RESUMO
Background: Even though there are many programs run by Government to tackle the problem of malnutrition in India, problem of malnutrition is still there. Malnutrition leads to infections and even can lead to death of child in severe cases. The mortality rate is very high compared to other countries. The objective of the study to study validity of age independent various nutritional status indices in comparison to gold standard of weight for ageMethods: Present study was institution based cross sectional study carried out at SDA high school, from January 2019 to July 2019 among 58 school children aged 34-92 months of age. Anthropometric measurements like weight, height, head circumference, chest circumference, mid arm circumference were recorded as per the standard guidelines. Weight for height, weight of age, Kanawati Index, Jeliffe's ratio, Rao index, and Dugdales index was calculated. Gold standard used was weight for age. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for these indices.Results: Majority of the children belonged to 48-60 months and 61-72 months i.e. 29.3% each. Males were more than females. Prevalence of malnutrition was 60.3%, 48.3%, 51.7%, 91.4%, and 56.8% based on weight for age, Kanawati index, Rao index, Jeliffe's ratio and Dugdale's index respectively. Dugdale's index was found to have high sensitivity (85.7%) and specificity (86.9%) compared to all other indices.Conclusions: Among age independent indices of nutritional status available, Dugdales index can be used as it has been found that it has remarkably higher sensitivity and specificity compared to other age independent indices of nutritional status.
RESUMO
Background: Prevention of diseases of the allergic origin depends upon the early identification of aeroallergens. Vaccine for allergy may not be required in all cases. but when treatment is not successful, then there is requirement of the vaccine. Objective of study allergens responsible for inducing recurrent wheezingMethods: A cross sectional observation study was carried out at Departmetn of Pediatric, Shadan Institue of Medical Sciences, Peerancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, India from June 2017 to June 2018 among 100 children with recurrent (4 or more episodes of wheezing in past one year) ages between 2 yrs to 10 yrs. Using the guidelines for skin prick test as per the European committee, the skin prick test was carried out. Insulin syringe was used for the intradermal test. It is done using standardized allergen extracts (Creative Diagnostic Medicare pvt ltd) were done for our cases.Results: Out of 100 children studied, 67 children were found to be sensitive to at least one of the aeroallergen and 33 children were found to be negative for all the aeroallergens. A statistically significant correlation is seen between the age groups and sensitivity (p value 0.025). Out of 67 children with a positive skin prick test, 66 children showed the sensitivity to indoor allergens. The association between the indoor allergens and the wheezing is statistically significant (P value <0.0001)Conclusion: In children the sensitivity to indoor allergens is more prevalent than sensitivity to outdoor allergens. Sensitivity to pollen was found in older children more than 5 years of age.