SpyGlass in Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Right Hepatic Duct Tumor Thrombus Hemorrhage: A Case Report / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Hepatocelluar carcinoma presenting as a biliary duct tumor thrombus is a relatively rare entity, with poor prognosis. The primary clinical manifestation of this disease is obstructive jaundice, which can often be misdiagnosed. A 59-year-old female patient was admitted with sudden onset of abdominal pain. Laboratory tests suggested obstructive jaundice, and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the upper abdomen did not show obvious biliary dilatation. Endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography suggested an occupying lesion in the upper bile duct. SpyGlass and biopsy finally confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma with right hepatic duct tumor thrombus hemorrhage. The SpyGlass Direct Visualization System, as an advanced biliary cholangioscopy device, showed the advantages of single-person operation as well as easy access to and visualization of the lesion.

Clinical characteristics of liver function injury in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To investigate the incidence of liver injury in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to explore its impact on the condition and prognosis of patients.Methods:The medical records of 67 patients with COVID-19 who presented with pneumonia hospitalized at Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from February 11 to March 28, 2020 were collected. The results of liver biochemistry and coagulation function test at admission were analyzed. Data were compared by chi-square test, analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results:Among 67 patients, total bilirubin increased in seven (10.4%) patients, which was slightly abnormal, albumin decreased in 36(53.7%) cases, and was below 30 g/L in 15(22.4%) cases, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were elevated in 19(28.4%) and 12(17.9%) cases, respectively. A total of 22(32.8%) cases had elevated ALT and (or) AST. The incidences with elevated ALT and (or) AST in moderate and severe patients were 33.3%(10/30) and 26.9%(7/26), respectively. Five of 11 critical patients had elevated ALT and (or) AST. There was no significant difference among the three groups ( χ2=1.21, P=0.546). Abnormal alkaline phosphatase and (or) γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were observed in 11(16.4%) cases. The prolongation of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) occurred in 10(14.9%) and 17(25.4%) patients, respectively, while most of them were slightly abnormal. Only one patient presented with prolongation of PT and APTT meeting the standard of liver failure. A total of 61.2%(41/67) and 65.7%(44/67) of cases showed increase of fibrinogen and D-dimer, respectively, and 28.4%(19/67) and 19.4%(13/67), respectively increased to an obvious extent. The albumin levels in moderate, severe and critical patients were (37.85±6.19) g/L, (32.96±4.33) g/L and (33.02±3.63) g/L, respectively, which were significantly different ( F=7.36, P=0.001). There were significant differences in PT, APTT, fibrinogen and D-dimer among the three groups ( F=3.22, 3.31, 4.06 and H=17.63, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:COVID-19 only leads to mild liver injury and has only mild impact on liver function. The decrease of albumin level and the increase of fibrinogen and D-dimer may be early predicting indexes for the disease severity.

Curative effects of bipolar electrocoagulation for gastric antral vascular ectasia (with video) / 中华消化内镜杂志

To evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of bipolar electrocoagulation in the treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia(GAVE). Six patients with GAVE who underwent gastroscopy and bipolar electrocoagulation between January 2018 and December 2019 in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University were included in the study.The operation and clinical response were observed. All the 6 patients underwent bipolar electrocoagulation successfully. The mean operation time was 32 min (range 25-45 min). Mean number of sessions required for eradication of GAVE was 1.17. No severe complications related to endoscopic treatment occurred. There was no recurrence of GAVE at a mean time of 10.8 months (range 2-25 months) of follow-up. Stabilization of hemoglobin levels and decrease in blood transfusion requirements along with endoscopically complete or near-complete eradication of GAVE were observed in all patients during the follow-up.Bipolar electrocoagulation in the treatment of GAVE is effective, safe, and simple.

