Research progress on the correlation between breastfeeding and occurrence of breast cancer / 公共卫生与预防医学

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the female reproductive system with a high incidence rate and is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in women. Modern research believes that pregnancy, breastfeeding, and other reproductive behaviors can cause the changes in the levels of female estrogen and progesterone and related receptors, and affect the morphology and function of breast tissue, which are associated with the occurrence of breast cancer. This paper aims to summarize the impact of breastfeeding on the occurrence of breast cancer and analyze their correlation to increase the maternal breastfeeding rate, reduce the occurrence of breast cancer, and lower the risk of breast cancer in women.

Study on relationship between dietary nutrition factors and metabolic syndrome in elderly people / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective Due to the decline of gastrointestinal function, the intakes of various dietary nutrients in the elderly population are reduced to varying degrees. Among them, the reduction in vitamins and trace mineral elements is relatively greater, resulting in relative increases in the intake of carbohydrates, proteins and fats and an increased risk of development of metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods In order to reduce the risk of MS in the elderly population, it is necessary to limit the intakes of the three major energy-supplying nutrients, mainly carbohydrates. The effects of vitamins and trace elements on MS are still controversial, and it is recommended to ensure normal intake. Dietary fiber has positive effects on gastrointestinal function, immune response, and glucolipid metabolism. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the intake. Results Mediterranean diet is currently confirmed to have a good effect on the prevention of MS, and the diet consists mainly of beans, nuts, vegetables and fruits, with appropriate intakes of cereals, seafood and dairy products. Plant-based diet based on vegetables, mushrooms and bean products is also beneficial to improving blood glucose and blood lipids, thereby preventing the occurrence and progression of MS. Owing to the significant differences in dietary habits, health status and dietary structure among the elderly population in different regions, the significance of single and specific dietary patterns for the prevention of MS is still low. Conclusion It will become a development trend to formulate diversified and individualized dietary regimen through the reasonable increases or limitations of corresponding food intakes according to different individual nutritional levels..