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Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 66(3): 234-240, may.-jun. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-701086

RESUMO

Introducción. En México, desde 1984, la Ley General de Salud prohíbe la venta de cigarrillos a menores de edad. A pesar de ello, encuestas recientes realizadas en México muestran una prevalencia de tabaquismo en adolescentes que oscila entre 13 y 28%. Métodos. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 10 regiones en la ciudad de Tijuana, Baja California. En cada zona fueron elegidos 15 negocios que vendían cigarrillos; se formaron 4 equipos para los intentos de compra, cada uno incluyendo un menor de edad (14-17 años de edad). Resultados. De 150 intentos de compra, 99 (66%) tuvieron éxito; estos intentos fueron significativamente más exitosos cuando el menor era mujer, si el expendedor no preguntaba edad o pedía identificación, y no había letreros que prohibían la venta de cigarrillos a menores. En regresión logística, sólo la presencia de carteles prohibiendo la venta a menores y la petición del documento de identificación al menor se asociaron significativamente con un intento fallido de compra. Conclusiones. Poner señalamientos prohibiendo la venta de cigarrillos a menores y que el expendedor pida un documento de identificación, constituyen medidas sencillas y de muy bajo costo que pudieran reducir de manera significativa la venta de cigarrillos a menores en nuestra ciudad.


Introduction. In Mexico, since 1984, the General Health Law prohibits the sale of tobacco products to minors. Nonetheless, recent surveys conducted in several Mexican cities report a prevalence of between 13 and 28% among high school students. Methods. Ten zones from the city of Tijuana, Mexico in the state of Baja California were randomly selected from the city map. In each zone, 15 tobacco-selling businesses were then chosen. Four teams were created for the cigarette purchase attempts, each including one minor (14-17 years of age). Results. A total of 150 purchase attempts were made. Ninety nine were successful (66%). Attempts were significantly more frequently successful when the minor was a female, when the clerk did not ask for the minor's age or ID and when there were no signs prohibiting cigarette sales to minors in the store. In a logistic regression analysis, only the request for ID by the clerk and the clerk asking for the minor's age were significantly associated with an unsuccessful purchase attempt. Conclusions. Two simple policies -the posting of signs prohibiting cigarette sale to minors and the store clerk asking for valid ID- could significantly reduce the sale of cigarettes to minors in the city of Tijuana, Mexico.

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