Clinical analysis of 71 patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infection / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations and related risk factors of patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAE) bloodstream infection, and to provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment of PAE bloodstream infection after combining with bacterial resistance condition. Methods:The clinical data and biological data of all patients with PAE bloodstream infection who received treatment in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The independent influential factors of PAE bloodstream infection were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results:Eighty-three patients had PAE bloodstream infection. Among them, 71 patients were included in the final analysis. Among the 71 patients, 36 patients (50.70%) had carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( CRPA). Univariate analysis showed that the history of hospitalization within 90 days ( χ2 = 3.90, P = 0.048), indwelling catheterization ( χ2 = 5.08, P = 0.024), septic shock ( χ2 = 4.00, P = 0.046), mechanical ventilation ( χ2= 12.35, P < 0.001), deep venous catheter ( χ2 = 4.08, P = 0.043), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score II ≥ 10 points ( χ2 = 4.06, P = 0.044), and multi-drug resistance ( χ2 = 11.75, P = 0.001) were the suspicious influential factors of CRPA bloodstream infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that mechanical ventilation was an independent risk factor for CRPA bloodstream infection ( OR = 7.43, 95% CI 1.182-46.674, P = 0.032). Multi-drug resistance was an independent risk factor for CRPA bloodstream infection ( OR = 5.842, 95% CI 1.520-22.450, P = 0.010). Conclusion:Mechanical ventilation and multi-drug resistance are the independent influential factors of CRPA bloodstream infection. Invasive operations such as mechanical ventilation should be avoided in the clinic.

Research progress of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with therapeutic hypothermia on brain protection / 中华危重病急救医学

Compared with conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR), extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) can improve the survival rate of patients with cardiac arrest, and reduce the risk of reperfusion injury. However, it is still difficult to avoid the risk of secondary brain damage. Low temperature management has good neuroprotective potential for ECPR patients, which minimizes brain damage. However, unlike CCPR, ECPR has no clear prognostic indicator. The relationship between ECPR combined with hypothermia management-related treatment measure and neurological prognosis is not clear. This article reviews the effect of ECPR combined with different therapeutic hypothermia on brain protection and provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of neurological injury in patients with ECPR.

A prospective clinical study of endoscopic foam sclerotherapy combined with rubber band ligation in the treatment of grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids (with video) / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety and long-term effectiveness of endoscopic foam sclerotherapy (FS) combined with endoscopic rubber band ligation (ERBL)in the treatment of grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids.Methods:Consecutive patients diagnosed as having grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January to December 2020 were prospectively enrolled in the study, and randomly divided into ERBL group and FS combined with ERBL group. The 24 h visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and 1-week degree of bleeding were evaluated after the treatment. After follow-up of 6 months, the effectiveness of treatment was evaluated.Results:A total of 84 patients with age of 54.4±7.9 years were enrolled, 57.1% (48/84) males, and 73.8% (62/84)grade Ⅱ internal hemorrhoids. Forty-three patients were assigned to the ERBL group and 41 to the FS combined with ERBL group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in baseline data ( P>0.05). In the FS combined with ERBL group, the mean amount of polidocanol foam was 13.8±2.5 mL, the mean number of injection site was 4.7±1.2, and the median scores of VAS was 0 (0, 3), which was significantly lower than that of ERBL group [2 (0, 4), Z=-2.116, P=0.034]. The bleeding rate 1 week after treatment in the ERBL and FS combined with ERBL group were 20.9% (9/43) and 29.3% (12/41), respectively, and mild bleeding was the main symptom. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the bleeding degree ( U=807.0, P=0.378). After 6 months of follow-up, the total effective rates in the ERBL group and the FS combined with ERBL group were 81.4% (35/43) and 90.2% (37/41), respectively ( U=684.5, P=0.044). Conclusion:FS combined with ERBL can effectively relieve post-treatment perianal pain, and improve the long-term effectiveness.

