Patterns of depression, anxiety symptoms and coping styles among early and late adolescent students

To compare the depression, anxiety symptoms and coping styles among early and late adolescent students. Cross-sectional. Study was carried out at University of the Punjab, Lahore from 17 February to 31[st] August 2010. A purposive sample of 600 students [boys=300; girls=300] was divided into two age groups; early adolescents [13-15 years] and late adolescents [16-18 years]. Participatns were administered beck anxiety inventory, beck depression inventory-II and coping strategies questionnaire. Data was analyzed on SPSS 14 version using independent sample t test. The overall results of the study indicated that early adolescents exhibit more depression and anxiety symptoms as compared to the late adolescents. Morevoer, early and late adolescents each attempt to cope with stressors in a variety of ways as active practical coping styles were more utilized by late adolescents. On the other hand, religious focused and avoidance focused coping styles were mostly used by the early adolescents. Besides, there was no significant group difference on active distractive coping styles. The current study revealed that significant changes during adolescence may affect adaptive processes and have implications for intervention efforts aimed to reduce the negative effects of stress during this period. The findings also suggest early and late adolescents each attempt to cope with stressors in a variety of ways that become more diverse and adaptive with development throuth the adolescent years

Identification of relationship of self image with anxiety and depression among college girls of Lahore, Pakistan

This study aims to identify the relationship of self image with anxiety and depression among college girls of Lahore, Pakistan. A Correlation Research Design. Lahore City, during September 2008 to March 2009. Through purposive sampling, 875 college girls were participated in this study. Offer's Self Image Questionnaire [OSIQ] was used to assess the level of self image and Symptom Check List Revised to assess both anxiety and depression. All the data was collected in groups and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was computed to analyze the results. Results showed that out of a total of eleven subscales of OSIQ there was a strong positive correlation of both anxiety and depression on five subscales: Morals [S5]; Family Relationships [S7] Mastery of External World [S8]; Emotional Health [S10]; Superior Adjustment [Sll]. However, there was a negative relationship of both anxiety and depression with three subscales: Impulse Control [SI]; Emotional Tone [S2]; Body Image [S3], while Social Relationships [S4] found to be negatively related only with anxiety. Moreover, there was no significant relationship of Vocational/ Educational goals [S9] and Idealism [SI 2] with anxiety and depression. In the light of the present findings, preventive educational programs can be designed and introduced in the educational institutions stressing the importance of development of positive self image and focusing upon the development of positive mental health among females

Psychosocial factors associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety following acute myocardial infarction

To study factors associated with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety following acute myocardial infarction [AMI]. This Cross-sectional analytical, non-interventional, hospital based study was carried out at Punjab Institute of Cardiology [P.I.C] and Services Hospital, Lahore. One hundred consecutive inpatients with AMI diagnosed using WHO criteria, with the age range of 30-60 years [who were without physical complications] were included in the study. The Urdu version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] was administered to each patient during the period of 5-7 days following AMI. A semi structured clinical interview was also conducted which included demographic information, psychiatric assessment and risk factors related to AMI especially psychosocial factors. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS]. Out of 100 subjects, 80 [80%] were males and 20 [20%] were females. The age range was between 30-60 years [50.92 +/- 8.53]. Over all, symptoms of depression and/or anxiety were found in 50 [50%] patients. More particularly, symptoms of depression were found in 14%, symptoms of anxiety in 18%, and mixed symptoms [depression and anxiety] in 18% of the patients. A significant association was found between symptoms of depression and/or anxiety following AMI and family history of AMI [p < .007], type A behavior traits [p < .001], job stress [p < .01] and lack of confiding relationships [p < .002]. However, no significant association was found between symptoms of depression and/or anxiety following AMI and past history of AMI. The findings highlight the critical need to assess symptoms of depression and/or anxiety following AMI along with the factors leading to these. This would be particularly important in patients who have a family history of MI, job related stress, lack of confiding relationships and type A behavior traits