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Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) for female urethral pain syndrome (UPS).Methods:This study retrospectively included 8 women with UPS who were treated by injection of BTX-A in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from February 2021 to September 2021. The average age was (47.87±11.33) years old, the median disease duration was 3(1.0, 10.8) years. Before treatment, The visual analogue scale (VAS) was (5.38±1.92), the Pain, Urgency, Frequency score (PUF) was (10.75±5.12), and the female sexual function index (FSFI) was (14.53±11.63). 100U BTX-A was injected at the 3, 6, 9, and 12 o'clock positions of the urethral meatus, as well as at the mid-urethra and the left and right sides of the bladder neck, totaling 10 injections. The VAS, PUF score, FSFI score, and complications were recorded at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment.Results:The VAS score decreased to (3.25±2.12), (2.88±2.23)and(2.88±2.23) at 1, 3, and 6 months, showing statistically significant differences compared to the pre-treatment scores ( P<0.05); post-treatment PUF score declined to (6.63±3.93), (6.25±4.03)and(5.13±3.31), respectively, with only the 6-month score showing a statistically significant difference compared to the pre-treatment score ( P=0.03). The FSFI score increased slightly to (14.68±11.56), (16.76±12.17) and (16.76±12.17)at 1, 3, and 6 months post-injection, respectively, with no statistically significant differences compared to the pre-treatment scores ( P>0.05). Only 1 patient had transient dysuria. Conclusion:BTX-A injection is a safe and effective treatment for UPS, and it can be used for UPS patients who are unresponsive to conservative therapy.
RESUMO
To introduce the biological properties and functions of individual blood-brain barrier components,and summarize the most widely used in vitro blood-brain barrier models,compare their strengths and weaknesses,and provide suggestions on model selection in blood-brain barrier research and new-drug research and development.