RESUMO
Objective: to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers on routine immunization and to study factors for unsatisfactory Polio campaigns
Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Darul Sehat hospital from 1st March 2015 to 31st May 2015. Sampling type was non probability convenience and sample size was 210. Mothers who brought their children for routine immunization or any other illness of their own or their children, and accompanying women with children below the age of five years were included in the study. Women from other than the local areas, those unable to perceive the questions due to any illness or language problem and those who were accompanying a critically ill child, were excluded
Results: "Mandatory for child health" [95%] was the most common reason for complete vaccination while missing vaccination card was the main reason for incomplete vaccination [33%]. Most common reason of polio vaccination refusal was misconception about campaigns [22%]. Two hundred and two [98%] participants indicated that vaccine provided protection from major killer diseases. One hundred and ninety [94%] were in favor of routine immunization. Two hundred and eight [99%] brought a child regularly for routine immunization. Routine polio vaccination coverage was 99.58% while that for National Immunization Days [NID] polio was 87%
Conclusion: majority of participants thought that routine immunization protects children from major killer diseases and Polio campaigns are necessary for eradicating Polio. Majority was in favor of routine immunization and brought children regularly for routine immunization. Misconception about Polio campaigns is the main hurdle in Polio eradication and that is the reason why NID Polio coverage is lacking behind
RESUMO
Objective: To assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of mothers on ARI [Acute Respiratory Tract Infection] in children less than five years of age
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Darul Sehat hospital from 1st December 2014 to 28th February 2015. Mothers[n=335] who were local residents, had at least one child below the age of five years and coming to the hospital for any medical problem along with accompanying women were included. Foreign mothers and/or those having difficulty in perceiving questions were excluded. Language used in the Questionnaire was English which was translated to Urdu for better understanding. Questionnaire was interviewer administered. Researchers and two house physicians took part in questioning the mothers
Results: Total 335 children were studied. Out of 335 children 228[68%] had ARI. Mean age of the children was 20 months +/- 17 SD while mean Birth weight was 2.7 kg +/- 1.8 SD. The most common symptom perceived was cough [n=303, 40%], mostly worsening during winter season [n=255,87%], commonest aggravating factor was dust [n=174,81%], most common complication was Pneumonia [n=135, 83%], and most mothers opted for medical practitioner [n=268,89%] for treatment. Self-medication was practiced by 192[58%] and paracetamol was frequently used medication [n=117,42%]
Conclusion: The study reveals good knowledge of mothers on ARI symptoms, worsening environmental conditions, aggravating factors and complications. Their attitude towards ARI was appropriate with early consultation with qualified medical practitioner. Better literacy rate, has a positive influence on the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of mothers
RESUMO
Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers on the use of ORS in diarrhoea in children
Methods: This cross-sectional KAP study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Dar-ul-Sehat hospital, Karachi from February 2015 to 30 April 2015. Sampling type was non-probability convenience and the sample size was 200. Mothers who were local residents, opted for participation in the study, accompanying children in OPD and ward and also accompanying women having children were included in the study. Mothers unable to understand the language and/or perceive the questions were excluded
Results: The mean age of the mothers was 28.7 +/- 3.7 years. Mean age of the children was 20 +/- 16 months. Socioeconomically 170 [85%] families were earning >Rs. 20,000/month. Most of the fathers and mothers [n=170, 85% and n=128, 64%] had completed graduation. Significant majority of fathers [n=167, 84%] were on job. Regarding mothers 180 [90%] were house wives. Ninety four [47%] of the mothers had correct understanding of diarrhoea while one hundred one [51%] knew about ORS. Significant majority [n=180,90%] thought ORS was good in diarrhoea while one hundred forty one [71%] consulted a doctor. Family members [n=114, 57%] contributed most to the information given on ORS
Conclusion: Majority of the mothers had a correct understanding of diarrhoea, knew about ORS and sought a doctors' advice when the child had diarrhoea. More than eighty percent of the mothers knew how to prepare ORS and thought that ORS was beneficial for diarrhea
RESUMO
To find out relationship between knowledge of Lady Health Worker [LHW] on routine immunization with training on Expanded Program on Immunization [EPI] and years of service. It was a cross sectional study, conducted in Gadap town, Karachi in 2007. Lady health workers working in government set up were included. Out of 200 lady health workers 60 were selected through simple random sampling. Each lady health worker was allocated a number from 1 to 200 on a chit with her name written on that chit. A child from OPD was asked to draw 60 out of 200 chits hence those lady health workers whose names were written on those chits were entered in the study. Questionnaire was "Choose the Correct type" and it was printed in Sindhi as well as in Urdu. Analysis was done by using SPSS version 11. The correct answers about BCG, Polio, DPT, Measles and Hepatitis B were 40/60 [66%], 46/60 [77%], 11/60 [19%], 24/60 [49%] and 22/60 [37%] respectively. For relation between duration of service and knowledge on EPI vaccines the two categories were less than 5 years duration of service and more than 5 years duration of service. The p-value for BCG, Polio, DPT, Measles and Hepatitis B were .003, .001, .000, .023, .092 respectively. Most of the correct answers were about BCG and Polio on account of frequent trainings being imparted on these vaccines by the government to lady health workers. Young Lady Health Workers [with duration of service less than 5 years] gave more correct answers as compared to those lady health workers who were working for more than 5 years