial dysostosis: A rare case report.

Nager syndrome, also called preaxial acrofacial dysostosis, comprises two groups of defects involving the limbs and craniofacial region, respectively. This syndrome is rare and only 70 cases have been reported in the literature. The exact cause of this syndrome is unknown, but there is indication that it is genetically based. Ocular manifestations of this syndrome include widely separated downward slanting eyes, absence of eyelashes, ptosis of upper eyelids and colobomas on the inner aspect of lower eyelids. We report limbal dermoid in a patient with Nager syndrome. We did not find such an association of “Limbal dermoid in Nager acrofacial dysostosis syndrome” on PubMed using Nager acrofacial dysostosis, limbal dermoid and ocular manifestations as the keywords.

Unilateral segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia: A rare entity of 3 cases and review.

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia (SOD) is an uncommon, nonhereditary, rare developmental disorder primarily involving the posterior part of the maxilla and related dental components. It is a rare condition of uncertain etiology that results in painless unilateral expansion of the posterior dentoalveolar complex, gingival hyperplasia, lack of one or both premolars in the affected area, delayed eruption of adjacent teeth and malformations of the primary molars. Radiographically, the affected bone is thickened and irregular in outline, with a coarse trabecular pattern that is vertically oriented resulting in a relatively radioopaque granular appearance. The treatment is focused on extraction of the involved teeth, while in some milder cases the teeth may be retained for a long period. The treatment plan should be based on the degree of involvement as well as the functional and esthetic needs in each case. Considering the rarity of the condition, we report three cases of SOD with variable presentations in a 45-year-old, 24-year-old and 23-year-old individual.

Application of genetics and molecular biology in forensic odontology.

Various methods of Forensic Science have been applied to solve many mysteries of world including criminal investigation. Forensic odontology researches are usually associated to the dentist‘s field of action by using bite marks, dental records and radiographs plays an important role in solving many crimes. These methods help in age determination and sex identification of the people who have lost their identity after death. Nevertheless, since the development of genetics and molecular biology there were an increase in number and quality of solved cases. The present article emphasizes the importance to associate certain forensic biology areas to traditional investigation methods in human identification, especially with forensic odontology. It also shows that in some situations, teeth are an important source to genetic analysis and molecular studies. Finally it was concluded that knowledge of forensic genetics applied to traditional forensic investigations would produce an increase of information to Justice.