Association of corpus callosum agenesis with mental retardation and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Aims: Anomalies of the corpus callosum have been associated with varied brain and somatic malformations. It has been associated with diverse genetic causes with identifiable syndromes. We aim to report a case of corpus callosal agenesis (CCA) associated with mental retardation and hyperactivity. Presentation of case: We report case of a 7 year old boy having CCA, abnormal facial morphological features, mental retardation and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), devoid of any chromosomal rearrangements or somatic malformations known to be associated with corpus callosal changes. Discussion: Symptoms in CCA are often related to concurrent migrational disorders, not to the callosal anomaly itself. Although multiple genetic etiologies have been associated, no single gene has been proved to be implied in all cases of CCA. Conclusion: This case highlights importance of recognizing mental retardation and ADHD as a presentation of isolated CCA which may occur without any known chromosomal malformation.

Anxiety and Depression amongst the urban females of Delhi in Ante-partum and Post-partum period.

Objectives: To assess and compare the prevalence of anxiety and depression during and after pregnancy. Methodology: This cross sectional study was done in an inpatient setting in Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in a tertiary level multi-specialty hospital in Delhi, India over a period of nine months.Two groups of women were studied. Group 1 sample included all pregnant women in last trimester awaiting delivery and Group 2 included the women in postpartum period (4-12 weeks after childbirth). Hospital Anxiety & Depression scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety & depressive symptoms. Results: Of the 100 women included, 59% were awaiting delivery and 41% were in postpartum. The mean age was 23.87 years (SD 3.19), and both the groups were comparable on socio-demographic parameters. Of currently pregnant women 27% & 17% scored above cut-off on anxiety and depression scale respectively while amongst postpartum females 17% scored above cut-off on anxiety and depression scales. Both groups differed significantly (p<0.05) on the total HADS score and Anxiety subscale scores of HADS. There was no significant difference amongst the groups on Depression subscale scores. Conclusions: Prevalence of anxiety and depression is high amongst women during antepartum and postpartum periods. Pregnant women experience more anxiety during ante partum period as compared to post partum period and most of them are not being monitored during this time.