Diente supernumerario retenido en posición invertida: reporte de un caso: revisión de literatura / Tooth supernumerary retained in upside: report of a case: review of literature

Los dientes supernumerarios representan una anomalía del desarrollo caracterizada por un excedente en la formula dental normal, su etiología no se encuentra claramente identificada, sin embargo, entre las reportadas, toma importancia la relacionada con alteraciones durante la fase de inicio y proliferación del desarrollo dental. Epidemiológicamente suele presentarse con mayor frecuencia en maxilar que en mandíbula, mas que hombres que en mujeres y con prevalencia en la dentición permanente. El diagnóstico se lleva acabo básicamente mediante radiografías, sin embargo el método clínico puede ser usado de acuerdo las condiciones bajo las cuales se presente. El tratamiento de elección es la excisión quirúrgica. A continuación se reporta un caso de paciente masculino, de 22 años de edad que asiste a consulta para la eliminación quirúrgica de diente supernumerario a nivel de la mandíbula en zona posteroinferior.

Supernumerary teeth are a development anomaly, characterised by over-abundance of teeth in the regular dental formula. The aetiology hasn't been clearly identified, however, among reported cases, alterations during the initial and proliferation phase of dental growth have been found. Epidemiologically, this anomaly appears more frequently in maxilla, male patients and permanent dentition. Diagnosis is carried out by means of radiographies and clinical examination. The treatment of choice is surgical removal. In the following case report, a 22 year- old- male patient who will have supernumerary teeth surgically removed of left posteroinferior mandibular area.

Micosis superficiales en adultos mayores residentes de la unidad geriátrica “Monseñor Dr. Rafael Arias Blanco” De Juan Griego Estado Nueva Esparta-Venezuela / Superficial mycoses in old people residents of the geriatrical unit “Monseñor Dr. Rafael Arias Blanco” Juan Griego Nueva Esparta state Venezuela

Se evaluó la frecuencia de micosis superficiales en una población de 71 adultos mayores entre 62 y 98 años, de sexo masculino y femenino, residentes de la Unidad Geriátrica, durante el periodo octubre 2005-Febrero 2006, de los cuales 49 presentaron diagnóstico sugestivo. A las muestras obtenidas, se les practicó examen directo con KOH al 10%, se cultivaron en agar Fungobiotic y se incubaron durante 15 días a temperatura ambiente. Las colonias filamentosas se identificaron a través de las características macro y microscópicas, mientras que las levaduras del género Candida por el sistema de identificación API 20 C AUX®. Los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados a través del método de análisis porcentual (%) y la prueba de Chi-cuadrado (c²). Resultaron positivos 40 (81,63%) casos, de los cuales el 82,50% fueron para candidosis cutáneas, siendo la candidosis ungueal la más frecuente, seguido de la tinea unguium (12,50%) y las onicomicosis por hongos no dermatofitos (5,00%). No se detectó ningún caso de pitiriasis versicolor. C. albicans fue el hongo más frecuentemente aislado (64,81%), sobre todo en uñas de pies, seguido de C. parapsilosis (12,96%) y Trichophyton mentagrophytes (5,56%). En la vejez, se observa una alta incidencia de candidosis cutáneas, la cual es favorecida por las condiciones físicas propias del adulto mayor, enfermedades concomitantes, déficit en la inmunidad celular y ciertos factores predisponentes como el ritmo de vida, el uso de calzados cerrados, el clima cálido y la humedad de la región donde se reside.

Determination of vanadium accumulation in onion root cells (Allium cepa L) and its correlation with toxicity

The vanadium is a metal that presents great interest from the toxicological point of view, because of the numerous alterations that can take place in different biological systems. This work evaluated the capacity of vanadium accumulation and its correlation with genotoxic effects in root cells of Allium cepa L. The bulbs were cultivated in renovated filtered water each 24 h, at a temperature of 25 +/- 0.5 degrees C, in darkness and constant aeration. Treatments were carried out under the same experimental conditions, using water solutions of vanadium of 25, 50, 75 and 100 microg/g for 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. A control was carried out where metal solution was substituted by distilled water. After the treatment, the meristems were fixed with alcohol--acetic acid (3:1) and stained according to the technique of Feulge n. The capacity of accumulation was determined by GFAAS. The analysis of the results revealed an accumulation of the metal for all times and concentrations. No correlation was presented among vanadium accumulation, growth and mitotic index; however, positive correlation was given with the induction of chromosomic aberrations. In conclusion, vanadium is able to induce cytotoxic effect in the exposed roots, but only genotoxic effect was correlated with metal accumulation.

DNA injury induced by 5-aminouracil and caffeine in G2 checkpoints path of higher plant cells

This work evaluated the qualitative and quantitative cellular changes induced by treatment with 5-aminouracil (5-AU) and a combination of 5-AU and caffeine in plant cells in relation to DNA damage, repaired damage, and residual damage. As biological material, Allium cepa L. root tips were used, grown in filtered water, in darkness, with aeration at constant temperature of 25°C ± 0.5. Cell populations were synchronized using 5 mM caffeine in order to study the effects of 5-AU and caffeine/5-AU combined treatment on the DNA content and their incidence in the entrance to mitosis. The results showed a delay in the G2 period due to induced DNA damage by the 5-AU and caffeine/5-AU combined treatment, shown by aberrant metaphases, anaphases and telophases. The effect of caffeine in the combined treatment was heightened in spite of lengthening the checkpoints route that retains the cells in G2. The existence of G2 checkpoints was shown in the cell population studied, inducing lesions in the DNA, chromosomic aberrations and cellular instability

Crecimiento, mortalidad y tasa de explotación de Priacanthus arenatus (Perciformes: Priacanthidae), en la pesca de arrastre del nororiente de Venezuela / Growth, mortality and exploitation rate of Priacanthus arenatus (Perciformes: Priacanthidae), in the trawl fisheries from Venezuela's northeast

We analyzed growth, mortality and exploitation rate of Priacanhus arenatus, captured by the shrimp trawling fishery (1989-1996), in northeastern Venezuela. The growth coefficient (K) and the asymptotic length (L8) were estimated by length-frequency data using the Battacharya method and other routines of the FISAT program. Total mortality (Z) and exploitation (E) rates were obtained by length-converted catch curve analysis, based on length-frequency data, and the Berverton and Holt's yield per recruit model, respectively. The mean growth parameters L and K were estimated as 474.7 mm and 0.69 year(-1), respectively. Mean total mortality was 4.03 and the exploitation rate range was 0.70-0.80. Results indicated that the population is overexploited.