Experimental study on the correlation between microcirculation and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography after crush injury of limbs / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the microcirculation formation mechanism of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography imaging performance in rabbits with limb muscle crush injury.Methods:Seventy-two New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. A limb muscle crush injury model was created by airing a balloon cuff device with a force of 40 kPa. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography parameters were detected in the first group.In vivo microcirculation parameters were detected in the second group. Fine blood vessel diameter and blood flow velocity were calculated before extrusion and 0.5 h, 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, and 3 days after decompression.Results:Totally six animals died before the end of the experiment (3 rabbits in ultrasonic imaging and microcirculation detection groups, respectively). Compared with the uninjured muscle, the reperfusion of the injured muscle showed early and high enhancement in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography images. The peak intensity and area under the curve were significantly higher than those of the control subgroup at each time point after decompression(all P<0.05), and reached the peak at 24 h after decompression. The time-intensity curve showed a trend of rapid elevation and gradual drop. In the microcirculation group, compared with the control group, fine artery and vein diameters in the experimental group were wider and the blood flow velocity was slower, especially in the fine veins(all P<0.05). At each time point after decompression, there was a statistical difference between the control subgroup and the control subgroup, and the change reached the peak at 24 h after decompression. The blood flow state showed that the arterioles were dominated by linear flow and linear grain flow at each time point after decompression, and linear grain flow, grain flow and grain pendulum flow were observed in the fine veins. Blood flow stagnation and adhesion of white blood cells and white microthrombus were also observed in the fine veins. Correlation analysis showed that the peak intensity and area under the curve were positively correlated with the inner diameter of arterioles and veins( r=0.84, 0.94; r=0.85, 0.94; all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the flow velocity of arterioles and veins( r=-0.94, -0.96; r=-0.93, -0.96; all P<0.05). Conclusions:In vivo microcirculation detection can reflect changes in muscle microvascular diameter and blood flow velocity, which have a correlation with quantitative ultrasound imaging parameters.

Interleukin-1β is a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis: a narrative review / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Interleukin(IL)-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated and participates in periodontitis. Not only the link between IL-1β and periodontitis was proved by clinical evidence, but also the increased IL-1β triggers a series of inflammatory reactions and promotes bone resorption. Currently, IL-1β blockage has been therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, gout and type II diabetes mellitus. It is speculated that IL-1β be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis. The review focuses on the production, mechanism, present treatments and future potential strategies for IL-1β in periodontitis.

The significance of urinary NGAL and KIM-1 in predicting the kidney injury in children with congenital heart disease / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the significance of urine neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL ) and renal injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in predicting the acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with congenital heart disease after operation .Methods From April 2014 to December 2015 ,67 cases of cardiopulmonary bypass in children with congenital heart disease were studied in our hospital ,all patients were divided into AKI group (n=24) and non AKI group (n=43) by pRIFLE standard .Serum creatinine , urine NGAL and urine KIM-1 levels were compared between the two groups before and after the operation ,the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the value of NGAL and KIM-1 in pre-dicting the postoperative AKI in children with congenital heart disease .Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in preoperative and postoperative 2 h and 4 h creatinine (P>0 .05) ,but the levels of postoperative 12 ,24 ,48 h creati-nine in the non AKI group were significantly lower than those in the AKI group (P<0 .05) .The NGAL level of postoperative 2 ,4 , 6 ,12 h in non AKI group was significantly lower than that in AKI group (P<0 .05) ,but there was no significant difference in the level of postoperative 24 h urine NGAL between the two groups (P>0 .05) .There was no significant difference between the two groups of patients with postoperative 2 h urinary KIM-1 (P>0 .05) ,postoperative 4 ,6 ,12 ,24 h urinary KIM-1 levels in the non AKI group were significantly lower than those in the AKI group (P<0 .05) .The optimal time point separate detection of urinary NGAL levels to assist in diagnosis of AKI after 12 h ,AUC was 0 .834 (95% CI:0 .631-0 .912);the best time point separately to detect the level of KIM-1 AKI to assist in the diagnosis of AKI after 24 h ,AUC was 0 .871 (95% CI:0 .665-0 .933);combined de-tection of urinary NGAL and KIM-1 levels to assist the best time for the diagnosis of AKI after 24 h ,AUC was 0 .913(95% CI:0 .745-0 .968) .Conclusion Urine NGAL and urine KIM-1 in children with congenital heart disease after operation have important clinical significance in predicting the occurrence of AKI .

