Análise do padrão de expressão de MMP-2, -9 e -8 em tecido humano pulpar normal e inflamado / Analysis of the expression perfile of MMP-2, -9 and -8 in normal and inflamed human pulp tissue

As metaloproteinases da matriz (MMPs) foram relacionadas a diversas doenças inflamatórias como artrite e também ao câncer. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estabelecer o papel da MMP-2, MMP-9 e MMP-8 no processo de inflamação pulpar. Foram adotadas as seguintes hipóteses nulas: (1) o padrão de expressão das MMP-2, MMP-9 e MMP-8 não sofre alteração nos diferentes estágios da polpa humana: normal, reversível, transição, irreversível ou necrose; (2) não há diferença de expressão das MMP-2, -9 e MMP-8, considerando-se um mesmo estágio de inflamação tecidual pulpar. Os métodos utilizados foram: (I) Obtenção dos espécimes, que foram divididos em grupos de acordo com critérios adotados de semiologia subjetiva e objetiva. Obtiveram-se os seguintes grupos: GI (Controle) dentes hígidos (n=7); GII (Pulpite Reversível n=4); GIII (Pulpite Transição n=4); GIV (Pulpite Irreversível/Necrose n=8). Logo após exodontia, os dentes obtidos foram cortados ligeiramente abaixo da junção amelodentinária e fixados em formol a 10% por 48h. Foram lavados em água corrente (24h) para então serem processados histologicamente. Foram obtidas secções de 4m, aderidas em lâminas silanizadas e submetidas à imunomarcação (Técnica da Peroxidase), utilizando os anticorpos anti MMP-2, MMP-9 e MMP-8 humanos. A presença de imunomarcação foi realizada através da análise semi-quantitativa por escores, sendo que a quantificação de marcação por corte seguiu o seguinte escore: 0= ausente; 1= leve; 2= moderada; 3= intensa. Realizou-se teste estatístico não paramétrico Kruskal-Wallis, p<0,05. As comparações intergrupos revelaram, para CO: (1)MMP-2 - GI=GII=GIII, GIII=GIV, GI>GIV (p<0,01) e GII>GIV (p<0,05); (2)MMP-9 GI=GII=GIV, GII=GIII e GIII>GI (p<0,01); (3)MMP-8 GI=GII=GIII=GIV. Na região central da polpa, obteve-se: (1)MMP-2 GI=GII=GIII, GIII=GIV, GI>GIV (p<0,001) e GII>GIV (p<0,01); (2)MMP-9 GI=GII=GIII, GIII=GIV, GIV>GI (p<0,001) e GIV>GII (p<0,01); (3)MMP-8 GI=GII, GIII=GIV, GIII>GI (p<0,05),...

The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been related to various inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, as well as to cancer. The aim of the present study was to establish the role of MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-8 in the process of dental pulp inflammation. The following null hypotheses were adopted: (1) the pattern of MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-8 expression does not undergo alteration in the following different stages of human pulp: normal, reversible, transition, irreversible or necrosis; (2) there is no difference in the expression of MMP-2, -9 and MMP-8, when considering the same stage of pulp tissue inflammation. The methods used were: (I) Obtainment of specimens, which were divided into groups according to the subjective and objective criteria of semiology adopted. The following groups were obtained: GI (Control) healthy teeth (n=7); GII (Reversible Pulpitis n=4); GIII (Transition Pulpitis n=4); GIV (Irreversible Pulpitis/Necrosis n=8). Soon after extraction the teeth obtained were cut slightly below the amelodentinal junction and fixed in 10% formol for 48h. They were washed under running water (24h) and were histologically processed afterwards. Sections of 4m were obtained, adhered to silanized slides, and submitted to immunomarking (Peroxidase Technique), using human anti MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP- 8 antibodies. The presence of immunomarking was determined through semi-quantitative analysis by scores, and marking by cut was quantified using the following score: 0= absent; 1= slight; 2= moderate; 3= intense. The Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistical test was performed, p<0.05. Intergroup comparisons revealed the following: for CO: (1)MMP-2 - GI=GII=GIII, GIII=GIV, GI>GIV (p<0.01) and GII>GIV (p<0.05); (2)MMP-9 GI=GII=GIV, GII=GIII and GIII>GI (p<0,01); (3)MMP-8 GI=GII=GIII=GIV. In the central region of the pulp, the following results were obtained: (1)MMP-2 GI=GII=GIII, GIII=GIV, GI>GIV (p<0.001) and GII>GIV (p<0.01); (2)MMP-9 GI=GII=GIII, GIII=GIV, GIV>GI...

Comparasion of two minimally invasive methods on the longevity of glass ionomer cement restorations: short-term results of a pilot study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations comparing two minimally invasive methods in permanent teeth after 12 months. Fifty pregnant women (second trimester of pregnancy), mean age 22 ± 5.30 years, were treated by two previously trained operators. The treatment approaches tested were: chemomechanical method (CarisolvTM; MediTeam) and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). A split-mouth study design was used in which the two treatments were randomly placed in 50 matched pairs of permanent teeth. The chemomechanical method (CM) was the test group and the ART was the control group. The treatments were performed in Public Health Centers. The tested restorative material was a high-strength GIC (Ketac Molar; 3M/ESPE). The restorations were placed according to the ART guidelines. Two calibrated independent examiners evaluated the restorations in accordance with ART criteria. The inter-examiner kappa was 0.97. Data were analyzed using 95 percent confidence interval on the binomial distribution and Fisher's exact test at 5 percent significance level. In a 12-month follow-up, 86 percent of the restorations were evaluated. In the test group (CM), 100 percent (CI=93.3-100 percent) of the restorations were considered successful. In the control group (ART) 97.6 percent (CI=87.4-99.9 percent) of the restorations were considered successful and 2.4 percent unsuccessful (marginal defect >0.5 mm). There was no statistically significant difference between the 12-mounth success rate for both groups (Fisher's exact test: P=0.49) and between the two operators (Fisher's exact test: P=1.00). Both minimally invasive methods, chemomechanical method and ART, showed a similar clinical performance after 12 months of follow up.

Estética: critérios para o envolvimento e substituiçäo de estruturas dentárias por materiais restauradores / Aesthetics: criteria for replacing dental structures for restorative materials

Através de uma revisäo em artigos clínicos de divulgaçäo enfocando casos que envolviam estética, foi constatada, em algumas situaçöes, uma abordagem pouco conservativa em relaçäo às estruturas dentárias e circunvizinhas. Percebeu-se que o envolvimento demasiado ou até näo muito precisamente indicado teve como objetivo principal a obtençäo de um resultado estético mais favorável. É entendido que a estética cada vez mais influencia a vida das pessoas, no entanto, é opiniäo dos autores deste artigo que deve haver sempre equilíbrio ao considerar fatores mecânicos, biológicos e estéticos, com o intuito de delinear qualquer tipo de plano de tratamento