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Background: Smoking cessation is the most powerful intervention to modify progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and nicotine dependence is one of the most important determinants of success or failure in smoking cessation. Thus, nicotine dependence status and factors associated with moderate to high nicotine Dependence in patients with COPD needs to be evaluated. Method: A hospital based cross-sectional observational study performed on 50 patients with COPD attending the outpatient department at smoking cessation clinic, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan during 2019-2020. Result: Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that low education status, age 60 yrs., and mild to moderate airflow obstruction were related to moderate to high nicotine dependence. Conclusion: Nicotine dependence does not correlate with smoking amount, but with education level, age, and severity of airflow obstruction. Physicians should provide different strategies of smoking cessation intervention for current smokers with COPD according to their education levels, age, and severity of airflow obstruction.
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Kisspeptin or GPR-54 is a product of KISS 1 gene regulating the production of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing (LH) as well follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Both LH and FSH are important hormones for reproduction in animals as well in humans. The recognition of Kisspeptin has a landmark bearing in reproductive biology. Few recent pilot studies have convincingly proven it to be a promising molecule in treating infertile couples especially those having hypogonadotropic hypogonadism not responding to conventional treatment
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Background: Abdominal tuberculosis is found worldwide although prevalence rates are still highest in the developing countries. The sites of involvement of abdominal tuberculosis are peritoneum, lymph nodes, intestine and solid viscera. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical profile of patients with abdominal tuberculosis, to review the use of diagnostic modalities, both non-invasive and invasive and to study the outcome of management of abdominal tuberculosis.Methods: This is an observational retrospective study of 30 patients with diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis treated at university linked teaching hospital of South Gujarat from August 2015 to November 2017.Results: In our study, disease was found almost equally prevalent in both rural and urban areas affecting mostly lower socio-economical class. The mean age was 34 years (range from 13 to 62); male and female ratio was 2.33:1; the mean hospital stay was 09 days (range from 5 to 48 days). Abdominal pain was present in almost all cases, having chronic pain in 21 patients and acute in 9 patients. There were 05 (16.7%) patients found to be HIV positive in this study. There was mortality of 02 patients post operatively due to sepsis in those patients operated in emergency with peritonitis.Conclusions: Abdominal tuberculosis is prevalent in lower socioeconomic class patients and affects younger male patients more commonly. Most commonly intestinal and mesenteric disease presented with chronic abdominal pain and constitutional symptoms of tuberculosis.
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Background: Diagnosis of celiac disease in children suffering from severe acute malnutrition without duodenal biopsy or HLA typing is a dilemma. The objective of this study was to study the response to gluten free diet in sero-positive Celiac Disease children suffering from severe acute malnutrition in age group 1-5 years.Methods: This prospective, observational, hospital-based study was conducted at MTC of tertiary care medical college hospital of southern Rajasthan from Dec. 2017 to Nov. 2018. Total 110 children with SAM were enrolled and screened for celiac disease on the basis of tissue tTg-IgA/IgG serology. Seropositive cases were kept on gluten free diet for short period of time and observed for the resolution of symptoms and improvement in growth, monitored by anthropometry on discharge and follow up visit.Results: Mean weight gain (gm/kg/day) on follow up was 3.87'3.49 in seropositive and 1.88'3.79 in seronegative cases (P-value<0.05). Mean weight gain was 6.43'3.28gm/kg/day in only tTg-IgA positive and 3.04'2.95 gm/kg/day in only tTg-IgG positive cases (P-value-<0.05). The mean weight gain in strictly gluten free adherent sero-positive cases was 4.89'2.97 gm/kg/day while in gluten free non-adherent patients it was -0.49'1.70 (P-value <0.001). Mean weight gain in probable (tTg-Ig-A <10 times ULN) and presumptive (tTg-IgA >10 times ULN) Celiac disease were 3.44'3.73 and 5.44'3.78, respectively without statically significant difference (P-value >0.05).Conclusions: In situations where facility of duodenal biopsy and or HLA DQ2/DQ8 typing is not available, resolution of symptoms and improvement in growth on gluten free diet confirms the diagnosis of celiac disease.
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Introduction: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is a significant public health concern worldwide. Materials and Methodology: Patients who were admitted at New Civil Hospital, Surat, from December 2014 to June 2015 were analyzed, and substantial recovery is expected to occur within the first 3 months of MTBI, but up to 15% of cases may not have recovered more than a year after injuries. This group typically presents with complex and clinically challenging symptoms with associated psychosocial burden and is often referred to as suffering from the postconcussion syndrome. Results: In the present study, 67 (67%) patients were males and 33 (33%) were females. Most common presenting complaint was loss of consciousness in 54 (54%) patients, followed by vomiting in 32(32%) patients. At the time of 6 months follow-up, most common complaint is headache in 42.8% cases, followed by giddiness in 18.7%, insomnia in 9.9%, and seizure with least common in 2.2% cases. Conclusion: MTBI is a significant health problem due to wide majority of patients. Epidemiology is suggesting that there is a significant increase in incidence of traumatic brain injuries, and almost 75% are of mild variety.