RESUMO
Background: understanding the prevalence of menstrual disorders has important implications for both health service planning and risk factor epidemiology
Objective: the aim of this review is to identify and collate studies describing the prevalence of menstrual disorders in Iran
Materials and Methods: studies with original data related to the prevalence of menstrual disorders were identified via searching six electronic databases and reviewing citations. All abstracts or titles found by the electronic searches were independently scrutinized by two reviewers. The Meta-analysis was performed with a random effects model, considering the remarkable heterogeneity among studies. A total of 35 eligible epidemiological studies were included in this review
Results: overall, the pooled prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea was 73.27% [95% CI=65.12-81.42]. The mean proportion of women with oligomenorrhea was 13.11% [95.5%, 95% CI: 10.04-16.19]. We identified 16 studies that reported polymenorrhoea with a random effect of pooled prevalence estimate of 9.94% [95% CI 7.33%-12.56%]. The prevalence estimate of hypermenorrhea was 12.94% [95% CI 9.31%-16.57%]. Overall prevalence of hypomenorrhea was 5.25% [95% CI 3.20%-7.30%], ranging from 0.9- 12.90%. Pooling six studies that reported estimates for menorrhagia, the overall prevalence was 19.24% [95% CI 12.78-25.69]. Overall, 6.04% [95% CI: 1.99-10.08] of the women were shown to have metrorrhagia
Conclusion: this systematic review suggests that the average prevalence of menstrual disorders in Iran is substantial. It has been neglected as a fundamental problem of women's reproductive health. Diagnosis and treatment of these disorders should be included in the primary health care system of reproductive health
RESUMO
Objectives: Dysmenorrhea is a common complaint in women. Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic disease and is caused by uterine contractions caused by prostaglandins released from the endometrium. Conventional treatments include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral contraceptives. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of zinc supplementation in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea
Methods: Two-hundred participants with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into one of two groups. The intervention group received zinc and mefenamic acid, and the control group received mefenamic acid and a placebo drug. After three months of treatment, changes in the incidence of dysmenorrhea and the degree of pain were measured in both groups
Results: The mean pain score before administration of zinc and mefenamic acid in the intervention group was 5.3 +/- 1.8 and after treatment was 1.2 +/- 1.9 [p < 0.001]. In the control group, the mean pain score before administration of mefenamic acid and placebo was 5.8 +/- 2.1 and after treatment was 2.9 +/- 2.6 [p < 0.001]. The difference in pain levels before and after treatment in the intervention group was 4.1 +/- 2.8, and in the control group was 2.9 +/- 1.7 [p > 0.050]. We also found that 64% of case group and 33% of the control group did not experience dysmenorrhea after treatment [p < 0.001]
Conclusions: The use of a zinc supplement in combination with mefenamic acid was superior in reducing primary dysmenorrhea compared to mefenamic acid alone