The Effect of Psychological Violence in the Workplace on Health: A Holistic Eco-System Approach

Background: Psychological violence has emerged as a priority concern in all workplaces because of its adverse consequences on victims' health. So far; limited research has been conducted on the effect of psychological violence on the five interrelated contexts of human existence. Objectives: This qualitative study investigated the perceived effect of psychological violence in the workplace on staff members' holistic health at a multi-campus South African Further Education and Training College. By investigating the effect of psychological violence on these five interrelated contexts; the resultant effect on holistic health might be more fully understood and applicable recommendations formulated to ameliorate the perceived effects.Method: A qualitative; exploratory and descriptive research design was used to investigate the perceived effect of psychological violence on staff members' health. Purposeful sampling was used to select 29 participants to be interviewed individually; based on their experiences of psychological violence; as well as data saturation. The researcher analysed the data and a co-coder cross-checked the codes.Results: The results pertaining to the perceived effects of psychological violence were positioned within the holistic eco-systemic approach as encompassing theory. Five themes were identified accordingly after data analysis; namely; psychological; biophysical; spiritual; ecological and metaphysical effects.Conclusion: Findings revealed that psychological violence impacts adversely on all five interrelated contexts of individual health; leading to an adverse cumulative effect on staff members' holistic health and on the systems in which psychological violence occurs. Based on the findings; recommendations could be made to ameliorate the perceived adverse effect of psychological violence

Tratamiento quirúrgico para la úlcera péptica a la luz de una estudio radiológico retrospectivo del tono y motilidad del estómago / A surgical alternative peptic ulcer based on a retrospective radiological study of gastric tonus and motility

Los autores hacen un análisis retrospectivo de 1085 estudios radiológicos de estómago y duodeno para estudiar la relación entre la úlcera péptica y los disturbios de tonicidad y motilidad ganstricas.Fueran observados alteraciones del tono y de la motilidad en mayor número de pacientes con úlcera péptica,en comparación con los pacientes sin úlcera .Fué verificado disminución significativa de la tonicidad del estómgo en la úlcera gástrica, sin predominio de hiper o hipomotilidad en las úlceras duodenales y gástricas.Luego del análisis ,presentan sugestiones acerca de la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad,proponiendo la técnica de vagotomía,antrectomía y anastomosis gastroduodenal a nivel de la curvatura menor,como una cirugía eficaz para la corrección de la úlcera,hoy principalmente,en la obstrucción del píloro,llevando en consideración la preservación del tono y de la motilidad gástrica

Chronobiology of indoleamines in the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra: metabolism and effects related to circadian rhythmicity and photoperiodism

The marine bioluminescent dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra is capable of producing various indoleamines. The first enzyme in their formation, tryptophan hydroxylase, exhibits a high-amplitude circadian rhythm with a maximum during photophase. Hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase shows a biphasic pattern with a major maximum during scotophase. 5-Methoxylated indoleamines, such as melatonin and 5-methoxytryptamine, peak at the beginning and in the second half of scotophase, respectively. A drop in temperature from 20 to 15 degrees Celsius leads to dramatic increases of melatonin, up to more than 50 ng/mg protein. This effect may explain why a lower temperature sensitizes this organism to photo-periodic, indoleamine-mediated induction of asexual cysts. Melatonin can be catabolized either enzymatically or non-enzymatically. The non-enzymatic pathway involves free radicals, e.g., photooxidant cation radicals, and leads to the formation of N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine. Enzymatic catabolism comprises deacetylation to 5-methoxytryptamine and formation of 5-methoxytryptophol. 5-Methoxytryptamine represents a key substance acting as a stimulator of bioluminescence and a mediator of the encystment response. It opens proton channels in the membrane of an intracellular acidic vacuole system which is loaded by the action of a V-type ATPase, as shown by experiments using bafilomycin A1.

Obstrucao duodenal por blastomicose sul-americana. / Duodenal obstruction due to South American blastomycosis

Apresenta-se um caso de blastomicose sul-americana (BSA) com obstrucao duodenal em crianca de 10 anos de idade. Chama-se a atencao para a raridade desta apresentacao clinica da doenca de Lutz, bem como para a ocorrencia da sindrome de obstrucao duodenal. Tecem-se consideracoes a respeito das formas abdominais da BSA e da necesidade da intervencao cirurgica nesta doenca

Cirurgia das vias biliares. / Surgery of the biliary ducts

Sao analisados 480 pacientes operados eletivamente por litiase biliar. As consideracoes giraram em torno de dados tecnicos e clinicos fornecidos pelos pacientes e principalmente sobre a propedeutica peroperatoria. Ressalta-se nesta o estudo dinamico, atraves da fluxometria, e o estatico pela colegrafia. Sao feitos em confronto, numa sistematizacao propria proposta pelos autores