The criminological characteristics of mental retardation / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the criminological characteristics of mental retardation (MR) in forensic psychiatry.@*METHODS@#The record scale of forensic psychiatric assessment designed by ourselves was used to analyse the criminological characteristics of 83 offenders with MR, and to compare the criminological characteristics of mild MR with that of moderate and severe MR.@*RESULTS@#The mild MR accounted for 62.7%, moderate and severe MR was 22.9%. The percentage of sex offenders in MR was 37.3%, manslaughter 34.7%, property offences 28.0%, respectively. Additionally, 96.1% cases with MR have definite criminal motives, and the criminal history was established in 34.7% cases. Significant differences of criminal premeditation (X2chi-squared l11,P=0.001), criminal aim(x2chi-squared 7.531, P=0.006), criminal motive(X 2chi-squared . 920, P= 0.019) and criminal types(s 2chi-squared .855, P=0.02) were found between the mild MR and the moderate, severe MR.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The criminal offenders were mostly found in mild MR. The sex offenders and manslaughter were in outright majority, and most of them had definite criminal motives. The proportion of offenders in mild MR who had criminal premeditation and criminal aim was higher significantly than which in the moderate, severe MR. The proportion of offenders in moderate, severe MR whose criminal motive was for sex was higher than that in mild MR.

Detection of pathogens causing genital ulcer disease by multiplex polymerase chain reaction / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) assay for simultaneous detection of pathogens causing genital ulcer disease (GUD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on the gene-specific region of the following pathogens: Chlamydia trachomatis omp1/ompb, herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA polymerase, Treponema pallidum tpp47, Haemophilus ducreyi 16s rRNA, four sets of primers were designed and an M-PCR assay was developed to detect four pathogens in one test. The assay was evaluated with diagnostic result of golden standard for each pathogen.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 51 clinical samples, M-PCR showed slightly higher positive rate (47.1%) of HSV than cell culture (23.6%). Meanwhile, the positive rate of T. pallidum detected by M-PCR and dark-field microscopy was 19.6% (10/51) and 15.7% (8/51), respectively. Only one sample was positive for H. ducreyi and no sample was positive for C. trachomatis detected by both M-PCR assay and culture.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This primary study indicated that M-PCR assay can simultaneously and rapidly detect the four etiologic pathogens causing GUD.</p>