Establishment of HPLC Fingerprint of Wine-processed Schisandra chinensis and Analysis of Chemical Pattern Recognition / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish the fingerprint of wine-processed Schisandra chinensis ，and to conduct cluster analysis and principal component analysis. METHODS ：HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Diamonsil C 18（2） column with mobile phased consisted of methanol-water （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 250 nm，and the column temperature was 30 ℃；the injection volume was 10 μL. With schisandrol A as the reference peak，HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of samples were drawn and their similarity were evaluated with Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）. The common peaks were determined. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed by using SPSS 22.0 statistical software. RESULTS ：There were 20 common peaks in 15 batches of samples ，and the similarities were 0.983-0.999；a total of 8 common peaks were identified ，namely 5-hydroxymethyl furfural，schisandrol A ，schisandrol B ，schisantherin A ，schisantherin B ，deoxyschizandrin，γ-schizandrin，pseudo-γ-schizandrin. The results of cluster analysis showed that 15 batches of wine-processed S. chinensis could be clustered into 4 categories. Among them，S1-S4 and S 14 were clustered into one category ，S9-S11 were clustered into one category ，S5，S7-S8，S12-S13 were clustered into one category ，and S 6 and S 15 were clustered into one category. The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of first four principal component s was 85.381％；the classification results were basically consistent with the results of cluster analysis. Compared with S. chinensis ，5-hydroxymethyl furfural was newly found in S. chinensis after wine-processing ，with high content ；but there was no significant difference in the other chromatographic peaks. CONCLUSIONS：The established HPLC fingerprint is simple and easy to operate ，combined with cluster analysis and principal component analysis ，can be used for quality control of wine-processed S. chinensis decoction pieces.

Study on the Quality Standard for Sonchus Brachyotus DC / 中国药师

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Sonehus braehyotus DC. Methods:The pharmacognosy of Sonehus braehyotus DC. were studied,and the qualitative identification by TLC and the quantitative analysis by HPLC were established. Re-sults:The microscopic characteristics of Sonehus braehyotus DC. were obvious. The TLC spots were clear with high resolution,and the quantitative research of chlorogenic acid in 10 batches of Sonehus braehyotus DC. was performed by HPLC. Conclusion:The quality control standard for Sonehus braehyotus DC. is established through the experimental studies.

Studies on chemical structure of complexes compounds formed by acid and alkaline components of pair medicines in decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical structures of macromolecular complexes formed by aconitine and glycyrrhizic acid, aconitine and rhein, berberine and rhein, ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid in decoctions.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The binding energy of reactants and products was determined by X-ray spectrography, the ground level charge distribution of products was caculated by density function theory of quantum chemistry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The binding energy of aconitine and glycyrrhizic acid, aconitine and rhein, berberine and rhein were changed after reaction. The characteristic atoms in the molecular structures of acid components have higher positive electric charge, while the ones in alkaline components have higher negative charge.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Aconitine and glycyrrhizic acid, aconitine and rhein, berberine and rhein can form macromolecular complexes, ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid can not.</p>

Research on compatibility chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicines in formulas of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Compatibility chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicines in formulas of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important research field which should merit to pay attention. The ideas and methods in prescription compatibility research on formulas containing alkaline-acid pair medicines were summarized from the aspect of chemical groups of alkaline and acid ingredients; the research results were introduced and analyzed; the research meaning was elaborated; and the expectation of the field was viewed.

