[Study of protective effects of Avicenniamarina hydroethanolic leaf extract [AME] on blood parameters in male rats induced with carbon tetrachloride [CCl4]]

Background: Carbon tetrachloride is one of the chemical toxins, disturbing hematopoietic texture and changing the blood parameters. In this study the protective effect of Mangrove, s leaf extract on hematopoietic texture of rats induced by carbon tetrachloride is investigated

Methods: 42 male rats were divided randomly into 6 groups [n=7]: group induced by CCl4 [carbon tetrachloride 1:1 with olive oil,0.5ml single dose, i,p], sham[taking olive oil, 0.5ml/day, i,p single dose], treated groups: [1,2 and3 by carbon tetrachloride 1:1 with olive oil,0.5ml single dose and 200mg/Kg, 400mg/Kg and 800mg/kg AME /day for 96 hrs, i,p] and control [taking normal saline,0.5ml/day, i,p]. After the examination the blood samples were collected from heart directly and blood parameters such as RBC, WBC, Pl, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Hb, Hct, Albumin, bilirubin and total protein separation of serum were analyzed

Results: The necrotic hematopoietic texture, WBC, Platelets, serum Albumin and total protein of the treatment groups showed a significant increase rather than group induced by ccl4 [P<0.001]

Conclusion: The Avicennia marinahydroethanolic extract has antioxidant and flavonoids compounds which probably have protective effects on hematopoietic texture from toxic agents such as CCl4

[ study of the protective effect of Avicennia marina leaf hydro-alcoholic extract on spermatogenesis and the serum level of testosterone and LHandFSH in male rats induced with carbon tetra chloride]

Background: poisoning with tetra carbon chloride produces free radicals in the body tissues including testes. In this research the protective effect of Avicennia marina leaf extract on the rat's spermatogenesis and the serum level of testosterone and LHandFSH induced with carbon tetra chloride are studied

Methods: in this experimental study, 42 rats were divided into six groups including control group [receiving saline normal]. sham [ receiving olive oil], group induced by CC4[ receiving 2mVkg carbon tetra chloride with 1:l .percent and olive oil featured as single dose], and experiment groups 1,2, and 3[receiving 2rnllkg carbon tetra chloride with 1:l percent and olive oil featured as single dose and the extract with daily dosages of 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg, and 800mgkg]. Two hours after injecting carbon tetra chloride, the extract was injected into peritonea once every 24 hours for 96 hour

Results: the normal and disable sperms in the group induced by CC4 shows a significant reduction [W0.001]. The level of testosterone hormone, FSH and LH in the experiment groups shows a significant increase in comparison to the group induced by ccl, group [P<0.001]

Conclusion: avicennia marina leaf extract has protective effect against toxic effects of carbon tetra chloride because it contains anti-oxidants

[Study of hypericum perforatum hydroethanolic leaf's extract on anemia and serum iron in male rats induced with cyclophosphamide]

Background: Cyclophosphamid is one of the anticancer drugs which cause alkylation on DNA in cells. These drugs reduce blood cells and affect bone marrow tissue. Hpericum perforatum [HP] is a medicinal plant which its hem opoetic effects on bone marrow function and blood parameter were investigated in this study

Methods: The 42 male Wistar rats with 220-250 gr body weight were divided in 6 groups randomly [n=7]: control group, treated group by cyclophosphamide [15mg/kg, i.p], treated with HP, and treated groups [cyclophosphamide 15mg/kg, i.p, +100 mg/kg HP, cyclophosphamide 15mg/kg, i.p, +200 mg/kg HP and cyclophosphamide 15mg/kg, i.p, +400 mg/kg HP]. After the examination the blood samples were collected from heart directly and analyzed for RBC, HCT and Hb and Fe. Statistical analysis Results of this study were performed using SPSS statistical software, All data were expressed as mean SEM and differences were considered statistically significant with P<0.05

Results: The bone marrow tissue was injured by cyclophosphamide with reduction in number of blood cells and increase blood iron significantly. The extract of HP showed that the treated animals have increase in blood cells and reduced blood iron compared with cyclophosphamide induced group significantly [P<0.001]

Conclusion: The results showed that the extracts of Hypericum perforatum can bone marrow protect against the deleterious effects of Cyclophosphamide, and the blood parameters and serum iron close to normal levels

Services quality in emergency department of nemazee hospital: using SERVQUAL model

Introduction: Patient satisfaction is crucial to the long-run success in health care center. With regard to the highest patients' referral to the emergency department and the existing challenges due to the patient s need to urgent care, we aimed to evaluate health care services quality in this unit to find out whether the patients have different expectations from health care providers and if they perceive some dimensions of care more important than others

Method: The SERVQUAL scale method was used in this cross-sectional study on 100 patients in June 2015. Patient satisfaction questionnaire based on SERVQUAL model was evaluated with high content validity and the reliability was 0.97 and 0.81

The data collected were analyzed using SPSS, version 20.0 [IBM, USA]. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, paired and independence sample t-test and ANOVA at the significance level 0.05

Results-.The results showed that the quality gap in all dimensions was significant [P<0.001]. The largest quality gap was related to responsiveness [-1.08] and the lowest belonged to assurance [-0.8]. Demographic characteristics were analyzed and the number of referrals was significant in tangibility and assurance dimensions [P = 0.04]; also, in all cases the patients' expectations [total Mean=4.35] were higher than their perception [total Mean = 3.295]

Conclusion: In order to improve emergency services, it is recommended that the hospital management should provide appropriate facilities, reduce waiting time, increase in attention to ordering system based on the patients' condition, and improve the behavior of health care personnel to patient is placed on the agenda of hospital management

[Detection of intestinal parasite agents on raw consumed vegetables in Ahvaz]

The prevalence of parasitic disease is one of the major human hygienic problems in more countries especially in developing country such as Iran and it reached as high as 90% in some area of the world. The presence of parasitic disease has also observed in various rates in Iran .The important ways of parasite infection is oral route and raw consumption of vegetable. This research is a descriptive epidemiological study for evaluating vegetable contamination with parasitic agents. In this study, 40 samples of vegetable are collected from farms in four different geographical area around Ahvaz. The sedimentation method was used with anionic detergent as described by FAO method. In this study, nematode eggs 60%, larva of nematodes in the third stage 40%, intestinal protozoan 10%, have been seen. The abandonment of the use of human compost in agriculture Prevention of using of compost human in agriculture, hygienic washing of vegetable in endemic area and teaching principles of public health to people can control parasitic diseases and promote hygiene level of public health