The significance of urinary NGAL and KIM-1 in predicting the kidney injury in children with congenital heart disease / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the significance of urine neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL ) and renal injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in predicting the acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with congenital heart disease after operation .Methods From April 2014 to December 2015 ,67 cases of cardiopulmonary bypass in children with congenital heart disease were studied in our hospital ,all patients were divided into AKI group (n=24) and non AKI group (n=43) by pRIFLE standard .Serum creatinine , urine NGAL and urine KIM-1 levels were compared between the two groups before and after the operation ,the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the value of NGAL and KIM-1 in pre-dicting the postoperative AKI in children with congenital heart disease .Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in preoperative and postoperative 2 h and 4 h creatinine (P>0 .05) ,but the levels of postoperative 12 ,24 ,48 h creati-nine in the non AKI group were significantly lower than those in the AKI group (P<0 .05) .The NGAL level of postoperative 2 ,4 , 6 ,12 h in non AKI group was significantly lower than that in AKI group (P<0 .05) ,but there was no significant difference in the level of postoperative 24 h urine NGAL between the two groups (P>0 .05) .There was no significant difference between the two groups of patients with postoperative 2 h urinary KIM-1 (P>0 .05) ,postoperative 4 ,6 ,12 ,24 h urinary KIM-1 levels in the non AKI group were significantly lower than those in the AKI group (P<0 .05) .The optimal time point separate detection of urinary NGAL levels to assist in diagnosis of AKI after 12 h ,AUC was 0 .834 (95% CI:0 .631-0 .912);the best time point separately to detect the level of KIM-1 AKI to assist in the diagnosis of AKI after 24 h ,AUC was 0 .871 (95% CI:0 .665-0 .933);combined de-tection of urinary NGAL and KIM-1 levels to assist the best time for the diagnosis of AKI after 24 h ,AUC was 0 .913(95% CI:0 .745-0 .968) .Conclusion Urine NGAL and urine KIM-1 in children with congenital heart disease after operation have important clinical significance in predicting the occurrence of AKI .

Drug brand preference and its effect on medication compliance and efficacy for outpatients with depression / 药学实践杂志

Objective To investigate drug brand preference and its effect on medication compliance and efficacy in pa-tients with depression ,to guide patient′s rational use of limited medical resources and achieve a safe and effective drug use . Methods 459 outpatients were divided into the brand drug group and the generic drug group according to the current drug therapy stage .The patients in both groups were assessed by drug brand preference and medication compliance .In the brand group ,the patients with high brand preference were chosen to replace with generic medication intervention for 8 weeks .Drug education and psychological support were provided to those patients .Evaluation of therapeutic effect was conducted before and after generic replacement .Results About 1/3 patients had high response and 2/3 patients had low or no response to the brand preference .Patients on brand drugs had slightly higher brand preference than patients with generic drugs . Overall , the patients′response to brand preference gradually decreased with the duration of treatment .In general ,the medication compli-ance was acceptable .The patients taking brand drugs displayed significantly higher medication compliance than the patients taking generics .Correlation analysis showed that in brand medicine group ,medication compliance was closely related to brand response ,but negatively correlated with the patient′s age and treatment duration .In generics group ,patient medication compli-ance was not related to brand response ,but closely related with the degree of education and negatively related with the patient′s age and treatment duration .The anti-depression medication maintained same effectiveness in the generic group before and after the replacement ,and no severe adverse reactions occurred .Conclusion Medication compliance for patients taking branded drugs was associated with brand response .With medication education and psychological support ,alternative generic medicine treatment can give good efficacy with very minor side effects .The medical staff should provide medication education including pharmacoeconomics and the biological equivalence to guide the patients with rational use of the limited medical resources .

Clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin A injections in treatment of bromhidrosis / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To investigate therapeutic effect of bromhidrosis by botulinum toxin A injections and situation of bromhidrosis recurrence.Methods Clinical data of bromhidrosis patients were analyzed in our hospital from January 2013 to June 2014.A total of 89 cases were involved in this study and randomized into two groups:observation group (42 cases) were treated by botulinum toxin A,and patients with the control group (47 cases) were treated by small skin excision.The total effective rate,incidence of complications and recurrence rate in both groups were compared.Results After treatment for 3 months,the total effective rate of both group had no statistical difference (P＞ 0.05).After different treatment,the incidence of complications in observation group of patients was 2.38％ (1/42),and that in the control group was 14.89％ (7/47);complication rates of control group patients was significantly higher than that of the observation group,with statistical significance (x2 =4.245,P＜0.05).After 9 months follow-up,31 cases in the observation group of patients showed bromidrosis recurrence,with recurrence rate of 73.81％;2 patients in the control group showed bromidrosis recurrence,with recurrence rate of 4.26％.Log-Rank test showed that recurrence rate in observation group was significantly higher than that of control group (x2 =43.21,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Botulinum toxin A injection is an uninvasive method for the treatment of bromhidrosis with fewer complications and good effect,but the postoperative recurrence rate is higher and it needs injections for many times.

Correlation analysis of the exercise test and hypokalemic periodic paralysis / 中国医师杂志

Objectve To explore the application of exercise test use in diagnosis of periodic paraly sis.Methods Forty five cases of hypokalemic periodic paralysis were collected,and 40 health persons as control group.Both groups were measured serum potassium,serum creatase and thyroid function tests.All of them were taken exercise test (ET) and observe 50 minutes,measured before and after the test to seek the changes of compound muscle action potentials (CMAP),and its decreased more than 33％ were considered abnormal.The application of exercise test use was analyzed in diagnosis of periodic paralysis.Results In patients with periodic paralysis,the incidence of ET positive was higher than the control subjects (80％ vs 3.3％,P ＜ 0.001).This trend was significant after 20 minutes,such as 30 min[(37.8 ± 13.2)％ vs (6.2±3.2)％,P＜0.01],40min [(40.3 ±17.6)％ vs (3.2±1.9)％,P＜0.01],50min [(45.26 ± 19.9) ％ vs (-5.1 ± 2.6) ％,P ＜ 0.01].Moreover,linear correlation analysis showed that the serum potassium had negative correlation with serum creatase (r =-0.483,P =0.024).ALL of symptoms improved after a week treatment,the ET positive rate was still higher in patients with periodic paralysis than the control subjects (80.0％ vs 71.1％,P =0.824).Conclusions Exercise test was one of the important objective basis in the diagnosis of low potassium type periodic paralysis,and was not affected by treatment and testing time.

Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on cerebral ischemia injury and expression of p-CREB in rat MCAO/reperfusion models / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of vagus nerve electrostimulation (VNS) on the brain damage of rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion model and its mechanism. Methods Twenty four adult male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups (12 each): MCAO/reperfusion group (MCAO group) and MCAO/reperfusion+VNS group (MCAO+VNS group). Subsequently, the neurological function deficit was determined by neurological scoring according to Zea Long scoring method 24h after MCAO/reperfusion. The cerebral infarction volume was determined by TTC assay. The cell apoptosis in brain damage zone was determined by TUNEL assay. Then, the effect of VNS on cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and p-CREB protein expression was determined by Western blotting. The effect of VNS on Bcl-2 and Bax expression was determined by immunohistochemistry assay. Results Compared with MCAO group, VNS significantly inhibited MCAO-induced neurological deficit (P0.05). Conclusion VNS may ameliorate MCAO-induced neurological deficit and decrease brain infarct volume, which may be related to the promotion of p-CREB protein expression level.

Establishment and Application of Electronic Data Capture System in Drug Clinical Trials of Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To ensure the stability of electronic data capture(EDC)system in drug clinical trials and to improve the quality of drug clinical trials. METHODS:The quality control system for EDC system was established and introduced from the formulation of quality control process,establishment of data standard,trial project management,daily management,trial project design,system operation,system function,etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Data standard have been achieved through estab-lishing EDC quality control system by our hospital based on attributable,legible,contemporaneous,original and accurate principle. The management of trial project and daily management are conducted through data registration,staff training,the formulation of da-ta management plan,fault emergency treatment,database backup;multiple verification of support data,data lock and export,trial report autogeneration and other functions have been realized by formulating related standard operation instruction,program file,op-eration manual and quality record. Those aspects improve facticity,accuracy and integrality of data in clinical trials,and lay a foun-dation for further data mining.

