University student health survey

Objective: To evaluate the lifestyle of students at the University of Bahrain and to determine the prevalence of diseases and behavioral risk factors

Design: A Cross-Sectional Study

Setting: University of Bahrain, Bahrain

Method: Nine hundred sixty-six students enrolled in the academic year 2011/2012 from all educational levels seeking bachelor degree at the University of Bahrain were included in the study

Result: Two hundred and thirty-eight [24.6%] males and 728 [75.4%] females were included in the study. The participants' age ranged between 18 and 21 years. Five hundred and twenty-four [54.2%] students had normal weight, 192 [19.9%] were overweight and 133 [13.8%] were obese. Eight hundred two [83%] presented with normal waist/hip ratio [WHR]. Eighty-three [34.9%] males and 81 [11.1%] females presented with central obesity. Seven [0.7%] students had high blood sugar level. Nine [3.8%] males presented with systolic blood pressure [SBP] >140 mmHg and 5 [0.7%] females presented with SBP >140 mmHg. Three hundred twenty-six [44.8%] females had anemia compared to 78 [32.8%] males. Four [1.7%] males were diabetic compared to 7 [1%] females. Five hundred and fifty-four [57.3%] students reported physical activity for thirty or more minutes/day. One hundred six [44.5%] males and 36 [4.9%] females were smokers. Two hundred twenty-nine [31.5%] females have checked their blood sugar level during the past 12 months and only 47 [19.7%] males did

Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of providing periodic measurements of diabetes as well as the importance of early detection of diseases and health risks. In addition, the importance of participating in regular physical activities as a prevention measure from diseases associated with a sedentary lifestyle

The effect of progesterone and 17-β estradiol on membrane-bound HLA-G in adipose derived stem cells

Membrane-bound HLA-G (mHLA-G) discovery on adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) as a tolerogenic and immunosuppressive molecule was very important. Many documents have shown that HLA-G expression can be controlled via some hormones such as progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2). Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate progesterone and estradiol effects on mHLA-G in ADSCs at restricted and combination concentrations. Three independent cell lines were cultured in complete free phenol red DMEM and subcultured to achieve suffi cient cells. These cells were treated with P4, E2 and P4 plus E2 at physiologic and pregnancy concentrations for 3 days in cell culture conditions. The HLA-G positive ADSCs was measured via monoclonal anti HLA-G-FITC/MEMG-09 by means of flow cytometry in nine groups. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests. There were no signifi cant values of the mean percentage of HLA-G positive cells in E2-treated and the combination of P4 plus E2-treated ADSCs compared to control cells (p value>0.05) but P4 had a signifi cant increase on mHLA-G in ADSCs (p value<0.05). High P4 concentration increased mHLA-G but E2 and the combination of P4 plus E2 could not change mHLA-G on ADSCs.

Two cases of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis with different culprit foods

Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis [FDEIA] is one of the severe allergic reactions in which symptoms develop only if exercise takes place within a few hours of eating a specific food. It is important to consider FDEIA in cases of unexplained anaphylaxis as reactions can occur several hours after ingesting the culprit food [s]. We herein report the first two cases of FDEIA in the Middle East. The first one is induced by wheat, while the other by peanut. The pathophysiology, predisposing factors, diagnosis, and treatment of FDEIA are also summarized here

Endodontic management of a severely curved mandibular second molar with modified double flared technique, report of a case

Exaggerated curvatures of root canals have historically been difficult to treat. The present case report deals with one such case. A 40 year old male presented with signs and symptoms of pulpal pathosis in right lower second molar. Pre operative radiograph revealed an exaggerated curvature of mesial roots. The case was treated with ISO standerdized NiTi manual files using the modified double flared technique. Patient came back for a recall visit after a year and was symptomless