Fisioterapia associada à terapia assistida por animais em criança com paralisia cerebral: estudo de caso / Physical therapy associated with animal assisted therapy in child with cerebral palsy:casestudy

Introdução: A terapia com cães, assim como outros animais utilizados para fins terapêuticos, torna a fisioterapia mais prazerosa e está associada a benefícios na postura e movimento, esquema corporal, coordenação motora e funcionalidade nas atividades da vida diária. Objetivo: Buscou-se investigar o efeito da Terapia Assistida por Animais (TAA) no equilíbrio, funcionalidade e simetria postural de uma criança com Paralisia Cerebral. Métodos: Uma criança de seis anos em intervenção fisioterapêutica baseada na TAA. Para o nível de motricidade fina e grossa, foi utilizado o Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), para as atividades de vida diária, o Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), e para o equilíbrio postural, a Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS). O alinhamento postural foi avaliado por fotogrametria e a análise postural foi realizada por meio do software para avaliação postural (SAPO). Resultados: Houve melhora na funcionalidade, equilíbrio estático e dinâmico, alinhamento corporal no plano coronal, identificando alterações na simetria corporal dos segmentos corporais e plano sagital, com deslocamento dos eixos pescoço, tronco e quadril. Conclusão: A intervenção com o cão teve efeitos positivos nas habilidades funcionais de uma criança com paralisia cerebral, sendo a estratégia terapêutica eficaz no equilíbrio, seja na manutenção da postura e/ou movimento, com maior independência funcional e, portanto, menor necessidade de supervisão.

Guidelines on COVID-19 vaccination in patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases: a Brazilian Society of Rheumatology task force

Abstract Objective: To provide guidelines on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRD) to rheumatologists considering specific scenarios of the daily practice based on the shared-making decision (SMD) process. Methods: A task force was constituted by 24 rheumatologists (panel members), with clinical and research expertise in immunizations and infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients, endorsed by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (BSR), to develop guidelines for COVID-19 vaccination in patients with IMRD. A consensus was built through the Delphi method and involved four rounds of anonymous voting, where five options were used to determine the level of agreement (LOA), based on the Likert Scale: (1) strongly disagree; (2) disagree, (3) neither agree nor disagree (neutral); (4) agree; and (5) strongly agree. Nineteen questions were addressed and discussed via teleconference to formulate the answers. In order to identify the relevant data on COVID-19 vaccines, a search with standardized descriptors and synonyms was performed on September 10th, 2021, of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and LILACS to identify studies of interest. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of nonrandomized studies. Results: All the nineteen questions-answers (Q&A) were approved by the BSR Task Force with more than 80% of panelists voting options 4—agree—and 5—strongly agree—, and a consensus was reached. These Guidelines were focused in SMD on the most appropriate timing for IMRD patients to get vaccinated to reach the adequate covid-19 vaccination response. Conclusion: These guidelines were developed by a BSR Task Force with a high LOA among panelists, based on the literature review of published studies and expert opinion for COVID-19 vaccination in IMRD patients. Noteworthy, in the pandemic period, up to the time of the review and the consensus process for this document, high-quality evidence was scarce. Thus, it is not a substitute for clinical judgment.

Factors associated with hospitalizations for Covid-19 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: data from the Reumacov Brazil registry

Abstract Background: Patients using immunosuppressive drugs may have unfavorable results after infections. However, there is a lack of information regarding COVID 19 in these patients, especially in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with COVID 19 hospitalizations in patients with RA. Methods: This multicenter, prospective cohort study is within the ReumaCoV Brazil registry and included 489 patients with RA. In this context, 269 patients who tested positive for COVID 19 were compared to 220 patients who tested negative for COVID 19 (control group). All patient data were collected from the Research Electronic Data Capture database. Results: The participants were predominantly female (90.6%) with a mean age of 53 ±12 years. Of the patients with COVID 19, 54 (20.1%) required hospitalization. After multiple adjustments, the final regression model showed that heart disease (OR =4.61, 95% CI 1.06-20.02. P < 0.001) and current use of glucocorticoids (OR =20.66, 95% CI 3.09-138. P < 0.002) were the risk factors associated with hospitalization. In addition, anosmia was associated with a lower chance of hospitalization (OR =0.26; 95% CI 0.10-0.67, P < 0.005). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that heart disease and the use of glucocorticoids were associated with a higher number of hospital admissions for COVID 19 in patients with RA. Trial registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR 33YTQC.

