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Background: However, lindernia species were considered as weeds, they occupy amost important place in the traditional system of medicine used worldwide especially in China.Linderniaceae is a family having high traditional medical summary with less pharmacognostical,phytochemical and biological profile. Objective: This study was designed to identify andcharacterize the phytochemical profile of different crude extracts of newly identified wholeplant Lindernia madayiparense, using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC- MS).Method: Powdered plant material was extracted and evaluated for various in-vitropharmacological activities. Furthermore the potent extracts were analyzed by GC- MS. Results:The obtained Total ion chromatogram of potent extracts revealed the different types of havingsmall and moderate phytochemicals under the classification of alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoidsand phenols in major and minor amount. Conclusions: The study gives a detailed insight aboutthe phytochemical profiles of three crude extracts of Lindernia madayiparense. So thechemical entities found are may be responsible for the pharmacological activities that probablywill act as lead molecules for furthermore drug development process.
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In recent years, there has been an exponential interest in the development of novel drug delivery systems using nanoparticles. Nanoparticles can offer significant advantages over the conventional drug delivery in terms of high stability, high specificity, high drug carrying capacity, ability for controlled release, possibility to use in different route of administration and the capability to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules. This review focuses on classification, methods of preparation, characterisation, application, advantages of nanoparticles and health perspectives.
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The use of extended-release products offers some potential advantages in patient convenience, compliance and therapeutic outcomes. However, the range of drugs for which clinically significant advantages have been shown is limited. Prescribers and pharmacists should be aware of these products and have knowledge of their clinical use in selected patient groups. In some instances, the formulation is probably serving a marketing objective rather than a clinical objective.
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A homologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) for Indian carp (C. catla) gonadotropin (GtH) was developed by using purified Catla GtH and its specific antiserum. In Ouchterlony agar diffusion, antisera raised against purified Catla GtH (cGtH), showed clear crossreaction. Catla-anti GtH (anti-cGtH) did not cross-reacted with Catla TSH enriched fraction. Immunocrossreaction was further confirmed with competitive binding inhibition studies where displacement of radiolabelled cGtH was precisely linear against increasing concentrations of cGtH, hence this was later used as standard curve for RIA. Competitive binding inhibition was also observed with purified murrel GtH, silver carp GtH and Cyprinus GtH, using varied doses. Both murrel and silver carp GtH showed clear parallelism with cGtH, while Cyprinus GtH inhibition slope was less steeper. Mammalian GtHs (hCG, oLH, oFSH), bTSH and bPRL had no crossreaction with anti-cGtH. Radioreceptorassay (RRA) for cGtH was developed by preparing plasma membranes from Catla oocytes. Binding of 125I-cGtH to oocyte plasma membranes showed saturability with high affinity (Ka = 0.11 X 10(13)M-1) and low capacity (17 fmol/mg protein). Displacement of 125I-cGtH in receptorassay by cold cGtH was linear and therefore served as standard curve. The interassay and intrassay variability in RIA was 7.9% and 3% while that of RRA was 5% and 3% respectively. Sensitivity of RIA was in the picogram level whereas it was in nanogram level by RRA. Determination of carp pituitary and serum GtH content by RIA and RRA showed the consistency, precision and validity of these assays. Although RRA was comparatively less sensitive than RIA, it was convenient, quick and less expensive.