RESUMO
Background and Aim: Hurmonal changes during pregnancy can change many organs of the body such as oral cavity and saliva . The purpose of this study was to compare of calcium, phosphor and total protein and antioxidant levels of pre-pregnancy and each trimester of pregnancy
Materials and Methods: 30 women referring for consultation with gynecologist were selected for this semi-experimental study. Their whole unstimulated saliva was collected at that session and at every trimester. The salivary composition mentioned above was measured by spectrophotometry. Data was analysed by repeated measure test and and paired t-test
Results: There was significant difference in phosphor, protein , total antioxidant level of saliva in pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy [p<0/01],[p= 0/01] respectively. There was no significant difference in salivary calcium rate of pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy .[p=0/08]
Conclusion: During pregnancy the rate of salivary phosphor and total antioxidant was increased. Protein level was decreased but calcium level was not changed
RESUMO
Recently it has been reported, that immunoglobulin Y [IgY] can be used instead of polyclonal antibodies extracted from mammals [IgG] for the purpose of diagnosis and therapy. These antibodies are found to have better properties in terms of specificity and ease of large-scale production. In addition, IgY binds neither to mammalian complement or Fc-receptors nor does it interfere with rheumatoid factors [RF], which has proven to be advantageous in many immunological tests. Proteinase 3 [PR3], a constituent of azurophil granules of neutrophils, is the target antigen for most anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies [c-ANCA] in Wegener granulomatosis [WG]. Capture ELISA was found to be the method of choice in case of c-ANCA determination for the diagnosis and management of WG. However, in this method, the reaction of RF with the Fc portion of IgG in capture ELISA leads to false positive in the assay of c-ANCA and is found to be the most important short-comings of available diagnostic immunochemical tests using mammalian antibodies. To avoid such unwanted interactions, laying hens were inoculated with PR3, and IgY was purified from egg yolk by acidic extraction with chloroform. The aqueous phase was treated with sodium sulphate and the precipitate collected, was dissolved in buffer and was purified using a T-gel chromatography method. The prepared IgY-anti-PR3 was used to set up a capture ELISA. Our results showed that the prepared IgY-anti-PR3 had good titer [lu g/ml in a coating system] and specificity. Hence, IgY based immunoassay would be a useful alternative to mammalian IgG antibody used in PR3 immunoassays