Investigação da qualidade de vida dos cuidadores de crianças com paralisia cerebral / Quality of life investigation of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy

Alterações motoras frequentemente estão presentes e se relacionam com o desempenho funcional limitado nas atividades de vida diárias de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral (PC), exigindo a necessidade de ajuda total e/ou parcial de cuidadores, os quais tendem a assumir múltiplas responsabilidades, ocasionando cansaço, isolamento, sobrecarga e estresse. Objetivo: Identificar a qualidade de vida de cuidadores primários de crianças com PC nos centros de reabilitação neurofuncional da Grande Florianópolis/SC. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com cuidadores primários de crianças com PC que frequentam pelo menos um dos centros de reabilitação neurofuncional utilizando os seguintes instrumentos: Short Form Health (SF-36), Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) e a Parte I do Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). Realizou-se análise descritiva, teste Shapiro Wilk e teste de Spearman com nível de significância quando p < 0,005. Resultados: Foram incluídos 32 cuidadores primários de crianças com PC. Observou-se predominância de crianças com PC do tipo quadriparesia espástica, com grave e moderado grau de funcionalidade, segundo o GMFCS (87%) e o MACS (54,4%), respectivamente. Nas atividades de vida diárias, maior comprometimento funcional foi proporcional a maior dependência e, portanto, maior necessidade de auxílio, especialmente relacionado ao autocuidado. Em relação a qualidade de vida, observou-se comprometimento na saúde física e consequentemente a diminuição na inserção social dos cuidadores. Conclusão: O nível de funcionalidade de crianças com PC foi proporcional a sua independência de seu desempenho nas atividades diárias, especialmente relacionado aos aspectos de autocuidado, porém a necessidade de auxílio para locomoção e/ou tarefas manuais não interferiram significativamente na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores. (AU)

Cardiac autonomic function in Chagas disease: a narrative review / Função autonômica cardíaca na doença de Chagas: uma revisão narrativa / Función autonómica cardíaca en la enfermedad de Chagas: una revisión narrativa

Chagas disease (CD) is a severe health problem in countries of Latin America, including Brazil, and is characterised as an acute and chronic infection. CD can affect several organs and cellular tissues, in particular the heart, which can lead to sudden death. This work aimed to review the literature regarding cardiac autonomic function assessed by Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in CD in adult individuals. The search was carried out using the electronic databases PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science between January 2013 and October 2020. A total of 19 articles were found, of which 14 were included in this review. HRV was demonstrated at baseline conditions, physical exercise, and cardiac rehabilitation. Quantifying CD progression assessed by HRV is an effective method to detect changes in the cardiac autonomic nervous system, even in asymptomatic individuals. Physical exercise can improve autonomic function in CD. Further clinical studies are needed to assess the anatomical-functional, metabolic, and immunological parameters associated with CD evaluated by HRV.

A doença de Chagas (DC) é um grave problema de saúde em países da América Latina, incluindo o Brasil, sendo caracterizada como infecção aguda e crônica. A DC pode afetar vários órgãos e tecidos celulares, em particular o coração, podendo levar à morte súbita. O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar a literatura relacionada à função autonômica cardíaca avaliada pela Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca (VFC) na DC em indivíduos adultos. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, SciELO e Web of Science entre o período de janeiro de 2013 a outubro de 2020. Foram encontrados 19 artigos, dos quais 14 foram incluídos nesta revisão. A VFC foi demonstrada em condições basais, exercícios físicos e reabilitação cardíaca. Quantificar a progressão da DC avaliada pela VFC é um método eficaz para detectar alterações no sistema nervoso autônomo cardíaco, mesmo em indivíduos assintomáticos. O exercício físico pode melhorar a função autonômica na DC. Mais estudos clínicos são necessários para avaliar os parâmetros anátomo-funcionais, metabólicos e imunológicos associados à DC e avaliados pela VFC.

La enfermedad de Chagas (EC) es un grave problema de salud que enfrenta los países de América Latina y se caracteriza por ser una infección aguda y crónica. La EC puede afectar varios órganos y tejidos celulares, en particular el corazón, y puede provocar la muerte súbita. El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar la literatura que relaciona la función autónoma cardíaca evaluada por la Variabilidad de la Frecuencia Cardíaca (VFC) en la EC en individuos adultos. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, SciELO y Web of Science desde enero de 2013 hasta octubre de 2020. Se encontraron 19 artículos, de los cuales 14 fueron incluidos en esta revisión. La VFC se ha demostrado en condiciones basales, ejercicio físico y rehabilitación cardíaca. La cuantificación de la progresión de la EC evaluada por la VFC es un método eficaz para detectar cambios en el sistema nervioso autónomo cardíaco, incluso en individuos asintomáticos. El ejercicio físico puede mejorar la función autónoma en la EC. Se necesitan más estudios clínicos para evaluar los parámetros anatómico-funcionales, metabólicos e inmunológicos asociados con la EC y evaluados por la VFC.

