Five new spirosterol saponins from Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus / 中国天然药物

Five new spirostanol saponins (1-5) and seven known compounds (6-12) were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of 75% ethanol extract of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus. The identification and structural elucidation of all the isolates were performed through extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments, HR-ESI-MS data analysis and comparisons with literature values. Antioxidant evaluation showed that compounds 6-11 exhibited certain scavenging effects on ABTS radical, where compounds 6, 7 and 11 had IC50 values of 0.208, 0.057 and 0.014 mg·mL-1, respectively.

Flavonoid compounds improve hippocampal neuro-genesis and cognitive dysfunction in mice / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the improve-ment functions of flavonoid compounds on temozolomide(TMZ)-,aging-or AD model-induced dysregulation of hip-pocampal NSC lineage progression,retardancy of den-dritic spine maturation in new-born neurons,as well as impairment of hippocampal-related learning and memory.METHODS We applied 30-week-old neural stem cell(NSC)specific promoter Nestin-GFP and NestinCreERT2:Rosa26-LSL-tdTomato transgenic mice and 16-week-old AD model 5XFAD transgenic mice,together with hippo-campal microinjection(ih),endogenous fluorescence trac-ing and immunofluorescent staining.RESULTS Both fla-vonoid compound A and its functional derivative flavo-noid compound B dose-dependently improved TMZ-,aging-or AD-induced defects of hippocampal NSC lin-eage progression and the maturation of dendritic spines of newborn neurons,thereby improving hippocampus related learning and memory.CONCLUSION This paper provides a new idea and treatment strategy for the devel-opment of new flavonoids that can promote neurogene-sis for neurodegenerative diseases and aging.

Study of genetic etiology in fetuses with severely short limbs in the first and second trimester using whole exome sequencing / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate pathogenic genes related to the phenotype of fetus with severely short limbs in the first and second trimester by whole exome sequencing (WES). Methods Thirteen fetuses with severely short limbs detected by ultrasonography in the first and second trimester admitted in Chinese PLA General Hospital from September 2016 to June 2018 were collected. All cases were performed induced abortion, 6 of which were carried out karyotype analysis of amniotic fluid at the same time. WES and copy number variations (CNV) were performed on specimens from fetal tissues after labor induction. The suspected pathogenic mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing reactions. Results No abnormal karyotypes or pathological CNV were found. In 10 fetuses, pathogenic or possibly pathogenic mutations were detected in the following genes: COL2A1, FGFR3, COL1A1, COL1A2, DYNC2LI1 and TRIP11, all of which were essential to skeletal development. The diagnostic yield of WES in the fetuses with severe short limbs was 10/13. Conclusions In the first and second trimester, most of the fetuses with extremely short limbs suffer from monogenic diseases. WES is likely to be a valuable diagnostic testing option for the fetuses with severe short limbs.

Application of assistive technology in the field of vein puncture in the treatment of wounds / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the vein puncture assistive technology in the field of insufficient light conditions of auxiliary medical service staff quickly establish vein channel,improve the rescue efficiency and ensure the operational safety of application.Methods The night field training field,simulation of dark light intravenous therapy environment,select a project in Beijing City Corps training forces 429 soldiers as the research object,randomly divided into control group 214 cases,the use of military flashlight for intravenous infusion,215 cases in the observation group using the vein puncture assisted infusion,two group,the establishment of a single one-time successful puncture vein passage time and the incidence of adverse reactions.Results The simulation experiment in the observation group and the control group disposable puncture success rate were 95.8％,75.7％,the average puncture time was (66.38 ± 11.34)s,(89.94 ± 12.38) s,the incidence of adverse reaction were 3.88％,10.49％ The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Venipuncture assistive technology can improve the light environment,the success rate of vein puncture and strong practicability,high safety,wound treatment is suitable for various environments,fill the blank of vein puncture without light conditions,is of great significance to the security of military force.

Study on the efficiency of nursing service and the allocation of human resources in blood collection center based on visiting volume / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To provide scientific basis for evaluating the efficiency of nursing service and reasonable allocation of human resources in blood collection by analyzing the time variation of visiting time in blood collection center. Methods Through the retrospective analysis of 2016 in different seasons and different blood centers working day and different time visits, obtains the variation of visits time;using a queuing analysis to evaluate different visits under the condition of nursing service efficiency and puts forward the scheme of optimal allocation of human resources. Results The blood center visits within one year of the first quarter of the lowest, the second quarter increased significantly, reaching the peak at the third quarter, the fourth quarter is relatively reduced; the work on Monday, Thursday, two or three high, five less;morning visits in different time was significantly higher than that in the afternoon, the morning peak on the 8:00-9:00 and 14:00-15:00 concentration in the afternoon peak; the situation of human resource allocation at this stage of blood centers, visits the peak season of nurse service intensity and low efficiency, the patients waiting for a long time, visits the low peak season, the nurse service intensity was low, idle for a long time, resulting in a waste of resources, quantitative configuration after the nurse service reasonable intensity, high work efficiency, effective treatment time of patients increased. Conclusions According to the law of time variation, the nursing service efficiency can be scientifically analyzed and the nursing manpower should be quantified to provide a scientific basis for hospital management.