Structure,Function and Operation Practice of Clinical Trial Management System in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To promote the supervision and management of clinical trial by institution. METHODS:The structure and function of clinical trial management system(CTMS)developed by our hospital and other enterprise together were analyzed to evaluate the application and operation result of CTMS. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:CTMS of our hospital is made up of foun-dation,efficiency and strategy. It is equipped with role allocation,information exchange and report,information warning,drug tracking,clinical trial process control,quality control of electronic record,electronic signature and integration and connection with other system,etc. Relevant operation procedure is established to promote standardization and institutionalization of CTMS. Due to the application of CTMS,the cooperation among departments become smoother,and management level have been enhanced in dai-ly management,pharmacy management,subjects and document administration. It also simplifies the work of researcher and reduc-es the human error by the autogeneration of trial records and tables with the system. Consequently,the monitor coveraged through-out all the trial process.

Evaluation of the Effect of Targeted Monitoring of TypeⅠand TypeⅡIncision Oporation in a Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:to provide reference for the continuous improvement of surgical site infection (SSI). METHODS:There were totally 7 472 patients with typeⅠand typeⅡincision surgeries in a hospital after the targeted monitoring and special recti-fication(Jul. 2012 to Jun. 2013,monitoring group)and 5 958 patients with surgeries during the same period before special rectifi-cation(Jul. 2010 to Jun. 2011,control group). The clinic data of typeⅠand typeⅡincision surgical was compared,including infec-tion,the perioperative antibiotics use and hospitalization time after surgery,etc. RESULTS:The infection rate of typeⅠand typeⅡstandardized incision in monitoring group was respectively 0.35% and 0.43% and control group was respectively 0.60% and 1.36%(P<0.05). The rate of typeⅠincision perioperative antibiotics use in monitoring group was 10.72% and control group was 86.88%(P<0.05). The post-operative non-medication rate of patients was increased from the 6.98%(control group)to 49.20%(monitor-ing group)(P<0.05),the discontinuance rate within 48 h was increased from the 32.09%(control group)to 44.11%(monitoring group),and the ratio of patients who took antibiotics after the surgery for more than 3 d was decreased from the 42.82%(control group)to 3.05%(monitoring group)(P<0.05). The inguinal hernia repair time in monitoring group was 3.90 d,shorter than con-trol group(4.22 d)(P=0.018). The patient with gallbladder surgery in monitoring group was 6.47 d,compared with control group (6.38 d),there was no significant difference (P=0.619). CONCLUSIONS:The special rectification can obviously promote the standardized of perioperative antibiotics use,reduce the incidence of SSI and shorten the hospitalization time after operation.

Effect of resolvin D1 on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of resolvin D1 on focal cerebral ischemia?reperfusion ( I∕R) injury in rats. Methods One hundred and twenty adult male Sprague?Dawley rats, aged 7 weeks, weighing 260-280 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n=24 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S), group I∕R, low?dose resolvin D1 group (group LRD), medium?dose resolvin D1 group ( group MRD) , and high?dose resolvin D1 group ( group HRD) . Focal cerebral I∕R was induced by right middle cerebral artery occlusion using a nylon thread inserted into internal carotid artery and advanced cranially until resistance was met. The occlusion was maintained for 2 h followed by 24 h reperfusion. In LRD, MRD and HRD groups, 0.03, 0.10, 0.30 nmol resolvin D1 5 μl was injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle at the beginning of reperfusion, respectively. Neurological deficits were evaluated at 24 h of reperfusion and scored. The rats were then sacrificed, and their brains were removed for determination of infarct volume (by TTC staining), cerebral water content, Evans blue content and expression of matrix metalloproteinase?9 ( MMP?9) in the ischemic cortex. Results Compared with group S, the neurological deficit scores, cerebral infarct volume, and cerebral water and Evans blue content were significantly increased, and the expression of MMP?9 was up?regulated in the other 4 groups. Compared with group I∕R, the neurological deficit scores, cerebral infarct volume, and cerebral water and Evans blue content were significantly decreased, and the expression of MMP?9 was down?regulated in group MRD and group HRD, and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group LRD. Conclusion Resolvin D1 can attenuate focal cerebral I∕R injury in rats, and down?regulation of MMP?9 expression and decrease in permeability of blood?brain barrier may be involved in the mechanism.

