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1.
Tropical Biomedicine ; : 152-159, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1006586

RESUMO

@#Antibiotics which once a boon in medicine and saved millions of lives are now facing an ever-growing menace of antibacterial resistance, which desperately needs new antibacterial drugs which are innovative in chemistry and mode of action. For many years, the world has turned to natural plants with antibacterial properties to combat antibiotic resistance. On that basis, we aimed to identify plants with antibacterial and antibiotic potentiating properties. Seventeen different extracts of 3 plants namely Burkillanthus malaccensis, Diospyros hasseltii and Cleisthanthus bracteosus were tested against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Antibacterial activity of hexane, methanol and chloroform extracts of bark, seed, fruit, flesh and leaves from these plants were tested using, disk diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. Antibiotic potentiating capabilities were tested using time-kill assay. B. malaccensis fruit chloroform extract showed the biggest zone of inhibition against MRSA (13.00±0.0 mm) but C. bracteosus bark methanol extract showed the biggest inhibition zone against MSSA (15.33±0.6 mm). Interestingly, bark methanol extract of C. bracteosus was active against MRSA (8.7±0.6 mm), MSSA (7.7±0.6 mm) (Gram-positive) and A. baumannii (7.7±0.6 mm) (Gram-negative). Overall, the leaf methanol and bark methanol extract of C. bracteosus warrants further investigation such as compound isolation and mechanism of action for validating its therapeutic use as antibiotic potentiator importantly against MRSA and A. baumannii.

2.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2016 Apr-June; 34(2): 256-257
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-176608
4.
Artigo em Francês | AIM | ID: biblio-1263963

RESUMO

Objectif : Rappeler les principales caracteristiques etiopathogeniques des stenoses tracheales post-intubation; preciser le bilan preoperatoire et discuter les differentes modalites therapeutiques. Materiel et methodes : Notre travail porte sur une etude retrospective de vingt huit stenoses tracheales cicatricielles traitees de 1987 a 2003 au service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale du CHU Farhat Hached de Sousse. Resultats : Elles sont toutes acquises; secondaires a une intubation et/ou a une tracheotomie. Les resultats de notre travail montrent le role primordial du traitement medical et endoscopique. Cependant; le meilleur traitement des stenoses tracheales reste le traitement chirurgical base sur la resection anastomose tracheale dont on a precise les indications et evalue les resultats; juges bons avec 89de cas favorables. Conclusion : Nos resultats montrent que le traitement endoscopique des STPI peut etre considere comme un traitement de premiere ligne. Les stenoses complexes et resistantes au traitement endoscopique relevent d'un traitement chirurgical


Assuntos
Intubação Intratraqueal , Estenose Traqueal , Traqueotomia
5.
Artigo em Francês | AIM | ID: biblio-1263977

RESUMO

Introduction : Les tumeurs parotidiennes de l'enfant sont rares. Plusieurs types histologiques peuvent etre rencontres et rappellent souvent ceux de l'adulte. But : Analyser les particularites epidemiologiques; cliniques et therapeutiques des tumeurs parotidiennes chez l'enfant. Materiel et methodes : Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective; portant sur 13 observations de tumeurs parotidiennes de l'enfant colligees sur une periode de 23 ans de Janvier 1985 a Decembre 2007. Resultats : Nos malades se repartissaient en 8 filles et 5 garcons. L'age moyen etait de 11 ans. Notre serie avait comporte 12 cas (92;3) de tumeurs benignes et un cas (7;7) de tumeur maligne. Tous nos malades ont eu un traitement chirurgical. L'examen histologique definitif a conclu a un adenome pleomorphe dans 5 cas; un oncocytome dans un cas. Deux malades etaient porteurs d'une tumeur vasculaire; un malade d'une tumeur nerveuse; deux de kystes lymphoepitheliaux; un malade d'un kyste hydatique et un patient d'un carcinome mucoepidermoide. L'evolution a ete marquee par l'absence de recidive tumorale avec un recul variant entre 8 mois et 6 ans pour tous nos malades. Conclusion : Bien que les tumefactions parotidiennes soient rares chez l'enfant; elles representent une grande variete de diagnostics histologiques y compris des tumeurs malignes


Assuntos
Neoplasias Parotídeas , Neoplasias Parotídeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Parotídeas/epidemiologia
6.
Artigo em Francês | AIM | ID: biblio-1263979

