Comparison of Attitudes toward Death among Nursing Students from South Korea, Japan and Indonesia / 한국호스피스완화의료학회지

PURPOSE: This study was performed to compare nursing students' attitudes toward death among South Korea, Japan and Indonesia, and to confirm the need for death education in nursing. METHODS: A total of 294 nursing students completed a questionnaire titled as the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (Wong, Recker, Gesser. 1994). Participating students were from two nursing schools in South Korea, two in Japan and one in Indonesia. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including, chi2-test, ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis. RESULTS: The total mean score of the DAP-R for the three countries combined was 3.84+/-0.73. By country, the mean was the highest for Indonesian students (4.32+/-0.71), followed by Korean (3.75+/-0.57) and Japanese (3.56+/-0.70) respectively. In relation to subcategories, Indonesian students showed the highest mean score for death avoidance (3.67+/-1.38) and approach acceptance (5.37+/-1.00). Korean students marked the highest (5.51+/-0.91) in neutral acceptance and Japanese students scored the best (3.63+/-1.46) in escape acceptance. Nursing students who had an experience of caring terminally ill patients tended to be affirmative in approach acceptance (P=0.047). There were significant differences in each of the four subcategories except fear of death among the three countries (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The above results indicate it is necessary to develop education programs based on each country's social and cultural background to help nursing students form desirable attitudes toward death.

Cases Report of Colic Pain of Lithiasis Successfully Treated with Contact Needle Therapy / 日本東洋医学雑誌

Since ancient times, acupuncture and moxibustion have been widely administrated for any emergency case. In this country, they have been endeavored at establishing the harmony between Kampo and Modern medicine. Based on such background, we report two cases of colic pain attack of lithiasis successfully treated with contact needle therapy established by Bunkei Ono.In case one, ureterolithiasis brought colic back pain. Symptoms were improved with satisfaction for one session and the stone discharged via following Kampo-medication.In case two, the patient suffered from colic epigastralgia of choledocholithiasis complicated by severe appetite loss. Although one session successfully extinguished the symptoms, blood chemistry revealed implying signs of cholangitis. A laparotomy with T-tube drainage was performed eventually.These cases pronounced the efficacy of contact needle therapy in the treatment of colic pain and invited deliberate estimation with Modern medicine. The harmony between Kampo and Modern medicine was considered as a prerequisite for clinical practice.