Evaluation of people's acceptable range for posed smile characteristic index / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To obtain the acceptable range for posed smile characteristic index,in order to supply diagnostic and therapeutic basis for orthodontic treatment.Methods The 200 subjects included in the study consisted of 100 experienced orthodontists and 100 laypersons.Both two frontal posed smile photographs of man and woman were changed by several smile characteristic indexes,including the amount of incisor exposure,amount of gingival display,smile arc,buccal corridor fill,horizontal inclination of maxillary occlusal plate and distance from lower lip to maxillary incisor.All the subjects were desired to evaluate each images according to their own aesthetic standard.Results Each acceptable range for the amount of incisor exposure,amount of gingival display,smile arc,buccal corridor fill,horizontal inclination of maxillary occlusal plate and distance from lower lip to maxillary incisor,was 75 ％-100 ％ (male and female),0-2 mm (male) and 0-3 mm (female) ; 50 ％-100 ％(male and female) ; 0 ％-15 ％ (male) and 0 ％-20 ％ (female) ; 0-6° (male and female) ; 0 mm (male and female)(P＜0.05),respectively.And there was perception difference between the orthodontists and the laypersons on smile evaluation (P＜0.05).Conclusions Posed smile analysis should be an im portant aspect of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.Orthodontists should not disturb con sonant smiles but create them with proper bracket positioning.

Histology of canine pulmonary veins and expression of HCN channel / 重庆医学

Objective To observe the anisotropy of myocardial fiber orientation and conduction cells in canine pulmonary vein , and to investigate the expression of funny current (If ) channel subunit HCN1 ,HCN2 ,HCN4 mRNA in cadiocytes of pulmonary veins and left atrial in acute atrial fibrillation (AF) modle of caine .Methods Fourteen adult mongrel canines were randomly divided into atrial fibrillation group(n=7) and control group(n=7) .A model of acute AF has been developed in rapid atrial pacing (RAP) . The cardiocytes in control group were detect using hematoxylin hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Periodic acid-Schiff(PAS) stain in the pulmonary vein .The mRNA expressions of HCN1 ,HCN2 ,HCN4 in two group were quantified by semiquantitative reverse transcription transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) .Results There were complex myocardial fiber orientation in pul-monary veins especially in PV-LA junction .PAS-positive cells could be seen in the endomembrane of pulmonary veins muscle sleeve .There were mRNA expression of HCN2 and HCN4 in pulmonary veins and left arial in two group ,but there was no mRNA expression of HCN1 .The mRNA levels of HCN4 from high to low were:pulmonary veins of atrial fibrillation group ,left atrial of atrial fibrillation group ,pulmonary veins of control group ,left atrial of control group(P0 .05) .Conclusion There are anisotro-py ,conduction cells in pulmonary veins .Up-regulation of pulmonary veins and left atrial HCN 2 ,HCN4 mRNA in atrial fibrillation caine ,may be correlated with the atrial fibrillation and maintenance .

Construction and application of heart-kidney centric theory / 中华中医药杂志

This article put forward the ‘heart-kidney centric theory’ on basis of analyzing the physiologic function, pathomechanism, onset rules and measures of prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular disease and degenerative disease induced by kidney deficiency. According the new theory, a new TCM drug, the Tongmai Qiangshen Wine, was developed.In human body, kidney produces essential qi and produces energy source for human body; heart transports the essential qi and is the physiologic mechanism of transport of energy source. Deficiency of essential qi will result in stasis of blood vessel, on the other hand, stasis of blood vessel can cause defi ciency of essential qi. The opposition, mutual rooting, waxing and waning, mutual convertibility of them reflect the development rules of cardio-cerebrovascular disease and degenerative disease induced by kidney deficiency, and determin the vital process of birth, growth, adult, aging and death. The construction of heart-kidney centric theory and the development and application of Tongmai Qiangshen Wine not only provide new theory and model for prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular disease and degenerative disease induced by kidney deficiency, but also provide new thoughts for preparation of new TCM drugs from aspects of how to maintain the feature of TCM, how to inherit and create on basis of combing holism with disease, principle, method, medicines.

Exploration and primary suture of common bile duct in laparoscopic procedure (a report of 35 cases) / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To determine the methods and effects of common bile duct(CBD) exploration and primary suture by laparoscopic procedure after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) . Methods After LC, 35 patients' CBD were explored.After hte CBD stone was removed by choledochofiberscopy completely and CBD stenosis was excluded, the CBD was sutured primarily. Results 32 cases of CBD gallstone were removed ,and 3 exploration were negative.All the 35 CBD were sutured primarily . Two patients occurred bile leakage 1～3 day after the operation ,which were cured by conservative therapy.29 patients were followed-up for 3～24 months,no residual stone or bile duct stricture was found. Conclusions Primary suture CBD is safe and effective in laparoscopic CBD exploration,if the patient selected correctly.