RESUMO

L'otite externe necrosante est une pathologie grave qui pose de plus en plus de difficultes dans la prise en charge therapeutique. Nous rapportons dans ce travail une observation d'otite externe necrosante compliquee d'une paralysie faciale qui avait resiste au traitement medical et chirurgical bien conduits. L'adjonction de l'oxygenotherapie hyperbare comme traitement complementaire a permis une regression des signes cliniques et une guerison de l'infection. Il s'agissait du premier cas d'otite externe necrosante ayant beneficie en mars 1996 de l'oxygenotherapie hyperbare en Tunisie. A travers cette observation; nous discutons l'indication de l'oxygenotherapie hyperbare dans le traitement de l'otite externe necrosante


Assuntos
Otite Externa , Oxigenoterapia
7.
Artigo em Francês | AIM | ID: biblio-1263981

RESUMO

Objectifs: Rappeler les caracteristiques cliniques; paracliniques; et les modalites therapeutiques adaptees devant des paragangliomes bilateraux. Methodes: Nous rapportons deux observations de paragangliomes bilateraux; l'un tympano-jugulaire bilateral et l'autre cervical (carotidien et vagal); colligees durant une periode de 22 ans (1985-2007). Nos deux patients avaient eu un examen clinique complet un bilan radiologique et biologique. Resultats: Notre premier malade a eu une radiotherapie exclusive; le deuxieme a eu une exerese chirurgicale complete de la tumeur vagale et on a opte pour une surveillance de la tumeur controlaterale. Pour nos deux patients l'evolution etait favorable marquee par une stabilisation tumorale. Conclusion: Les paragangliomes cervico-cephaliques bilateraux sont des formes cliniques rarement observees. Le diagnostic positif repose sur l'imagerie. L'attitude therapeutique n'est pas univoque et doit etre adaptee en fonction du siege de la tumeur et du bilan d'extension locoregional


Assuntos
Relatos de Casos , Paraganglioma/radioterapia , Paraganglioma/cirurgia
9.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2007 Apr; 25(2): 169-70
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-54191

RESUMO

Despite the recent resurgence in reports of invasive Group A Streptococcal (GAS) infections worldwide, it remains a rare cause of pyogenic meningitis both in children and adults. We report a case of fatal GAS meningitis in a healthy adult emphasizing the need for clinicians to be aware of its fulminant course, prompting early diagnosis and treatment. There is also a need to consider postexposure chemoprophylaxis in close contacts of such cases.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Encéfalo/patologia , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/microbiologia , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Masculino , Meningites Bacterianas/microbiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolamento & purificação
10.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2007 Apr; 25(2): 108-14
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-53480

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Ten years retrospective study to evaluate the bacteriological spectrum of community acquired acute bacterial meningitis (CAABM). METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 385 clinically suspected cases of pyogenic meningitis were processed for cell counts, cytospin Gram stain, culture, antigen detection by latex agglutination (LAT) and antibiotic susceptibility test. Eighteen of these CSF samples were also subjected to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detection of pneumococcal DNA. RESULTS: The etiological agent could be identified in 284 (73.8%) of the total 385 cases by culture and/or smear and /or LAT. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the predominant pathogen accounting for 238 (61.8%) cases. Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis accounted for 7 (1.8%) and 4 (1%) cases respectively. Other gram negative bacilli, Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 19 (4.9%), 9 (2.3%) and 7 (1.8%) cases respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the major aetiological agent of CAABM both in adults and children in our set-up. No penicillin resistance was detected among the isolates. Further research should focus on preventable aspects of CAABM, especially pneumococcal vaccines, to help reduce the disease burden.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Antígenos de Bactérias/análise , Bactérias/classificação , Contagem de Células , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/citologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Centros Comunitários de Saúde , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/epidemiologia , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Meningites Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Resistência às Penicilinas , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Estudos Retrospectivos
11.
Artigo em Francês | AIM | ID: biblio-1263973

RESUMO

La mastoïdite masquée (MM) se définit comme un état inflammatoire latent de la muqueuse et de l'os mastoïdien avecun tympan normal. Elle est révélée par une complication généralement endocrânienne. Le traitement est une mastoïdectomie associée à une antibiothérapie intraveineuse.Nous rapportons deux observations de mastoïdites masquées dont le diagnostic a été évoqué par l'examen tomodensitométrique qui a rattaché les complications endocrâniennes à leur origine mastoïdienne. Le but de notre travail est de discuter les circonstances diagnostiques, les investigations paracliniques et le traitementdes mastoïdites masquées


