Expressions of T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 and galectin-9 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and their clinical significances / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To explore the expression levels, clinical significances and prognostic evaluation value of T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3) and galectin-9 (Gal-9) in bone marrow cells of patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).Methods:Bone marrow samples from 30 newly diagnosed ALL patients admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from September 2016 to September 2018 were selected, and peripheral blood samples from 20 healthy volunteers during the same period in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were treated as the controls. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect mRNA relative expression levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9. Differences in mRNA expression of Tim-3 and Gal-9 among ALL patients with varied clinicopathological characteristics were compared. Overall survival (OS) analysis was performed by using the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional hazards model was used to make univariate and multivariate survival analysis.Results:mRNA relative expression levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9 in 30 newly diagnosed ALL patients were higher than those in the healthy control group (2.86±0.47 vs. 0.45±0.05, t = 21.65, P<0.05; 9.79±0.58 vs. 0.96±0.23, t = 63.24, P<0.05). mRNA relative expression level of Tim-3 had statistically significant differences in patients with different ages, France-America-Britain (FAB) Cooperative Group classification, hazard grades and central nervous system invasion (all P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in mRNA relative expression level of Gal-9 for patients with different ages, FAB Cooperative Group classification, white blood cell count (WBC), central nervous system invasion and NOTCH1 mutation (all P<0.01). All patients were grouped by mRNA relative expression levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9, and patients in high Tim-3 expression group (≥2.86) had worse overall survival (OS) compared with that for patients in low Tim-3 expression group (<2.86) ( P = 0.048). Patients in high Gal-9 expression group (≥9.79) had worse OS compared with that for patients in low Gal-9 expression group (<9.79) ( P = 0.031). Moreover, the OS in Tim-3 and Gal-9 both high expression group was worse than that in Tim-3 and Gal-9 both low expression group and in the low expression group of either of them (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in OS between the high Tim-3 expression with low Gal-9 expression group and the high Gal-9 expression with low Tim-3 expression group ( P > 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that peripheral blood WBC≥11.4×10 9/L, BCR-ABL gene mutation, central nervous system invasion, and high expression of Tim-3 and Gal-9 were independent risk prognostic factors of OS for newly diagnosed ALL patients (all P<0.05) . There was a positive correlation between the expression levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9 ( r = 0.788, P<0.01). Conclusions:The high expression of Tim-3 and its ligand Gal-9 are independent effecting factors of poor prognosis in newly diagnosed ALL patients. The expression levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9 can be served as a potential prognostic indicator for ALL patients.

Expression of Transcription Factor SOX4 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Its Clinical Significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression of SOX4 gene in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its correlation with clinical features and prognosis, and to explore the role of this gene in acute myeloid leukemia.@*METHODS@#The real-time guantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of SOX4 gene in bone marrow of 96 patients with newby diagmsed AML, and the features and prognosis was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The level of SOX4 expression in the 96 AML patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (P0.05). In AML patients the SOX4 gene expression level did not significantly correlated with the white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, platelet count primitive cell count, reticulocyte count and other laboratory indexes ( P>0.05), while which correlated with the overall survival (OS) (P<0.01) and erent-free survival (EFS) (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The high expression of SOX4 gene affects the survival time of patients (OS, EFS), suggesting that may be one of the unfavorable prognostic factors for the AML patients.

Bacteriological study of bottled drinking water marketed in Mangalore.

Bottled water is generally accepted as safe for consumption. However, its potability is uncertain. Ninety samples of Six national and 3 local brands marketed in Mangalore City were studied. Seven of these were ISI certified. Bacteriological analysis of these samples were carried out for viable count, presumtive coliform count by multiple tube method, confirmed Esch. coli count by Eijkman test and specific intestinal pathogens, such as Salmonella, Shigella and Vibrios. Thirty out of 90 samples though free from coliforms, had viable count much higher than specified by Bureau of Indian Standard. Three samples of one of the brands which is ISI not certified had Esch. coli with most probable number 18/100 ml and Salmonella typhimurium. It is concluded that bottled water can not be taken for granted to be safe.

Distribution of noniodized salt and related affecting factors in Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To find out the distribution of noniodized salt and related affecting factors in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Using NTTST's iodized salt inspection Plan.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total number of 17 973 house holds being surveyed in which 69.4% of those used iodized salt and 30.5% used noniodizd salt. In northern Xinjiang, 7 672 households being surveyed in which 83.9% used iodized salt while in eastern Xinjiang 1 200 house holds being surveyed in which 62.2% used iodized salt. In southern Xinjiang, 9 101 house holds being surveyed in which 58.2% used iodized salt. Data showed a statistically significant difference (chi(2) = 1 329.87, P < 0.01). The noniodized salt comes from shop-on-wheels (57.4%) and rock salt (23.0%). The source of iodine was different in different areas. In eastern and southern Xinjiang it came from shop-on-wheels, while in northern Xinjiang came from retail sites. Factors related to the use of iodized salt were awareness about iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and income.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Programs on fighting against iodine deficiency in Xinjiang needs more attention, especially in the following aspects as publicity on IDD, administration of salt market and supervision system.</p>