Compatability chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicine of Fuzi and Gancao in Sini decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the change pattern of alkaline and acid components of Fuzi and gancao amoung different combinations in Sini Decotion.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of aconite alkaloids and glycyrrhizic acid were determined by HPLC in samples of Fuzi extracts, gancao extracts, Fuzi and gancao pair medicines extracts, and extracts of whole recipe.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>As for Fuzi, monoester aconite alkaloids could be detected in water extracts, and both biester and monoester aconite alkaloids could be detected in ethanol extracts. The contents of aconite alkaloids were decreased with changes of combinations: from Fuzi alone to pair medicines, and to whole recipe. The change pattern was more apparent when extracted in water decoction. As for Gancao, the glycyrrhizic acid was lowered from single medicine to pair medicines, and to whole recipe.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of alkaline and acid components were changed with different extract methods and different combinations of Fuzi and Gancao.</p>

Compatability chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicine of dahuang and Fuzi in Dahuang Fuzi decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the change pattern of alkaline and acid components of Dahuang and Fuzi in different combinations.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of anthraquinones and aconite alkaloids were determined by HPLC in samples of Dahuang extracts, Fuzi extracts, Dahuang and Fuzi pair medicines extracts, and extracts of whole recipe.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>As for Dahuang, the contents of anthraquinones were decreased with changes of combination: higher contents were in decoctions of Dahuang alone, lower contents were in decoctions of pair medicines, and the lowest contents were in decoctions of whole recipe. As for Fuzi, monoester aconite alkaloids could be detected in water extracts, and both biester and monoester aconite alkaloids could be detected in ethanol extracts. The contents of aconite alkaloids were decreased with changes of combinations: from Fuzi alone to pair medicines, and to whole recipe. The change pattern was more apparent when extracted in water decoction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of alkaline and acid components are changed with different extract methods and different combinations.</p>

Compatibility chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicine of Dahuang and Huangbai in Dahuang Xiaoshi decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the change pattern of alkaline and acid components of Dahuang and Huangbai amoung different combinations in Dahuang Xiaoshi decotion.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of anthraquinones and berberine were determined by HPLC in samples of Dahuang extracts, Huangbai extracts, Dahuang and Huangbai pair medicine extracts, and extracts of whole recipe.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The contents of anthraquinones and berberine were decreased with the changes of combinations: from component medicinal material alone to pair medicines, and to whole recipe. the change pattern was more apparent in water decoctions than in ethanol extracts.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of alkaline and acid components are changed with different extract methods and different combinations.</p>

Compatability chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicine of Ephedra sinica and Glycyrrhiza uralencis in Maxing Shigan decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the change regularity of ephedrine and glyrihhzine acid in Ephedra sinila and Glycyrrhiza uralencis pair medicines and in Maxing Shigan decoction.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid were determined by HPLC in samples of E. sinica extracts, G. uralencis extracts, pair medicines extracts of Maxing Shigao decoction sinica and G. uralencis, and extracts of E. sinica.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were no significant difference in ephedrine contents amoung different samples; the contents of glycyrrhizic acid were lower in decoctions of Maxing Shigan decoction than in G. uralencis decoction and pair medicines extracts.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Macromolecular complex was NOT formed by ephedrine and Glycyrrhizic acid in decoctions containing pair medicines of E. sinica and G. uralencis.</p>

Study on effect of various extract of Sini Decoction on reproductive organ and sexual hormone of hypothyroidism rats with syndrome of yang deficiency / 中华中医药杂志

Objective:To study the effect of various extract of Sini Decoction on hypothalamus-pituitary-sexual glands axle of hypothyroidism rats with syndrome of yang deficiency, and discuss the mechanism of Sini Decoction in reinforcing yang. Methods: The model of deficiency of both the spleen-yang and the kidney-yang were induced by PTU solution. After the model were confirmed, the rats in Sini Decoction group were administered with Sini Decoction . At the end of the experiment, all the rats were sacrificed and the blood were sampled to check the level of Sex hormones , the reproductive organs were weighed, the testicle were sliced to check their pathological change. Results:Various extract of Sini Decoction can reduce the increase of weight of orchis and prostate of model rats, reduce their pathologic damage, and increase the level of testosterone. The alcohol extract of Sini Decoction has obvious therapetic effects. Conclusion: Sini Decoction can improve the sexual hormone level and weight index of reproductive organs of hypothyroidism rats with syndrome of yang defi ciency.