Assuntos
Relatos de Casos , Mastoidite/complicações , Mastoidite/diagnóstico , Mastoidite/terapia , Tunísia
12.
Journal Tunisien d'ORL ; de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale et d'Audiophonologie;2007.
Artigo em Francês | AIM | ID: biblio-1264044

RESUMO

But : Nous illustrons un cas de thrombophlebite du sinus caverneux compliquant une oto-mastoidite. Nous etudions a la lumiere de la litterature les difficultes diagnostiques et l'importance de la mise en oeuvre d'un traitement precoce et adapte afin d'eviter les sequelles ulterieures. Observation : Il s'agit d'un enfant age de 14 ans; qui avait presente une exophtalmie avec oedeme palpebral bilateral et une baisse de l'acuite visuelle d'aggravation progressive au decours d'un episode otitique. L'examen avait objective uneparalysie faciale peripherique droite et a l'otoscopie un tympan droit bombe congestif. La TDM avait mis en evidence une thrombophlebite du sinus caverneux associee a un abces cerebral et a un abces retropharynge avec une oto-mastoidite homolaterale. Le malade a ete traite par une antibiotherapie a large spectre associee a une heparinothe-rapie; avec mastoidectomie droite et drainage de l'abces retro-pharynge. L'evolution a ete marquee par la regression totale de la paralysie faciale; avec repermeabilisation du sinus caverneux et disparition totale de l'abces temporal au controle scannographique. Le patient a garde comme seule sequelle une cecite mono oculaire gauche.Conclusion : La thrombophlebite du sinus caverneux est une affection rare; surtout dans son origine otogene elle doit etre diagnostiquee et traitee le plutot possible; afin de prevenir les sequelles ou d'obtenir la regression de ces dernieres. Le traitement doit associer une antibiotherapie a large spectre; les anticoagulants et un drainage chirurgical approprie du foyer septique


Assuntos
Seio Cavernoso , Tromboflebite
13.
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-112731

RESUMO

In the study carried out from, February, 1996 to January, 1999. 42 (33.9%) a typical variants of S typhi which fermented sucrose were encountered. This variant was identified as of antigenic structure 9, 12, v1, d1 and typed as phage type E1 and Bio type I.


Assuntos
Fermentação , Humanos , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Salmonella typhi/efeitos dos fármacos , Febre Tifoide/etiologia
14.
Indian J Lepr ; 1998 ; 70 Suppl(): 17S-21S
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-54228

RESUMO

In this study, the effect of health education on a sample of 325 absentee leprosy patients was assessed in a leprosy endemic area. About 46% of the absentees from the study group returned to the clinic following health education (HE). HE was more effective amongst those who defaulted in the later part of their treatment sessions. Monthly attendance rate increased from 70%-74% to 72%-91% following HE. Amongst the absentees, 58% were absent due to personal reasons and 8% due to health service related reasons. Personal reasons was the commonest cause for absenting at second pulse. At third pulse it was due to socio-economic reasons. At fourth pulse it was due to service-related reasons. At fifth pulse the commonest reason was disease-related. Health education had proved to be a definite solution to solve the absentee problem.


Assuntos
Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Educação em Saúde , Humanos , Hanseníase/terapia , Masculino
15.
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-111801

RESUMO

Cryptococcal meningitis in a 35-year old male who had a history of chronic alcoholism and sexual promiscuity, is presented here. The patient presented twice, 6 weeks apart, with altered sensorium. On the earlier occasion, CSF examination and CT head scan were entirely normal, while on the second occasion CSF abnormalities were found which led to the diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis. The patient eventually tested positive for HIV by both the ELISA and Western Blot techniques. Diagnostic problems and management difficulties in AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis are discussed.


Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Adulto , Cryptococcus neoformans/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Meningite Criptocócica/diagnóstico
16.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 1994 Aug; 92(8): 266-7
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-103915

RESUMO

A review of postabortal sepsis following a 2-year study undertaken at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SSG Hospital, Baroda is presented here with a view to know the incidence of postabortal sepsis and septic induced abortions and to re-evaluate the effectiveness of the MTP services in reducing its impact on maternal morbidity and mortality, since the implementation of the MTP Act in 1972. It has been observed that postabortal sepsis is a major cause of maternal mortality even now and MCH service is to be improved to reduce the same.


Assuntos
Aborto Criminoso , Aborto Séptico/complicações , Aborto Espontâneo/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Infecções/etiologia , Gravidez
19.
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