Expression of lipoprotein(a)and fibrinogen in different genders of patients with coronary heart disease and its clinical significance / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of lipoprotein(a)and fibrinogen different genders of patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)and its clinical significance.Methods 1 500 patients with CHD in the hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 were selected as the observation group,including 954 males and 546 females.Contemporaneous 500 healthy people with physi-cal examination were selected as the control group,including 329 males and 171 females.The myocardial enzymes,serum lipid,blood coagulation function and various proteins were detected.Results Whether males or females,CK,CKMB,AST,LDH,α-HBDH, TC,TG,LDL-C,Fib,D-D,TT,FDP,LPa,cTnI,MYO and HCY in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group.HDL-C,APTT,INR and PT in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P <0.05 ).Conclusion Whether males or females,the different degrees of abnormal ex-pression of myocardial enzyme spectral indexes,blood lipid indexes,coagulation indexes,apolipoprotein,troponin,myoglobin and ho-mocysteine exist in the patients with CHD.Lipoprotein(a)and fibrinogen have high expression in the CHD patients,which can pro-vide the reliable scientific basis for diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Clinical significance of combined detection of serum NT-proBNP,cTnT and myoglobin in acute myocardial infarction diagnosis / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of combined detection of serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT ) ,N-termi-nal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) and myoglobin(Myo) in acute myocardial infarction diagnosis .Methods 440 pa-tients with main symptoms of acute chest pain were enrolled and divided into AMI group and non-AMI group ,and 220 healthy peo-ple were served as the control group .BECKMAN COULTER Access 2 automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay analyzer was employed to detect their serum NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo concentrations .Results The serum concentrations of NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo of patients with AMI were (3 546 .12 ± 220 .95) pg/mL ,(0 .13 ± 0 .02)μg/L and (88 .12 ± 14 .27)μg/L , respectively ,which were significantly higher than those in non-AMI group and the control group(P<0 .05) .Areas under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic(ROC) of NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo detection were 0 .809 ,0 .851 and 0 .749 ,respec-tively ,and the ROC curve AUC of cTnT detection was markedly higher than that of Myo (P<0 .05) .The sensitivity ,specificity and diagnostic accuracy of combined detection of NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo were 0 .957 ,0 .950 and 0 .948 ,respectively ,which was significantly higher than those in combined detection of any two kinds of indicators (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Combined detection of serum NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo can improve the sensitivity ,specificity and diagnostic accuracy in AMI diagnosis .

The recent research progress of chemistry of marine natural products / 药学学报

Ocean is a unique and excellent resource that provides a diverse array of intriguing natural products. Marine natural products have demonstrated significant and extremely potent biological activities and have captured the attention of natural products chemists in the past few decades. It is increasingly recognized that a wealth of fascinating natural products and novel chemical entities will play a dominant role in the discovery of useful leads for the development of pharmaceutical agents and provide useful probes to lead to breakthroughs in a variety of life-science fields. This article focused on the research progress of chemistry of marine natural products in recent five years.

Plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide and endothelin in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome / 中华消化杂志

Objective It has been known that hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS) is related to the imbalance between vasoconstrictors and vasodilators. The aim of the study is to examine the levels of plasma calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and endothelin(ET) in patients with HPS for exploring their roles in HPS formation. Methods The levels of CGRP and ET were measured by radioimmunoassay in 16 cases of HPS, 30 cases of liver cirrhosis without HPS and 15 normal controls. Results The levels of plasma CGRP ((65?15)pg/ml) and ET((78?21)pg/ml) in 16 cases of HPS were significantly higher than those in liver cirrhosis (CGRP (51?15) pg/ml, ET (60?14) pg/ml) and in healthy controls (CGRP (32?12) pg/ml, ET (36?11) pg/ml) ( P 0.05). Conclusions The increase of plasma CGRP and ET is closely associated with the intrapulmonar vascular dilation of HPS and hypoxemia. The levels of plasma CGRP and ET in liver cirrhosis were significantly higher than those in healthy controls ( P