Chronic use of hydroxychloroquine did not protect against COVID-19 in a large cohort of patients with rheumatic diseases in Brazil

Abstract Background: There is a lack of information on the role of chronic use of hydroxychloroquine during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Our aim was to compare the occurrence of COVID-19 between rheumatic disease patients on hydroxychloroquine with individuals from the same household not taking the drug during the first 8 weeks of community viral transmission in Brazil. Methods: This baseline cross-sectional analysis is part of a 24-week observational multi-center study involving 22 Brazilian academic outpatient centers. All information regarding COVID-19 symptoms, epidemiological, clinical, and demographic data were recorded on a specific web-based platform using telephone calls from physicians and medical students. COVID-19 was defined according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health (BMH) criteria. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Exact Fisher tests were used for statistical analysis and two binary Final Logistic Regression Model by Wald test were developed using a backward-stepwise method for the presence of COVID-19. Results: From March 29th to May 17st, 2020, a total of 10,443 participants were enrolled, including 5166 (53.9%) rheumatic disease patients, of whom 82.5% had systemic erythematosus lupus, 7.8% rheumatoid arthritis, 3.7% Sjögren's syndrome and 0.8% systemic sclerosis. In total, 1822 (19.1%) participants reported flu symptoms within the 30 days prior to enrollment, of which 3.1% fulfilled the BMH criteria, but with no significant difference between rheumatic disease patients (4.03%) and controls (3.25%). After adjustments for multiple confounders, the main risk factor significantly associated with a COVID-19 diagnosis was lung disease (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.03-2.58); and for rheumatic disease patients were diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (OR 2.8; 95% CI 1.19-6.63) and glucocorticoids above 10 mg/ day (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.31-3.19). In addition, a recent influenza vaccination had a protective effect (OR 0.674; 95% CI 0.46-0.98). Conclusion: Patients with rheumatic disease on hydroxychloroquine presented a similar occurrence of COVID-19 to household cohabitants, suggesting a lack of any protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC; RBR - 9KTWX6).

Brazilian recommendations for the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

Abstract Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a group of chronic inflammatory systemic diseases characterized by axial and/or peripheral joints inflammation, as well as extra-articular manifestations. Over some decades, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been the basis for the pharmacological treatment of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). However, the emergence of the immunobiologic agents brought up the discussion about the role of NSAIDs in the management of these patients. The objective of this guideline is to provide recommendations for the use of NSAIDs for the treatment of axSpA. A panel of experts from the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials for 15 predefined questions. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology to assess the quality of evidence and formulate recommendations were used, and at least 70% agreement of the voting panel was needed. Fourteen recommendations for the use of NSAIDs in the treatment of patients with axSpA were elaborated. The purpose of these recommendations is to support clinicians' decision making, without taking out his/her autonomy when prescribing for an individual patient.(AU)

Long-Term Persistence of Serum-Specific Anti-Chikungunya IgM Antibody - A Case Series of Brazilian Patients

Abstract The persistence of serum-specific anti-chikungunya IgM antibodies (CHIKV-IgM) can vary after chikungunya fever (CHIK) infection. However, the factors related to its production are not yet known. We described a case series drawn up from data collected from 57 patients between 12 and 36 months after the acute phase of CHIK infection in Northeastern Brazil. CHIKV-IgM was detectable in 7/57 (12.3%) patients after 28.3 months of infection. No frequency differences in chronic musculoskeletal manifestations and underlying conditions were detected between patients with or without CHIKV-IgM. CHIKV-IgM was detected for up to 35 months in Brazilian patients after CHIK infection.

The Brazilian Society of Rheumatology guidelines for axial spondyloarthritis - 2019

Abstract Spondyloarthritis is a group of chronic inflammatory systemic diseases characterized by axial and/or peripheral joints inflammation, as well as extra-articular manifestations. The classification axial spondyloarthritis is adopted when the spine and/or the sacroiliac joints are predominantly involved. This version of recommendations replaces the previous guidelines published in May 2013. A systematic literature review was performed, and two hundred thirty-seven studies were selected and used to formulate 29 recommendations answering 15 clinical questions, which were divided into four sections: diagnosis, non-pharmacological therapy, conventional drug therapy and biological therapy. For each recommendation the level of evidence supporting (highest available), the strength grade according to Oxford, and the degree of expert agreement (inter-rater reliability) is informed. These guidelines bring evidence-based information on clinical management of axial SpA patients, including, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Update on the treatment of musculoskeletal manifestations in chikungunya fever: a guideline

