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Objective To investigate the relationship of parity and other reproduction-associated factors with metabolic syndrome(MS) in middle-aged and elderly women in Nanchang community.Methods Female permanent residents over 40 years old were sampled for a routine examination and a questionnaire survey covering basic information,5 894 subjects were enrolled and identified as effective cases.MS was diagnosed according to the standard of China Diabetes Society in 2004.Factors including age,education,profession,marital status,parity,child-bearing history of macrosomia,breastfeeding,menarche age,and menopausal age were analyzed in order to find their relationship with MS.The univariate logistic analysis was followed by binary logistic regression analysis if P＜0.05,and OR value and confidence interval were calculated.Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,education,profession,parity,breastfeeding,and menopausal age were influencing factors of MS (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no correlation to marital status,miscarriage history,child-bearing history of macrosomia,menarche age with MS(all P＞0.05).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of MS increased with age:OR =1.51 (95 ％ CI 0.98-2.32) during 50-59 years,OR =2.10 (95 ％ CI 1.34-3.30) during 60-69 years,and OR =2.63 (95 ％ CI 1.61-4.31) in cases aged over 70 years,as compared to the group aged 40-49 years.The risk in non-manual workers increased about 34 percent OR =1.33 (95 ％ CI 1.04-1.70),compared with manual workers.The risk of MS increased with parity,being OR =1.46 (95％ CI 1.14-1.88),OR =1.78 (95％ CI 1.30-2.43),and OR =1.84 (95％ CI 1.24-2.72),with 2,3,and 4 child-bearings respectively as compared to cases with only one childbearing.The risk of MS was reduced with advancing menopausal age being about 6 percent reduction with each increased year of menopausal age(OR =0.94,95％ CI 0.90-0.99).There was no difference between education,breastfeeding and MS(P＞005).Conclusion Multiple parity,earlier menopausal age,less manual work,and aging seem to be the risk factors of MS in women.
RESUMO
Objective To observe the effects of stromal cell-derived-factor-1(SDF-1) on the function of endotheli?al progenitor cells(EPCs)of peripheral blood in patients with diabetes, and to discuss the effects of PI3K/AKT signaling path?way on the role of SDF-1 in EPCs. Methods The peripheral blood samples (30 mL) were collected in 10 diabetes patients (DM group) and 10 healthy controls (HC group). (1) The 100μg/L SDF-1 was added in intervention group. EGM-2MV was added in non-intervention group. The Boyden chamber and in vitro angiogenesis kit were used to analyze the migration and in vitro angiogenesis of EPCs. (2) Cultured EPCs were divided into blank control group, 1μg/L SDF-1 group, 10μg/L SDF-1 group, 100μg/L SDF-1 group, pure AMD3100 group and 100μg/L SDF-1+AMD3100 group. AKT protein expression lev?els of endothelial progenitor cells were detected by Western blot assay in each group. Results (1) Without intervention with SDF-1, EPCs’migration and angiogenesis ability were lower in DM group than those in HC group. After intervention with SDF-1, the migration and angiogenesis ability were enhanced in two groups, but the increased level was higher in DM group than that of HC group. (2) Under the same concentration, AKT protein expression level was significantly lower in DM group than that in HC group (P<0.01). AKT protein expression levels were increased with the increased levels of SDF-1 in DM group and HC group (P<0.05). AKT protein expression was significantly lower in 100μg/L SDF-1+AMD3100 group than that of 100μg/L SDF-1 group (P<0.05). Conclusion SDF-1 can increase the chemotactic migration and angiogenesis ability of EPCs in peripheral blood, especially for patients with diabetes. The effects of SDF-1 on EPCs were related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.