The etiology and factors related to the outcome of children with acute liver failure / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective@#To investigate the fundamental etiology and factors related to the outcome of children with acute liver failure in recent years.@*Methods@#The etiology and factors related to the outcome of pediatric acute liver failure(PALF) patients who hospitalized in Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University from August 2007 to July 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.@*Results@#(1)Of 92 children with PALF, there were 47 males and 45 females.(2)The incidence was particularly high in Summer.Morbidity was the highest in infants(38.0%, 35/92 cases), and it was not uncommon in ≤3 year-old children(23.9%, 22/92 cases). (3)Etiology diagnosis was not established in 38 children(41.3%, 38/92 cases). Etiology diagnosis could be established in infectious disease(16.3%, 15/92 cases), metabolic disease(8.7%, 8/92 cases)and mushroom poisoning(7.6%, 7/92 cases). The etiology of PALF was significantly related to age.(4)Twenty-nine cases survived and the survival rate was 31.5%, invalid 63 cases(68.5%, 63/92 cases), of which 14 cases(22.2%, 14/63 cases)died, 49 cases(77.8%, 49/63 cases) gave up treatment or left the hospital by themselves.(5)It showed that the factors significantly correlated with the outcome of PALF were respiratory failure, albumin(ALB), and the peak of total bilirubin (TBIL)(P=0.013, 0.029, 0.002).@*Conclusions@#The outcome of PALF is poor and the survival rate is still low.Morbidity is the highest in infants, and the incidence is particularly high in Summer.Infectious disease is the commonest etiology in children compared with metabolic disease and mushroom poisoning.Its pathogen is still unknown.The etiology of PALF is significantly related to age, respiratory failure, ALB, and the peak of TBIL during hospitalization was the relevant factors for PALF prognosis in this study.

Curative effect of endoscopic push-radial dissection for patients with benign esophageal stricture (with video) / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of endoscopic push?radial dissection (EPRD)for benign esophageal stricture(BES). Methods Clinical data of 24 patients diagnosed as having BES who received EPRD were analyzed. The procedure and efficacy were evaluated. Results All 24 patients underwent EPRD successfully with mean operation time being 32 min(15?45 min).The mean esophageal stric?ture incision length was 3?? 2 cm (1?? 0?8?? 0 cm).No severe complications related to EPRD occurred, or trans?ferred for surgery. Patients were followed up for 1?5 months (mean 2?? 8 months). Dysphagia was relieved signif?icantly during the follow?up in 23 patients where endoscopy could go through smoothly. But dysphagia re?oc?curred in one patient 2 weeks after the operation, who underwent a second EPRD and stent implantation, then dysphagia was relieved. Conclusion EPRD is safe, feasible and effective for benign esophageal stricture.

Study on effective constituents extracted from fibrous roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza with degrading multi-enzymes from taishan Ganoderma lucidum / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the application of degrading multi-enzymes from Ganoderma lucidum in extracting effective constituents from fibrous roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Effective constituents were extracted from fibrous roots by degrading multi-enzymes of wood fiber. The enzymatic parameters were optimized by the orthogonal design.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The extraction efficiencies of total tanshinones and total salvianolic acids in the extracts of fibrous roots of S. miltiorrhiza was obtained using optimum enzymolysis process reached 11.923%, 12.465%, respectively, which were 62.794%, 56.086% more than that by conventional non-enzymatic hydrolysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Degrading multi-enzymes of wood fiber can be used to fully extract effective constituents from fibrous roots of S. miltiorrhiza, which provides a new approach for recycling wastes of traditional Chinese medicines.</p>