Abstract Since the emergence of the chikungunya virus in Brazil in 2014, more than 700,000 cases have been reported throughout the country, corresponding to one-third of all cases reported in the Americas. In addition to its high attack rates, resulting in hundreds of thousands of cases, the disease has high chronicity rates with persistent joint manifestations for more than 3 months, which can spread to more than half of the patients affected in the acute phase. Pain associated with musculoskeletal manifestations, often disabling, has an effect on patients' quality of life at different stages of the disease. Currently, the challenge faced by specialists is identifying the best therapy to be instituted for symptom relief despite the limited number of published intervention studies. In 2016, a multidisciplinary group published pharmacological treatment protocols for pain in patients with chikungunya, which was incorporated into the guidelines for clinical management of the Brazilian Ministry of Health in 2017; in that same year, a consensus was published by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology about diagnosis and treatment. After 5 years of experience with chikungunya epidemics, in 2019, specialists involved in the protocols of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology and Brazilian Ministry of Health prepared an update with the main objective of developing flowcharts for the therapeutic approach of musculoskeletal manifestations in adult patients to enable specialists at different levels of healthcare to spread and apply this guideline in a systematic and simplified manner.

Revisiting hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for patients with chronic immunity-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases

Abstract Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, also known as antimalarial drugs, are widely used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases and have recently become the focus of attention because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Rheumatologists have been using antimalarials to manage patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases for decades. It is an appropriate time to review their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms impact on disease activity and survival of systemic lupus erythematosus patient, including antiplatelet effect, metabolic and lipid benefits. We also discuss possible adverse effects, adding a practical and comprehensive approach to monitoring rheumatic patients during treatment with these drugs.(AU)

Correlação entre intensidade dolorosa e limitação de membro superior em sujeitos com tendinopatia do manguito / Correlation between pain intensity and upper limb limitation in subjects with cuff tendinopathy

INTRODUÇÃO: A Tendinopatia do Manguito Rotador (TMR) acarreta dor e prejuízo na função do ombro, porém não se sabe se ambas na mesma proporção. OBJETIVO: Verificar se a intensidade dolorosa se correlaciona com a função do membro superior em sujeitos com TMR. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional transversal, com 60 indivíduos com TMR. Utilizou-se a Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) para avaliar a dor e o questionário Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) para função do ombro. Para análise dos dados foi realizada estatística descritiva (médias e desvio-padrão, apresentação numérica e percentual) e aplicada a correlação de Spearman utilizando nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: A dor média pela EVA foi de 5,02 (moderada). Verificou-se limitação leve (pontuação média de 34,43) nas 30 questões do questionário DASH. Em relação aos módulos opcionais, no módulo destinado a atletas/músicos, não houve limitação dos sujeitos que praticavam este (média de pontuação de 11,82). No módulo referente ao trabalho houve limitação leve (média de pontuação de 35,38). Houve correlação baixa entre dor e a função do ombro (rs=0,2949; p=0,0222). CONCLUSÃO: Embora os sujeitos com TMR apresentassem dor moderada, a correlação foi fraca entre dor e função do ombro.

INTRODUCTION: Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy (RMR) causes pain and impairment in shoulder function, but it is not known if both in the same proportion. OBJECTIVE: Verify whether pain intensity correlates with upper limb function in subjects with RMR. METHODS: Cross-sectional observational study of 60 individuals with RMR. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to assess pain and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) for shoulder function. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (means and standard deviation, numerical and percentage presentation) were performed and Spearman correlation was applied using a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The average pain by VAS was 5.02 (moderate). Mild limitation (mean score 34.43) was found in the 30 questions of the DASH questionnaire. Regarding the optional modules, in the module intended for athletes/musicians, there was no limitation of the subjects who practiced this (average score of 11.82). In the work module there was a slight limitation (average score 35.38). There was a low correlation between pain and shoulder function (rs=0.2949; p=0.0222). CONCLUSION: Although subjects with RMR had moderate pain, the correlation was weak between pain and shoulder function.