Galloyl glucosidic constituents of Choerospondias axillaries and their in vitro anti-tumor, anti-hypoxia and anti-bacteria activities / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To investigate gallic acid-derived chemical constituents of Choerospondias axillaries (Roxb.) Burtt. et Hill., and evaluate their in vitro anti-tumor, anti-hypoxia and anti-bacteria activities. Methods The aimed chemical constituents were isolated by various chromatographic means, and their structures were identified by physicochemical and spectroscopic data. MTT method was employed to evaluate anti-tumor and anti-hypoxia activities. Antibacterial activities were tested by paper disc method. Results Seven compounds 1-7 were isolated from the stem barks of Choerospondias axillaries (Roxb.) Burtt. et Hill. and identified as gallic acid(1), gallic acid ethyl ether(2), 1-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(3), 1,6-di-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(4), 1,4-di-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(5), 1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(6), and 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(7). Compounds 1, 2 and 4-6 significantly inhibited K562 cells with the IC50 values of 2.9, 14.6, 39.1, 40.2, 41.2 μg/ml, respectively, and 3 and 7 also showed a slight inhibition of the K562 cells with the inhibition rate of 20.8% and 30.1% at 100 μg/ml respectively. Compounds 1-7 showed protective effects on anoxia-induced injury in cultured ECV304 and PC12 cells at the concentrations showing no significant cytotoxicity, and 5-7 also showed an antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 to a certain extent. Conclusion Compounds 2-7 were isolated from the genus Choerospondias for the first time. It was the first time to report 1-7 as anti-tumor and anti-hypoxia constituents of Choerospondias axillaries, and the anti-hypoxia activity for 1-7 was also recorded for the first time in the present study.

Rational design and construction of an overproducing shikimic acid Escherichia coli by metabolic engineering / 生物工程学报

Shikimic acid (SA), as a hydroaromatic intermediate in the common pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, is the starting material for the synthesis of neuraminidase inhibitors and other useful compounds. The fermentative production of SA by metabolically engineered microorganisms is an excellent alternative to the extraction from fruits of the Illicium plant. In this study, Escherichia coli was metabolically engineered by rational design and genetic manipulation for fermentative production of SA. Firstly, blocking the aromatic amino acid pathway after the production of SA was carried out by deletion of aroL and aroK genes encoding SA kinase. Secondly, the ptsG gene encoding protein EIICBglc were removed in the aroL/aroK mutant strain to make the phosphotransferase system (PTS) system default. In the resulting strain, the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent PTS pathway, a main pathway for glucose transport, were replaced by ATP-dependent GalP (galactose permease). Thus, more PEP flux was used to produce SA as a critical precursor of SA. Furthermore, ydiB gene (encoding quinic acid/SA dehydrogenase) was deleted to prevent SA precursors of 3-dehyroquinic acid into the byproduct of quinic acid. Thus, the engineered strain with four genes deletion was constructed and 576 mg/L SA was produced in the shake flask fermentation. Results show that SA produciton was increased 90 times compared to the parent strain E. coli CICIM B0013.

Observation about compatible stability of cefoselis sulfate mixed injection with different kinds of transfusions / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the compatible stability of cefoselis sulfate mixed with different kinds of transfusions(5％ fructose injection + cefoselis sulfate,fructose sodium chloride injection + cefoselis sufate and invert sugar injection + cefoselis sulfate).Methods At 30℃,the above different mixed solutions' appearance and pH changes within six hours were observed,and determine the concentration of cefoselis sulfate by HPLC.Results There were noobvious changes concern to the concentration,pH and appearance in the mixed solutions.Conclusion At 30℃,different cefoselis sulfate mixed injection all have good compatible stability within 6 hours.

