Anatomical study of the pores of the epidermal ridges in a sample of the adult upper Egyptians

Background: Poroscopy is the term applied to the study of the pore characteristics found on the papillary ridges of the skin as a method of identification which was proved to be reliable and accurate

Objective: The goal of this work was to examine the epidermal pores among the adult Upper Egyptians and to detect the influence of gender on their frequency, type, size and shape. So far, no previous research handled this topic on the Upper Egyptians

Subjects and methods: The inked left thumb prints of 200 adult Upper Egyptians [100 males and 100 females] within an age range of 18 - 20 years were examined

Results: The results revealed that the mean number of the epidermal pores in a specific area was greater in the females with a statistically significant difference. As regard the type, size and shape of the pores, it was observed that the closed, medium-sized and circular pores were the most common in both sexes. The females had statistically significant more pores opened on one side and on both sides. Also, the females had more small and medium-sized pores with statistically significant differences. The females had statistically significant values for the circular, triangular and rectangular pores whereas the males had more miscellaneous pores with a statistically significant difference

Conclusion: The characters of the pores present on the papillary ridges of the skin may be used as means of identification and sexual differentiation for the Upper Egyptians

Anatomical study on the correlation between lip prints and dermatoglyphic pattern on finger tips

Dermatoglyphics and Lip prints have been proved to be ectodermal in origin, completely developed by the end of the fourth month of foetal life and remained unchanged throughout the whole person's life. The correlation between finger and lip print patterns was studied, where it was carried out on six hundred Upper Egyptians [three hundred males and three hundred females,]. Fingerprints were taken by the inked method, whereas, lip prints were taken by two methods; smearing lips with lip-stick and photography by close up camera to focus on lips only. The present work showed that, the complex fingerprint patterns tend to occur in the individuals who have complex up print patterns and the simple fingerprints tend to occur in the individuals who have simple lip print patterns. Furthermore, the complex patterns in one hand are present in the individuals who have complex patterns in the other hand, and the simple patterns in one hand are present in the individuals who have simple patterns in the other hand. In conclusion, the results of the present work may participate in the fields of forensic medicine as a method of personal identification, anthropology and the studies of the genetic diseases

Stereologucal and histological studies on the effect of nicotine administration and its withdrawal on the interstitial tissue of the albino rat testis

The present study was carried out to gain more insight on the effect of nicotine on interstitial tissue and the process of spermatogenesis. Also, the possible reversibility of nicotine effects was studied. Different stereological techniques were employed in a trail of precise assessment of its effects on male fertility. The testes were subjected to light and electron microscopic examinations. The testes of nicotine treated animals reveled remarkable degenerative changes in the interstitial cells of Leydig. The interstitial tissue appeared expanded around the atretic seminiferous tubules, with appearance of interstitial odema, increased number of fibroblastic cells and thickening in the wall of the blood vessels. The ultrastructure of interstitial cell of Leydig declared the drastic effect of nicotine upon this cell. The nucleus appeared dense and irregular in shape. Its chromatin texture was disrupted with distorted outline, which might be interrupted at certain areas. The cytoplasm showed accumulation of lipid droplets, lysosomes, dilated smooth endoplasmic reticulum and damaged mitochondria. The nicotine treated animals revealed an increased volume proportion of the interstitial tissue. Leydig cells nuclei exhibited a significant increase in their nuclear diameter and also in nuclear surface area/total cell surface area. On rehabilitation, the picture appeared to be improved in all histological and stereological parameters to become more or less similar to the control. The ultrastructural study of Leydig cells demonstrated a marked degree of recovery in their nuclear and cytoplasmic features. Also, all the stereological pameters revealed a great improvement

study on postnatal development and ageing changes of red nucleus in the albino rat

The red nucleus is one of the most important structures in the midbrain tegmentum. It plays an important role in the control of motor activities. The aim of the present work is to demonstrate the structure of the red nucleus and the characteristics of its constituent neurons during the various stages of postnatal development, it also includes the study of the ageing effect on the features of its cells. In this work, a total number of 40 albino rats was used. The following postnatal age groups of animals were studied; newly born, seven days, fifteen days and three months old [adult rats] in addition to the aged group of animals [two years old rats]. Animals were sacrificed and the midbrain region was dissected. In each age group, three midbrain specimens were processed to be studied by Einarson's Gallocyanin stain and another three specimens were processed to be studied by Golgicox method. The ultrastructural study for the cells of the red nucleus was done by transmission electron microscope. By using Gallocyanin stain, the red nucleus appeared as a circumscribed mass of cells. The caudal magnocellular part was composed mainly of large neurons and few medium and small sized neurons. The rostral parvocellular part consisted mainly of medium and small sized neurons. The cellular content of Nissl granules increased gradually from the newly born age up to the adult stage. In the aged group of animals, the cells of the red nucleus appeared to be lightly stained as compared to the adult animals indicating loss of Nissl granules. Golgi stain revealed that the caudal magnocellular part of the red nucleus was formed of different types of cells [multipolar, pyramidal and fusiform cells]. Their nerve processes showed gradual increase in the length and branching with the progress of age up to the adult stage. In the aged group of animals, these neurons showed a decrease in the extension of the nerve processes as compared to the adult group. The ultrastructural study of the caudal magnocellular part of the red nucleus in the adult animals revealed that the large neurons were characterized by the presence of rounded nucleus while the medium sized neurons had an invaginated nucleus. The cytoplasm of these cells was rich with ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Several types of axosomatic synaptic terminals appeared to be present. In the aged animals, the ultrastructural study of these cells showed marked decrease in the amount of ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum as compared to the adult animals. There was also accumulation of lipofuscin granules in their cytoplasm. It was concluded from this study that during the development of the red nucleus, its constituent neurons showed a progressive increase in their content of Nissil granules from the newly born age up to the adult stage. Their nerve processes also showed increase in the extension and branching. The wide variety of synaptic terminals with rubral neurons indicated the presence of several sources involved in the integration of descending motor information. In the aged animals, the rubral neurons showed several degenerative changes that could lead to impairment of motor activities

anatomic variations of the arterial supply of the human heart [Right or Left coronary artery dominance an angiographic study]

This study was done on a total of 149 cases [120 males and 29 females] of different ages ranging from 20 to 72 years. The results were statistically analyzed and it was found that the dominance of the coronary arteries is mainly right in either males or females. The majority of cases were found to be in the age group 40-60 years. Also, significant statistical differences were found in the age groups 20-40 and 40-60 years; whereas, there were no significant statistical differences in the age group above 60 years