Avaliação fisioterapêutica dos pés e do grau de risco de desenvolvimento de ulcerações em indivíduos diabéticos fisicamente ativos / Physiotherapeutic assessment of feet and risk degree of ulceration in physically active diabetic individuals

Evidências epidemiológicas mostram um aumento do número de indivíduos diabéticos, sendo o Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) correspondente a 90% dos casos. O pé diabético está entre as complicações mais graves e onerosas e pode ser prevenido com estratégias de avaliação e cuidados básicos de saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar, detectar alterações morfofuncionais, classificar o Grau de Risco (GR) em desenvolver ulcerações dos pés de indivíduos diabéticos fisicamente ativos e orientar quanto aos autocuidados com os pés. Métodos: Doze indivíduos com DM2 foram avaliados quanto ao tipo de calçados utilizados; perguntas sobre a presença de ulcerações, dor, fraqueza muscular e outros incômodos nos pés e membros inferiores, condição motora e da sensibilidade dos pés. Resultados: Com relação ao GR de ulceração e amputação, verificou-se que 8% dos indivíduos estão inseridos no GR 0; 8% no GR 1; 25% no GR 2; 25% no GR 3; e 34% já apresentavam ulceração. Conclusão: Apesar da realização de atividade física regular, a grande maioria apresentou ausência de sensibilidade protetora plantar com quatro indivíduos já apresentando ulcerações. Sugerem-se que mais estratégias sejam desenvolvidas no sistema público de saúde para atendimento básico, multidisciplinar e multiprofissional ao diabético. (AU)

Epidemiological evidence shows an increased number of diabetic individuals and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) accounts for 90% of cases. Diabetic foot is among the most serious and costly complications which can be prevented by an assessment strategy and basic health care. Objective: To evaluate and detect morphofunctional changes, to classify the Risk Degree (RD) in developing foot ulcers of physically active diabetic individuals and to guide feet self-care. Methods: Twelve DM2 individuals were assessed based on observations regarding the type of shoes wearing, questions about the presence of ulcerations, pain, muscle weakness and other feet and lower limbs discomforts, plantar feet sensibility and, motor condition. Results: About the RD of ulceration and amputation, we verified that 8% of the individuals were included in the RD 0; 8% in the RD 1; 25% in the RD 2; 25% in the RD 3; and 34% already had ulceration. Conclusion: Despite regular physical activity, most individuals presented loss of protective plantar sensibility with four of them already showing foot ulceration. It is suggested that more strategies should be developed in the public health system for multidisciplinary and multiprofessional basic care for diabetics. (AU)

Avaliação do conhecimento e dos fatores de risco do melanoma cutâneo: visão da fisioterapia preventiva / Assessment of knowledge and risk factors of cutaneous melanoma: view of preventive physical therapy

O melanoma cutâneo é o tipo mais agressivo de câncer de pele por se espalhar pelo corpo rapidamente e por ser de difícil tratamento. Embora seja uma doença fácil de ser detectada na sua fase inicial, pode passar despercebido e quando diagnosticado tardiamente pode resultar em um prognóstico pobre em expectativa de vida. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre o câncer de pele e os fatores de risco para desenvolver câncer de pele (principalmente melanoma). Os indivíduos responderam a um questionário traduzido e validado apresentando nível médio e alto sobre o conhecimento do câncer de pele. 80% dos participantes responderam que têm pele clara, 60% bronzeiam-se intencionalmente, 65% tomam banho de sol em horário inapropriado, 74% ficam com a pele avermelhada após exposição solar, 52% possuem mais de 20 sinais na pele, entretanto 78% não ficam expostos à radiação solar para praticar esportes e o trabalho não exige exposição solar prolongada. Mesmo apresentando conhecimento sobre o câncer de pele, 53,5% apresentaram risco médio para o desenvolvimento do melanoma e 46,5% dos participantes apresentaram risco mínimo. Mais estudos e campanhas abordando a fisioterapia na prevenção do câncer de pele são necessários atuando em conjunto com um grupo de saúde multiprofissional. (AU)

Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer as it spreads throughout the body quickly and can be difficult to treat. While this disease is easily detected in its early stages, it can go unnoticed and when diagnosed late can result in a poor prognosis in life expectancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of skin cancer and the risk factors for developing skin cancer (particularly melanoma). Individuals answered a translated and validated questionnaire presenting medium and high level of knowledge about skin cancer. 80% of respondents have fair skin, 60% tan intentionally 65% sunbathe in inappropriate time, 74% have skin burn after sun exposure, 52% have more than 20 spots on the skin, however 78% are not exposed to sunlight to play sports, and work does not require prolonged sun exposure. Even having some knowledge about skin cancer, 53.5% showed medium risk for developing melanoma and 46.5% of the participants showed minimal risk. More studies and campaigns addressing physiotherapy in the prevention of skin cancer are necessary acting together with a group of multidisciplinary health professionals.(AU)

Brazilian recommendations on the safety and effectiveness of the yellow fever vaccination in patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases

Abstract Background: In Brazil, we are facing an alarming epidemic scenario of Yellow fever (YF), which is reaching the most populous areas of the country in unvaccinated people. Vaccination is the only effective tool to prevent YF. In special situations, such as patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (CIMID), undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, as a higher risk of severe adverse events may occur, assessment of the risk-benefit ratio of the yellow fever vaccine (YFV) should be performed on an individual level. Main body of the abstract: Faced with the scarcity of specific orientation on YFV for this special group of patients, the Brazilian Rheumatology Society (BRS) endorsed a project aiming the development of individualized YFV recommendations for patients with CIMID, guided by questions addressed by both medical professionals and patients, followed an internationally validated methodology (GIN-McMaster Guideline Development). Firstly, a systematic review was carried out and an expert panel formed to take part of the decision process, comprising BRS clinical practitioners, as well as individuals from the Brazilian Dermatology Society (BDS), Brazilian Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Study Group (GEDIIB), and specialists on infectious diseases and vaccination (from Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Immunizations National Societies); in addition, two representatives of patient groups were included as members of the panel. When the quality of the evidence was low or there was a lack of evidence to determine the recommendations, the decisions were based on the expert opinion panel and a Delphi approach was performed. A recommendation was accepted upon achieving ≥80% agreement among the panel, including the patient representatives. As a result, eight recommendations were developed regarding the safety of YFV in patients with CIMID, considering the immunosuppression degree conferred by the treatment used. It was not possible to establish recommendations on the effectiveness of YFV in these patients as there is no consistent evidence to support these recommendations. Conclusion: This paper approaches a real need, assessed by clinicians and patient care groups, to address specific questions on the management of YFV in patients with CIMID living or traveling to YF endemic areas, involving specialists from many areas together with patients, and might have global applicability, contributing to and supporting vaccination practices. We recommended a shared decision-making approach on taking or not the YFV.

Uso de dispositivos de assistência por indivíduo com osteoartrite de mãos / Use of assistive devices by individuals with hands osteoarthritis

[{"text": "Introdução: A osteoartrite de mãos é uma doença articular que acarreta dor, rigidez, deformidade e perda\r\nda mobilidade, gerando grande impacto funcional na vida das pessoas, por tornar as atividades comuns do dia a dia\r\ndifíceis e dolorosas, repercutindo negativamente na sua qualidade de vida. Dispositivos de assistência são estratégias\r\nutilizadas por terapeutas ocupacionais para o tratamento sintomático da osteoartrite de mãos. Objetivo: Identificar e\r\ndescrever dispositivos de assistência indicados para indivíduos com osteoartrite de mãos a partir de uma intervenção\r\ndo terapeuta ocupacional. Método: Estudo observacional, descritivo de corte transversal. Realizado em população\r\ndiagnosticada com Osteaoartrite de mãos, no ambulatório de terapia ocupacional de um hospital referência, no\r\nperíodo de agosto a setembro de 2015. Dezesseis participantes responderam a um questionário semiestruturado\r\nelaborado com enfoque na descrição e frequência de uso dos dispositivos de assistência indicados e ofertados em\r\numa pesquisa mestre. A análise de dados ocorreu por estatística descritiva através de medida de tendência central e\r\ndistribuição de probabilidade. Resultados: Os dispositivos de assistência utilizados no dia a dia dos 16 indivíduos\r\nentrevistados foram adaptadores para o vestir, adaptadores para o banho, descascadores, engrossadores, abridores e\r\ncortadores. Foram incluídos na rotina dos participantes 84% destes dispositivos de assistência com frequência diária,\r\nsemanal e mensal. Conclusão: Os dispositivos de assistência utilizados pela população estudada foram adaptadores\r\npara o vestir, adaptadores para o banho, descascadores, engrossadores, abridores e cortadores.", "_i": "pt"}, {"text": "Introduction: Hands osteoarthritis is a joint disease that causes pain, stiffness, deformity and loss of\r\nmobility. It has huge functional and negative impact on people's quality of life by making the common daily\r\nactivities difficult and painful. Assistive devices are strategies used by occupational therapists for the symptomatic\r\ntreatment hands osteoarthritis. Objective: To identify and describe assistive devices indicated for individuals with\r\nhands osteoarthritis through an Occupational Therapy intervention. Method: Cross-sectional study, conducted on\r\nsubjects diagnosed with hands osteoarthritis in an Occupational Therapy clinic at a reference hospital in the state,\r\nfrom August to September 2015. Sixteen participants answered a researcher-developed semi-structured questionnaire,\r\nfocusing on the description and frequency of use of specified assistive devices. Data were analyzed using descriptive\r\nstatistics through measure of central tendency and probability distribution. Results: The assistive devices used in the\r\ndaily lives of the 16 individuals interviewed were: adapters for dressing, adapters for bathing, peelers, thickeners,\r\njar/bottle openers and cutters. were in the routine of individuals 84% of these assistive devices with a daily, weekly\r\nand monthly frequency. Conclusion: In this study, individuals suffering from hand osteoarthritis used adapters for\r\ndressing, adapters for bathing, thickeners, peelers, jar/bottle openers and cutters as assistive devices.", "_i": "en"}]