Balloon-assisted catheter directed thrombolysis for acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of balloon-assisted catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT) for acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Methods From September 2008 to February 2011,94 patients with acute lower extremity DVT were admitted.The cases in early stage were treated by CDT (Group A,n =50),and the cases in late stage were treated by balloon-assisted CDT ( Group B,n =44).The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.The circumference difference between normal and affected limbs,scores of venous patency,and rates of venous patency were recorded for judging the efficacy.The total dose of urokinase and retention time of infusion catheter was compared between the two groups.The incidence of pulmonary embolism and bleeding were used to judge the safety of treatment.The venous patency was followed up by ultrasound or/and venography.Measurement data with normal distribution was described by mean + standard,and was analyzed using T test.Measurement data with non-normal distribution was described by M ( QL,QU ),QL =P25,QU =P75,and was analyzed using Wilcoxon' s test.Categorical variable data was analyzed using Chi-Square test Results The prior treatment circunfference difference between normal and affectéd limbs were (5.37 ±1.97) cm (thigh) & (4.14 ± 1.57) cm (calf) in Group A and (5.41±2.22) cm (thigh) & (4.05 ±1.61) cm (calf) in Group B ; and the difference between the groups was insignificant ( thigh:t =- 0.113,P=0.910; calf:t =0.288,P =0.774).The post treatment correspondences were:(2.96 ± 1.10) cm (thigh) & ( 1.93 ± 0.84 ) cm (calf) in Group A and ( 1.78 ± 1.40) cm ( thigh ) & ( 1.41± 1.17 ) cm (calf) in Group B; the difference between the groups was significant (thigh:t =4.66,P ＜0.0001; calf:t =2.548,P =0.012 ).The prior treatment score of venous patency was 9 (8,10) in Group A and 8.3(7,10) in Group B without significant difference (Z =- 1.5172,P =0.1292).The post treatment score of venous patency was 3.5 ( 2,5 ) in Group A and 0 ( 0,1) in Group B with significant difference ( Z =-5.7702,P ＜0.01).The rate of venous patency after the treatment was 55.0％ (42.3％,72.4％ ) in Group A and 100％ (88.5％,100％ ) in Group B,with significant difference ( Z =4.9148,P ＜ 0.01).The total dose of urokinase used in the treatment was 5.950 ( 5.525,7.225 ) × 106U in Group A and 4.100 (3.600,5.050) × 106U in Group B with significant difference (Z =-6.0133,P ＜ 0.01).The retention time of perfusion catheter was 10 (9,12) d in Group A and 6 (5,7) d in Group B with significant difference ( Z =- 8.0358,P ＜ 0.01).No symptomatic pulmonary embolism occurred in both groups during the treatment and follow-up period.The rate of bleeding complication was 38.0％ (19/50) in Group A and 22.3％ (10/44) in Group B,without significant difference (x2 =2.5590,P =0.1097 ).The removal rate of optional filter was 88.37％ (38/43) in Group A and 100％ (39/39) in Group B,with significant difference ( x2 =4.829,P =0.028 ).The rate of venous patency at the last follow-up point was 50.0％ (44.4％,59.2％ ) in Group A,and 95.4％ (83.6％,100％ ) in Group B,with significant difference (Z =- 3.2721,P =0.0011).Conclusions Balloon-assisted CDT was a promising treatment for acute lower-extremity DVT.It improved the effect of thrombolysis and reduced the dosage of urokinase,and did not increase the risk of pulmonary embolism.

Analysis of the progress of the nursing master's degree theses in recent 5 years in China / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To reveal the status of development and limitations of the nursing master's degree theses in recent 5 years in China. Methods 827 pieces of nursing master's degree theses were selected as research objects collected by CNKI from 2006 to 2010.The information from the theses was collected, i.e. the reason of the research, signature of informed consent form, fund subsidization, quality control,the themes, objects and locations of the research, the type of study designed, method of data collection,statistics methodology etc, and it was described and analyzed by the method of content analysis according to the statistical results. Results The theses developed rapidly in recent 5 years, the scope of the nursing research was expanding, the content of the research was richer, the type of study designed and method of data collection were increasingly complex and diverse, while there were still some shortcomings existing in the reason of the research, ethics issues, quality control and the establishment of sample size. Conclusions The scientific research of the nursing postgraduates develops steadily and rapidly, but their research consciousness needs to be strengthened.