Differential expression of oxidative reductases in different subsets of mouse hematopoietic cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are the source of all blood cells, which can differentiate into various hematopoietic hierarchy cells. Physiological level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in regulating functions of HSC as excessive ROS is harmful to HSC. Oxidative reductases and antioxidants can eliminate cellular ROS to maintain ROS homeostasis and thus avoid excessive ROS-caused damages. There are several types of oxidative reductases in cells such as catalase, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txrnd1) and Nqo1 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1]. However, the functional roles of various oxidative reductases in regulating ROS level in hematopoietic cells remain unclear. This study was to investigate the expression patterns of these oxidative reductases in mouse hematopoietic cells that were sorted out via flow cytometry and to find out important oxidative reductases involving in HSC ROS regulation. The expression of various oxidative reductases was detected by semi-quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that the expression level of catalase in T cell population was 0.14 times that in LT-HSC population (P < 0.05). The expression levels of MnSOD in CLP population and myeloid cells were 0.56 and 0.47 times that in LT-HSC population respectively (P < 0.05). The expression levels of GPX1 in ST-HSC, GMP, Myeloid cells, MEP, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were 1.79, 2.96, 2.07, 0.58, 0.10, 0.6 times that in LT-HSC population respectively (P < 0.05). The expression levels of Txrnd1 in ST-HSC, MPP, CMP, GMP, Myeloid cells, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were 3.36, 3.18, 4.19, 6.39, 4.27, 0.016, 0.56 time that in LT-HSC population, respectively (P < 0.05). The expression levels of Nqo1 in ST-HSC, MPP, CMP, GMP, CLP and B cell were 0.30, 0.17, 0.25, 0.10, 0.04, 0.01 times that in LT-HSC population, respectively (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the expression levels of oxidative reductases (catalase, MnSOD, GPX1, Txrnd1 and Nqo1) in hematopoietic hierarchy cells are cell-type specific. It suggests that reductases may play divergent roles in various hematopoietic cell populations. More importantly, the expression level of Nqo1 in LT-HSC population significantly increased as compared with other cell populations, thereby suggesting its unique regulatory role in HSC.

Association of the exon 8 and intron 8 polymorphisms of the human urate transporter 1 gene with primary hyperuricemia in Chinese Han population / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of the exon 8 and intron 8 polymorphisms of the human urate transporter 1 gene SLC22A12 with primary hyperuricemia (HUA) in Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic DNA from 215 individuals with HUA and 323 controls was extracted. The exon 8 and intron 8 of the SLC22A12 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR product was sequenced directly. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected and the association of the SNPs with primary HUA was assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Two SNPs were identified, they were T1309C located in exon 8 (rs7932775) and -103A to G located in intron 8. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium analysis displayed an absolute linkage disequilibrium between the two SNPs (D'= 1). (2) The minor allele frequencies for both SNPs were 51.9% in HUA patients, which were significantly different from that of controls (42.4%)(P< 0.01). (3) The genotype frequencies of GG+ GA and CC+ CT in HUA patients were significantly higher than that in controls (80.0% vs. 69.0%, P< 0.01). (4) Individuals of both GG+ GA and CC+ CT genotypes had 1.79 fold increase of HUA risk (OR= 1.794, 95%CI: 1.19-2.70).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These findings indicated that T1309C and -103A to G polymorphisms of the SLC22A12 gene were associated with primary HUA in Chinese Han population.</p>

Research Progress of microRNAs and human hematological diseases - review / 中国实验血液学杂志

The microRNAs (miRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved class of 22 nucleotide (19 - 25 nt) non-coding RNAs. The miRNAs are partially complementary to 3' untranslated region of target mRNA, resulting in the repression of gene expression at post-transcriptional level. The miRNAs have been associated with diverse biological processes. This review summarizes recent progress of research on the characteristics and function of miRNAs, and the role of miRNAs in hematological malignancy development.

Personality Characteristics of 1921 Cadets in an Air Force Academy Shown by the MBTI-G / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To investigate influence of living locations on the personality characteristics of the only child and none-only children in an air force academy.Methods:1921 cadets were tested by the Chinese version of the MBTI-G.Results:Scores of the only child cadets from cities on the Sensing-Intuition and Thinking-Feeling dimensions were higher than those of none-only children group from cities and those of the only child group from countries.The scores of them on the SN scale were 93.0?18.5,90.4?17.6 and 90.1?17.7(t=2.25,P=0.025;t=1.99,P= 0.048).The scores of them on the TF scale were 94.6?22.6,89.1?21.1 and 88.4?21.0(t=4.02,P