Modified pereira suture as an effective option to treat postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony / Sutura de Pereira modificada como uma opção eficaz para tratar a hemorragia causada por atonia uterina

Abstract Nowadays, postpartum hemorrhage is the major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Uterine atony is its main cause; thus, prophylactic measures, as well as medical and surgical fast approaches, have been developed to manage it. The uterine compression sutures are a possible treatment that preserves the uterus and, consequently, the fertility potential. Bearing that in mind, we report two cases of postpartum hemorrhage after caesarean section, successfully treated with a new modification of Pereira suture - longitudinal and transverse uterine sutures were applied after no response was registered to the first-line therapies. Both women recovered, and the postpartum evaluation revealed a normal uterus with an adequate blood supply, suggesting potential fertility, as described in the literature regarding this kind of therapeutic approach.

Resumo Atualmente, a hemorragia pós-parto é a maior causa de morbimortalidadematerna em todo o mundo. Sua principal causa é a atonia uterina, pelo que têm sido instituídas e desenvolvidas medidas profiláticas, bem como tratamentos médicos e cirúrgicos para esta complicação. As suturas uterinas de compressão representam uma possibilidade terapêutica que permite a preservação do útero e, por conseguinte, do potencial fértil. Tendo isso por base, apresentamos dois casos de hemorragia pós-parto após cesariana, que foram tratados com sucesso com uma nova modificação da sutura de Pereira - suturas uterinas longitudinais e transversais foram efetuadas após falha das terapias de primeira linha. Ambas as pacientes se recuperaram, e na reavaliação pós-parto objetivou-se um útero normal com manutenção de uma irrigação adequada, sugerindo a preservação do seu potencial fértil, tal como vem sendo descrito na literatura em relação a este tipo de procedimento.

Investigação da qualidade de vida de mulheres com incontinência urinária / Quality of life of women with urinary incontinence

Investigar a qualidade de vida de mulheres com incontinência urinária. Pesquisa do tipo observacional de caráter transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Aplicou-se uma ficha de anamnese adaptada de Moreno (2009) e Stephenson e O´Connor (2004) para traçar o perfil social e uroginecológico das participantes. A fim de investigar a qualidade de vida em relação às perdas urinárias, foi utilizado o King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) e International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire ­ Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, distribuição de frequência, percentual, média e desvio padrão. Participaram do estudo 44 mulheres com incontinência urinária, com média de idade de 67,1 (±6,1) anos. Observou-se que a qualidade de vida em relação às perdas urinárias foi considerada de fraca a moderada. Partindo-se do pressuposto que o KHQ não possui uma pontuação geral (os índices variam de 0 a 100), quanto mais próxima a pontuação de 100, pior o desempenho para aquele domínio em específico. Em relação ao questionário ICIQ-SF, o impacto da incontinência urinária apontou que a média foi de 8,79, classificado como grave, sendo que a maioria, 43%, apresentou uma pontuação muito grave. Os dois instrumentos distintos (ICQ-SF e KHQ) apresentaram valores diferentes sobre análise da qualidade de vida das mulheres pesquisadas, porém ambos remetem algum impacto negativo sobre a qualidade de vida.

Investigate the quality of life in women with urinary incontinence using two instruments. Observational and transversal study, with a quantitative approach. An anamnesis form was applied, which was adapted from Moreno (2009) and Stephenson and O'Connor (2004) to trace the social and urogynecological profile of participants. In order to investigate the quality of life compared to urinary losses, the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) were used. The descriptive statistical analysis used frequency distribution, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The study included 44 women with urinary incontinence, average age of 67.1 ± 6.1 years. The results showed that the quality of life in relation to urinary leakage was considered weak to moderate. Assuming that the KHQ does not have an overall score (index ranges from 0 to 100), the closer to 100, the worst the performance for that specific domain. Regarding the ICIQ-SF questionnaire, the impact of urinary incontinence pointed out an average of 8.79, classified as severe, with the majority, 43%, as very severe. The two different instruments (ICIQ-SF and KHQ) presented different values regarding the analysis on the quality of life of the surveyed women; however, both presented results showing negative impacts on the quality of life.

