survey on current impression techniques and materials used for complete denture fabrication practiced by private dental practitioners in Sindh

The purpose of the study was to evaluate which impression materials and techniques are used by private dental practitioners for fabrication of complete denture in Sindh, Pakistan

In this cross-sectional study, structured questionnaires consisting of 10 questions regarding complete denture impression materials and techniques was prepared and randomly distributed among 150 dentists in Sindh, Pakistan

The response rate was [85%] in this survey. [78%] practitioners used stock metal tray for primary impressions. The irreversible hydrocolloid was the material of choice for preliminary impression by [76%]. Custom tray for final impression by [89%]. Self cure acrylic resins was the most commonly used material for the custom tray fabrication by [92%] Custom tray was made few days prior to make final impression by [82%]. Close-fitting trays was preferred by [75%]. Mucocompressive technique was the most predominant impression philosophy [77%]. The most common materials of Choice for border molding and final impressions were modeling plastic impression compound [90%] and zinc oxide eugenol paste [89%] respectively

Concerns and issues regarding the non-use of latest impression materials and techniques related to complete denture impressions as well as a lack of understanding of the related concepts of participants were observed

Construction faults associated with complete dentures made by clinical students

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the construction faults associated with complete dentures made by clinical students

Study Design: Descriptive / cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Prosthodontics; Department Institute of Dentistry; Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro from May 2015 to October 2015

Materials and Methods: Total 197 complete denture wearer's patients were recruited in this study. Faults associated with vertical dimension, centric relation, denture base thickness, finishing and polishing were examined and noted in proforma. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 17.0

Results: Out of 197 patients male and female patients were 56.3% and 43.7% respectively. Vertical dimension was found to be high in 82% patients and centric relation was noted 81% as right and 19% as wrong. According to thickness of denture base plate, 80% were thick and 5% were thin denture base. According to finishing and polishing of dentures, 55% dentures were seen with satisfactory results

Conclusion: It is concluded that the most common faults in construction of complete dentures were high vertical dimension, thick denture base plates and finishing and polishing

Intra-operator reliability for the evaluation of the retention of maxillary denture bases constructed through close mouth impression technique

This study was conducted to establish the reliability of the results by three operators for evaluation of retention in maxillary denture bases constructed by closed mouth impression technique. A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Prosthodontics, de, Montmorency College of Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore. The duration of the study was six months. Data was collected, statistical analysis done by SPSS software program and results were tabulated. Fourty otherwise healthy [21 males and 19 females] in an age range of 50-65 years, who visited the Department of Prosthodontics, de, Montmorency College of Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore. New denture wearers, edentulous patients of both genders otherwise healthy were included in the study. Patient suffering from neuromuscular disease, any oral pathology, short primary impressions patient suffering from neuromuscular disease or oral pathology were excluded from the study. After taking consent structured three proformas were filled for every patient. Denture base constructed by closed mouth impression technique was evaluated by three operators in the anterior, right and left canine area using Kapur index.3 Results were analyzed and compared using descriptive statistical analysis protocol. In 73.97% of the results, retention of upper complete denture base constructed through closed mouth technique showed the intra operator reliability. Intra operator reliability was seen among the results showing retention of the upper complete denture base constructed through closed mouth technique

Significance of sonographic characterization and fnac of small size thyroid nodules

The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of various ultrasound characteristics of small size thyroid nodules in the predication of malignancy and the usefulness of ultrasound guided FNAC of these nodules. Experimental / analytic study. This study was carried out at Radiology Department Services Hospital, Lahore from October 2011 to September 2012. This study was conducted on 70 patients, in whom 76 thyroid nodules 4mm to 10mm in size were biopsied. Diagnostic ultrasound was performed with high frequency linear probe for the evaluation of following ultrasound characteristics, internal structure, echogenicity, margins, posterior acoustic shadowing, height to width ratio, halo around the nodules, calcifications and vascular flow on Doppler scan. Each character was correlated with the results of FNAC to determine the accuracy of the feature in the prediction of malignancy. Out of 76 FNACs of 4mm to 10mm size thyroid nodules 8 [10.5%] biopsies did not yield significant cytological specimen. Another 8 [10.5%] specimen were classified as indeterminate so no further analysis was done. The rate of malignancy among nodules on final diagnosis was 20%. The most accurate sonographic features associated with malignancy were posterior acoustic shadowing [88.3%], taller than wider [83%], Halo around the nodule [80%] and calcification [70%]. Small size thyroid nodules are associated with significant risk of malignancy. Certain sonographic characteristics can be used to measure the risk of malignancy. FNAC of these nodules can be safely and accurately performed with high diagnostic rate

Incidence of various kennedy's classes in partially edentulous patients visiting dental OPD Hyderabad/Jamshoro