Epidemiological survey of hyperuricemia and gout in coastal areas of Shandong Province / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To determine the prevalences and risk factors of hyperuricemia(HUA)and gout among residents aged≥20 years in Shandong coastal areas.Methods A random stratified cluster sampling was conducted,and 5003 inhabitants were investigated for prevalences of HUA and gout in Qingdao,Yantai,Weihai, Rizhao and Dongying.Results (1)The prevalence of HUA was 13.19%,after standardization according to the Shandong population in 2000,standardized rate was 13.27%,in which the prevalence in males was 18.32% and females 8.56%.The prevalence of gout was 1.14% and the standardized rate was 1.10%,in which the prevalence in males was 1.94% and females 0.42%;(2)Serum uric acid was(343.4?84.5)?mol/L in normal males and (258.9?70.9)?mol/L in normal females.Serum uric acid was(469.4?48.1)?mol/L in males with HUA and (399.7?104.9)?mol/L in females with HUA.In gout group,serum uric acid in males and females was respectively(502.4?106.8)?mol/L and(403.5?52.7)?mol/L;(3)The prevalence of gout in patients with HUA was 8.64%;(4)Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that frequency and quantity of alcohol intake were independent risk factors for males in the HUA group,while HDL-C and farming were protective factors. As for females,age and hypertension were independent risk factors of HUA.Similarly,HDL-C was a protective factor;(5)In HUA patients,65% had hypertension,53% hyperlipidemia,30% glucose metabolic disorder,48% overweight and 10% obesity.In gout patients,57% had hypertension,61% hyperlipidemia,20% glucose metabolic disorder,56% overweight and 7% obesity.Conclusion The prevalences of HUA and gout are significantly increased in Shandong coastal areas in recent years.Restricting the intake of sea foods rich in purine such as seashell,reducing the intake of alcohol especially beer,reducing body weight and abdominal obesity, correcting lipid metabolic disorder and controlling hypertension are important measures in preventing and treating hyperuricemia and gout.

Role of various concentrations of glucose and insulin on expression of transforming growth factor-?_1 in HK2 cells / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

HK-2 cells were cultured with various concentrations of glucose and insulin for 12,24,48,72 h.Transforming growth factor-?_1(TGF-?_1) protein in supematant was measured by ELISA,while TGF-?_1 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR.Data showed that high concentration of glucose and insulin up-regulated the expression of TGF-?_1 in HK-2 cells through different pathways.

Implication of Increased serum uric acid level In patients with acute coronary artery syndrome / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Acute coronary artery syndrome (ACS) was confirmed by coronary arteriography in 398 patients,and 378 healthy persons served as the control group.Serum uric acid in ACS and control group showed normal distribution,and serum uric acid level in ACS group (322?107 )?mol/L was significantly higher than those in control group (302?77)?mol/L (P＜0.01 ).The prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) was 27.0% in male patients and 25.2% in female.Systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in ACS group were higher than those in control group (all P＜0.01 ).Muhivariable analyses adjusted for age and sex indicated that raised fasting plasma glucose,total cholesterol,uric acid and mean arterial pressure were risk factors for coronary artery stenosis in ACS,and HUA played a role in the pathogenesis of ACS.

Chromosomal localization of primary gout susceptibility gene in a Chinese pedigree / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To determine chromosomal localization of the primary gout susceptibility gene in a pedigree.Methods The clinical data and the peripheral blood samples were collected in the pedigree members and the genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood.A genome-wide screening was performed using 400 micro-satellite DNA markers in this family,and linkage analysis was used to determine the chromosomal location of the primary gout susceptibility gene.Results Linkage analysis showed that the maximum LOD score reached 1.50 at marker D4S1572 (at recombination fraction?=0.00).Conclusion Since D4S1572 is localized at 4q25,the primary gout susceptibility gene of this pedigree is localized at 4q25.