Avaliação da modulação autonômica cardíaca no processo de enchimento da bexiga em mulheres com incontinência urinária: perspectiva da fisioterapia / Evaluación de la modulación autonómica cardiaca en el proceso de llenado de la vejiga en mujeres con incontinencia urinaria: perspectiva de la fisioterapia / Assessment of cardiac autonomic modulation in the bladder filling process of women with urinary incontinence: the perspective of physiotherapy

RESUMO Comparou-se o comportamento do sistema nervoso autônomo, por meio da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC), durante as fases de enchimento vesical de mulheres com e sem incontinência urinária (IU). Aplicou-se o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form, para autodiagnóstico de IU. Para análise da VFC utilizaram-se registros de eletrocardiograma (ECG), sendo 6 registros durante o enchimento vesical. Para quantificar a VFC utilizaram-se os métodos: domínio do tempo (milissegundos); frequência (Hertz) e medidas não lineares. A estes parâmetros aplicou-se transformação logarítmica (Log). Na comparação de médias de dados normais utilizou-se teste t e para os dados não normais o teste de Mann-Whitney. Participaram 64 mulheres (64,8±6,73 anos), 33 com IU e 31 continentes. A variável logaritmo da razão dos componentes LF e HF (LogLH/HF) foi significativamente maior (p<0,05) no grupo continente em todos os momentos do enchimento vesical. A capacidade volumétrica vesical foi significativamente maior nas mulheres continentes (p=0,0015). A análise no domínio da frequência demonstrou redução da função simpática e aumento do parassimpático nas mulheres incontinentes. As mulheres continentes apresentaram melhor balanço autonômico durante todo processo de enchimento vesical, em comparação às incontinentes. A redução da função simpática, bem como o aumento da função parassimpática nas incontinentes, pôde ser reportada para uma diminuição da capacidade de relaxamento do detrusor e um aumento das contrações, ainda na fase de enchimento vesical, ambos associados à IU.

RESUMEN Se comparó el comportamiento del sistema nervioso autónomo, a través de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC), durante las fases de llenado vesical de mujeres con y sin incontinencia urinaria (IU). Se aplicó el International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form, para autodiagnóstico de IU. Para el análisis de la VFC se utilizaron registros de electrocardiograma (ECG), considerándose 6 registros durante el llenado vesical. Para cuantificar la VFC se utilizaron los métodos: dominio del tiempo (milisegundos); frecuencia (Hertz) y medidas no lineales. A estos parámetros se aplicó la transformación logarítmica (Log). En la comparación de promedios de datos normales se utilizó la prueba t y para los datos no normales la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Participaron 64 mujeres (64.8±6.73 años), 33 con IU y 31 continentes. La variable logaritmo de la razón de los componentes LF y HF (LogLH/HF) ha sido significativamente mayor (p<0.05) en el grupo continente en todos los momentos del llenado vesical. La capacidad volumétrica vesical ha sido significativamente mayor en las mujeres continentes (p=0.0015). El análisis en el dominio de la frecuencia demostró reducción de la función simpática y aumento del parasimpático en las mujeres incontinentes. Las mujeres continentes presentaron mejor balance autonómico durante todo el proceso de llenado vesical, en comparación a las incontinentes. La reducción de la función simpática, así como el aumento de la función parasimpática en las incontinentes, pudo ser reportada para una disminución de la capacidad de relajación del detrusor y un aumento de las contracciones, aún en la fase de llenado vesical, ambos asociados a la IU.

ABSTRACT The behavior of the Autonomic Nervous System, through Heart Rate Variability (HRV), during the bladder filling phases of women with and without urinary incontinence (UI) was compared. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form was applied for UI self-diagnosis. For the HRV analysis, electrocardiogram (ECG) records were used, 6 of them were recorded during bladder filling. To quantify HRV, the following methods were used: time domain (milliseconds); frequency (Hertz) and non-linear measurements. Logarithmic transformation (Log) was applied to these parameters. In the comparison of normal data means, the t-test was applied and the Mann-Whitney test was applied for the non-normal data. The participants consisted of 64 women (64.8±6.73 years), 33 with UI and 31 without. The logarithm of the LF and HF ratio (LogLH/HF) was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the continent group at all phases of the bladder filling. Bladder volumetric capacity was significantly higher in the continent women (p=0.0015). Frequency analysis demonstrated a reduction in sympathetic function and an increase in parasympathetic function in incontinent women. The continent women presented better autonomic balance, during the whole process of bladder filling compared to incontinent ones. The reduction of sympathetic function as well as the increase of the parasympathetic function in the incontinent women could be reported for a decrease of the detrusor relaxation capacity and an increase of the contractions, still in the bladder filling phase, both associated with UI.