O idoso residente em ilpi (instituição de longa permanência do idoso) e o que isso representa para o sujeito idoso / The elderly residents of long term care institutions for older people and what it represents for the older individual

Existem termos bem conhecidos para definir o tipo de residência para uma pessoa idosa, dentre eles, Asilo, Casa de Repouso, Abrigo, Instituição de Longa Permanência. Atualmente o termo mais utilizado é ILPI - Instituição de Longa Permanência do Idoso. Este último utilizado não como simples sinônimo de Asilo, mas é termo que implica uma nova organização e gestão de moradia para idosos. Este artigo tem como proposta discutir a velhice abrigada em moradia coletiva, fundamentalmente a do idoso residente em ILPI, e o que representa para esse sujeito o fato de residir nesse tipo de instituição. Para entender o morar do idoso em uma ILPI, buscamos primeiramente entender questões relacionadas à velhice em suas formas mais diversas, como por exemplo, o significado de ser velho em nossa sociedade, ligado a uma construção sociocultural, o corpo como revelador da velhice, e a memória como sustentadora da identidade. Para entender uma ILPI, pesquisamos um pouco sobre a história desse tipo de instituição, de como atualmente ela é interpretada pelas Ciências Sociais e pela Gerontologia, enfatizando seu cotidiano e buscando compreender novas formas de organizações para o morar do idoso.

There are terms familiar to define the type of residence for the elderly: among them, Asylum, Nursing Home, Shelter, long-term institution. Currently the most common term is the long-term care institutions for older people. The latter is not simply a synonym for asylum, but is an expression that implies a new organization and management of housing for the elderly. This article is to discuss the proposed elderly sheltered, mainly the elderly resident of this institutions and what it stands for the fact this guy live in this type of place. To understand the living of the elderly in a long-term care institution, first sought to understand issues related to old age in their various forms, such as the meaning of being old in our society linked to a social construction of culture, revealing the body as aging and memory as supportive of identity. To understand a long-term care institution, I researched a bit about the history of such institutions and how it is currently interpreted by the Social Sciences and Gerontology. Emphasizing daily life such institutions seeking to study new forms of organizations for the elderly to live.

O envelhecimento e suas possibilidades: a sociedade como espaço de solidariedade e exercício da cidadania / Aging and its possibilities: society as a space of solidarity and active citizenship

Após uma vida de trabalho muitas vezes mecânico, repetitivo e rotineiro, que possibilidades se tem de viver a velhice? Entre as possibilidades, Jorge Wilheim destaca a recuperação da memória do idoso, da memória da cidade, da memória dos jovens, da memória social. Belmira Oliveira Bueno chama a atenção para o resgate da memória como aprendizagem e dado fundamental de uma educação continuada, enquanto Júlio Lancelloti reflete sobre o trabalho voluntário como possibilidade de participação social.

Successful prevention of HIV transmission from mother to infant in Brazil using a multidisciplinary team approach

Objectives: To determine the HIV vertical transmission rate (VTR) and associated risk factors by use of zidovudine and infant care education in Brazil. Methods: Since 1995, a prospective cohort of HIV infected pregnant womwn has been followed at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. A multidisciplinary team was established to implement the best available strategy to prevent maternal-infant HIV transmission. Patients with AIDS or low CD4 and high viral load received anti-retroviral drugs in addition to zidovudine. Children were considered infected if they had 2 positive PCR-RNA test between 1 and 4 months of age, or were HIV antibody positive after 18 months. Education regarding infant treatment and use of formula insteadof breast feeding was provided. Results: Between 199 and August, 2000. HIV status was determined for 145 infants. Compliance with intra-partum treatment, infant treatment and use of formula was 88.2 percent. Intra-partum zidovudine treatment was completed in 134/145 (92.6 percent) of patients; 88.1 percent had rupture of membranes < 4 hours; 85.4 percent of mothers were asymptomatic. The mean CD4 count was 428,4 cells and mean viral load 39,050 copies. HIV vertical transmission rate was 4/145 (2.75 percent; CI: 0.1 percent - 5.4 percent). The only risk factor significantly associated with transmission was a failure to use zidovudine intra-partum in 2 of the 4 mothers (50 percent versus 6.4 percent in non-transmitting mothers). A trend toward low CD4 and high viral load at entry, and rupture of membranes > 4 hours were associated with increased HIV transmission. Conclusion: HIV vertical transmission in Brazil was reduced to a level similar to other countries with the most effective prevention programs using a multidisciplinary team approach. A high levelof compliance for use of anti-retroviral drugs, the provision of health education to mothers, and use of formula for all exposed infants.