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of various Kennedy's classes in partially edentulous patients visiting dental OPD Hyderabad/Jamshoro. A Descriptive study was conducted at Department of Prosthodontics, Liaquat University of medical and health sciences Jamshoro/Hyderabad, Sindh from Jan 2013 to June 2013. Three hundred patients who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Detailed Clinical examination of the patients were done and recorded in proforma. Out of 300 patients included in this study 173 were male [57.66%] and 127 patients were female [42.33%]; with male to female ratio of 1.3:1. There was wide variation of age ranging from a minimum of 15 year to 75 years. The mean age was 47 +/- 7.8 years. Clinical examination of patients revealed mostly teeth missing in mandibular arch 180 [60%] patients, while in maxillary arch 120[40%] patients. The most common site of missing teeth in our study was left side in 128[42.66%] cases, followed by right side in 144[38%] cases and anterior site in 58[19.33%] cases. Our study revealed class-I in 97[32.33%] cases, class-II in 47[15.66%] cases, class-III in 99[33%] cases and class-IV in 57[19%]. In conclusion, the partially edentulous condition exists common incidence in the in the mandibular as compared with maxillary arch. Kennedy's Class I and III remains the most common [33% and 32.33%] classification

Effect of relining methods on dimensional accuracy and stability of conventional complete dentures - a literature review

To review the literature in order to evaluate the effect of relining methods on dimension accuracy and stability of conventional complete denture. Review of literature. The literature search was mainly performed through internet. Abstracts and full text of articles published in journals indexed by index Medicus were searched Pubmed. A Google search was also performed to obtain material available at websites of different dental associations. The comparison was made among original research studies, cross sectional surveys, meta analysis, review articles and guidelines in context to the purpose of study. The laboratory reline method has relatively good dimensional stability and strength, but presents a major drawback i.e patient has to be without denture for a certain period of time, on the other hand chairside reline method seems to be convenient and easy and require short working time. Autopolymerising acrylic resins have the potential of causing chemical or thermal burns of the oral mucosa. Autopolymerising direct chairside relining materials have been used widely in clinical setting. The Direct chairside method is advisable as it presents the least gap at posterior palatal seal area. However chairside relines are technique sensitive and require experience

Management of mandibular fracture in paediatric patients at L.U.H Hyderabad

The study was conducted to analyze the different treatment options practiced in pediatric mandibular fracture patients at L.U.H Hyderabad. Maxillofacial fractures are infrequent in the pediatric population, and their treatment is unique due to the psychological, physiological, developmental and anatomical characteristics of children. Besides this it is difficult to examine child both clinically and radiographically. Retrospective Study This study was carried out in Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery L.U.H Hyderabad for a period of two years i.e. from June 2010 to June 2012. Gender distribution Total 180 patients, 118 patients [65.6%] were males and 62 patients [34.4%] were females. Most common site involved was parasymphysis, involved in 85 [47%], in other sites angle in 43 [23%], condyle 25 [13%]cases, symphysis 15 [8%], body 10 [5%] and ramus in 2[1%]. Most of the patients were treated with IMF with arch bar i.e 75 [41%]. Clearer understanding of paediatric pattern of mandibular fractures will help out health care providers as they plan and manage the treatment of mandible fractures in children. The most common site involved in these patients is mandibular parasymphysis. Clearer understanding of pediatric pattern of mandible fractures will help out oral maxillofacial surgeon as they plan and manage the treatment of mandible fractures in children

guide for bucco-lingual position of posterior teeth arrangement in complete dentures

To see the relationship between intercondylar distance and the maxillary and mandibular intermolar distances in dental students. Cross-sectional comparative study. This study was conducted at Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro/Hyderabad, from August 2009 to January 2010. One hundred fully dentate BDS students with age ranging from 21 to 25 years, free from facial and dental deformities were examined. Upper and lower arch impressions were taken using stock trays. Dental cast were made using dental stone type IV. Vernier Caliper was used to measure the linear distances between mesiobuccal cusp tips of the maxillary and mandibular 1[st] molars on the cast. Intercondylar distance was measured using arbitrary face bow [Hanau-H2] at rest position. Fork was attached to the teeth with silicone impression material. Hing axis marks were made 13 mm anterior to the upper border on the tragus canthus lines on both sides of the face. The mark was confirmed by placing the middle fingers of both hands over the marks and students were advised to open and close the jaw by 20 mm, the tactile sensation of rotating condyle confirmed the hinge axis location. The face bow was assembled by inserting the fork intraorally and placing the condylar rods over the hinge axis marks. Thereafter, face bow is removed from the face without changing the position of condylar rods and the distance between the two condylar rods was measured in millimeters with the help of Vernier Caliper. Every distance was measured three times to ensure the accuracy and mean taken. The statistically significant result of this study proved that the highest correlation was found between the intercondylar distance and Maxillary Intermolar Distance [r = 0.261, p = 0.009], while the lowest correlation was found between Intercondylar Distance and Mandibular Intermolar Distance [r = 0.202, P=0.04]. The observed relationship between the intercondylar and Maxillary Intermolar Distance could prove a useful guide for the buccolingual position of aritificial posterior teeth in edentulous patients

