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Objective To discuss the views and significance of the "parallel" training mode, and provide a reference for the smooth development of the graduate students' standardized training work. Methods The self-designed questionnaire included rotation/training, clinical skills, scientific research, supporting conditions, and the rationality and prospect of the integrated training mode. We chose the graduate students of professional type classes of Grade 2014 and 2015 in a university affiliated hospital of Kunming, in a secret-based manner , and questionnaires were distributed and collected by stratified sampling and random sampling according to the proportion of 50％ of the total number of them. Excel database was used for data processing and analysis. Results A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed and 167 were recovered with an effective recovery rate of 83.5％. The research items involved in the investigation of the students that were more satisfied with the project were as follows:methods of integrated training mode being more reasonable (85.0％, n=142), improving clinical comprehensive ability (83.2％, n=139), accelerating the development of high-level clinical talents (67.7％, n=113), conducive to unify the clinical practice standards (55.1％, n=92), conducive to employment (48.5％, n=81), saving medical resources (44.3％, n=78). Meanwhile, the survey found that graduate students were not satisfied with the following items: research time (88.0％, n=147), arrangements for plans of rotate conversion (65.8％, n=110), monthly income (89.8％, n=150). Conclusion The integrated training mode can accelerate the development of high-level clinical talents, save medical resources, further improve the medical education system and better improve the clinical com-prehensive ability of medical students. However, it still needs to be further improved in terms of the arrange-ments for plans of rotate conversion of clinical departments, cultivation of scientific research ability, and salary, etc.
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BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet light (UVA) has a close relationship with photoaging, and mitochondrial damage is a basis of coil senescence and death.OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of UVA on the mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid of human skin fibroblasts, in addition, to discuss whether transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) could relieve mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The experiment was performed at Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University from March 2007 to April 2008.MATERIALS: TGF-β1 was purchased from PerProtech Company; rnitochondrial DNA 4 977 bp primer was synthesized by Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology & Services Co., Ltd; UVA light was produced by Beijing Optical Instruments Factory; and the ultraviolet radiation meter was provided by Photoelectric Instrument Factory of Beijing Normal University.METHODS: Young adult's fibroblasts were obtained from 12 cases with posthectomy. Then the cells were divided into control,UVA irradiation (30, 60, 90 J/cm~2) groups. The mitochondrial DNA 4 977 bp deletion was detected by semi-quantitative PCR. After that, TGF-β1 with different doses (0.1, 1, 10 βg/L) were used to interfere the cells with UVA 90 J/cm~2 irradiation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: DNA 4 977 bp deletion under different doses cumulative irradiation, as well as the effect of TGF-β1 on mtDNA 4 977bp deletion after irradiates UVA90 J/cm~2 were observed.RESULTS: Mitochondrial DNA 4 977 bp had deleted when irradiated with cumulative dose of 60 J/cm~2 UVA, the deletion was aggravated when the UVA dose arrived at 90 J/cm~2, The absorbance value, PCR electrophoresis and band scanning showed that the deletion of mitochondrial DNA 4 977 bp was reduced after adding TGF-β1 at 2 hours prior to irritation in the large dose (10 μg/L) group. However, the difference between the medium and small dose groups had no obviously significance.CONCLUSION: A certain dose of TGF-β1 (10 μg/L) has protective effect on mtDNA 4 977 bp deletion.