Determination of number of apical foramina in mesial root of mandibular first molar-Ex Vivo

This study was design to investigate the number of apical foramen in mesial root canal of mandibular first molar in local population. Cross Sectional Descriptive Study. The study was conducted to evaluate number of apical foramen in mesial root canal of mandibular first molar at Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, from March 2007 to August 2007. One hundred specimens of extracted permanent mandibular first molar teeth were decoronated at cemento-enamel junction. Root canal orifices of mesial root were located and radiograph was taken with 15 # K files inside root canals with visible tip at root apex. The specimens were classified as: 1C/1AF [Icanal 1 apical foramen]; 2C/2AF; 2C/1AF and 3C/ 3AF. The existence of apical foramina/foramen was additionally confirmed under dental operating microscope and classified in the same manner. Out of 100 specimens, 1C/1AF was not observed in specimen, 2C/1AF was observed in 43%, 52% had 2C/2AF and only 5% had 3C/3AF. A total of 100 specimens of permanent mandibular first molar teeth were included in this study. Periapical radiographs were analyzed to investigate the number of canals of the mandibular 1[st] molars and compare the number of apical foramina observed on the radiographs to that revealed by dental operating microscope. Significant difference was not observed in Radiographic and dental operating microscope findings [Wilcoxon rank sum test; p =0.99]

Removable partial dentures: patient satisfaction with associated demographic and biomechanical factors

Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences

Maxillofaciqal rehabilitation of a large cleft palate using fixed-removable prosthesis

Maxillofacial defects either congenital or acquired, lead to a marked loss of both the functional efficiency and aesthetic profile of the affected individuals. Plastic surgery and tissue reconstruction is the treatment of choice. However, in certain clinical scenarios, removable and/or fixed obturator prosthesis can be the only option available. The management of these critical cases should be planned after a detailed investigation and diagnosis, evaluation of the subject's expectations and demands, socioeconomic status, available technical facilities and utilization of a multi-disciplinary team approach. This report discusses the intra oral rehabilitation of a complete, unilateral cleft palate along with dento-alveolar rehabilitation. A fixed-removable prosthesis was provided to gain functional as well as aesthetic results without extensive surgical correction

Oral stereognostic ability in hypodontia patients

Hypodontia is congenital absence of one or more, but not all, of the normal complement of teeth. It is one of the most frequent alterations of human dentition. Hypodontia either alone or association with craniofacial developmental disorders can pose speech and masticatory dysfunctions along with aesthetic and functional problems. Oral Stereognostic ability can be used to diagnose and predict the prognosis of different treatment modalities in hypodontia patients. To compare oral Stereognostic ability in hypodontia patients with those having normal dentition. Case Control study, conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics, de'Montmorency College of Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Forty hypodontia subjects were selected. Forty dental students of third and final year with normal dentition were selected as controls. Oral Stereognostic ability scores were calculated using specific test samples for both groups. This study showed that oral Stereognostic ability scores were reduced in hypodontia subjects with a significant p value<0.001. It confirms that hypodontia subjects had some difficulty in perceiving the intra oral objects. Oral Stereognostic ability was impaired in hypodontia subjects; correction at early age might improve the case

Oral health related quality of life in complete dentures

Oral health related quality of life [OHRQoL] has been considered as an outcome measure to assess consequences of edentulism and available treatment options. The oral health impact profile [OHIP] is one of the most technically sophisticated instruments designed to measure OHRQoL. Objective of the study was to assess the OHRQoL before and after the provision of complete denture. It was a case series study done at the Department of Prosthodontics, de, Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore from 15-07-2006 to 14-07-2007. One hundred edentulous subjects were studied. All subjects completed the OHIP-14 questionnaire before and after provision of complete dentures. The responses were compared on Likert scale. In majority of subjects, pre treatment responses in OHIP-14 questionnaire were at the higher end, indicating the negative impacts on the OHRQoL. The post provision responses showed a significant improvement. The study suggested that provision of complete dentures in subjects having positive attitude towards the removable prostheses had positive impacts on OHRQoL

Hypocalcemia with bony metastases in prostate cancer

A 65 year old man presented with a two-month history of low back pain and fatigue and urinary symptoms over the preceding month. He was found to have had a hepatomegaly and a large nodular prostate on rectal examination. Investigations revealed a normal full blood count and renal profile, raised alkaline phosphatise and Prostate Specific Antigen [PSA], and low serum Calcium. A bone scan was performed which revealed widespread bony metastases in the axial and appendicular skeleton resulting in a 'superscan', consistent with prostatic metastases. We recommend that calcium levels be checked in all patients with prostate cancer and metastatic bone disease as this may have a bearing on their symptoms and the use of biphosphonate therapy