Drug resistance surveillance of Acinetobacter baumannii in Pinggu area from 2011 to 2015 / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To Investigate of drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in Pinggu district from 2011 to 2015 ,and to guide clinical rational use of antibacterial drugs .Methods Retrospective analysis of drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in clinical isolates were performed from 2011 - 2015 .Results From 2011 to 2015 1 744 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were isola‐ted ,including respiratory specimens (96 .1% ) ,urine (1 .1% ) ,blood (0 .9% ) ,wound (0 .5% ) ,pus (0 .3% ) ,bile (0 .2% ) ,duct (0 .1% ) ,ortherl kinds of secretions (0 .7% ) .The rate of drug resistance to gentamicin ,tobramycin and Amikacin was under 45 .7% .Piperacillin /Tazobactam < 49 .0% ,ampicillin / Sulbactam < 52 .0% ,Imipenem < 50 .0% ,ceftazidime ,cefepime were clos‐en to 50 .0% .To Cefoperazone/Sulbactam ,it increased from 6 .1% to 57 .1% .While ,to Meropenem it increased from 34 .3% to 85 .7% .Conclusion From 2011 to 2015 ,Acinetobacter baumannii infection reduces year by year in our hospital .Pathogenic bacteria mainly comes from the respiratory tract ,urinary tract ,blood ,bile ,and other body fluids .The resistant rate is rising year by year ,to gentamicin ,tobramycin ,amikacin ,Piperacillin/Tazobactam ,Ampicillin/Sulbactam ,Ceftazidime and cefepime ,ciprofloxacin and Imi‐penem .The resistant rate marked increase ,to Cefoperazone/Sulbactam ,Meropenem ,Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole .While ,it de‐creases year by year to minocycline ,tigecycline .

Bacterial drug resistance trend observation of Pinggu area from 2011 to 2013 / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the drug resistance of clinical isolates in Pinggu area from 2011 to 2013,and guide clinical rational use of antibiotics.Methods Isolates from 2011 to 2013 in the hospital were collected and identified to species.Antibiotic susceptibility test were performed.For the infection with the same position and the same patient,only the first isolate was included. WHONET5.6 data analysis software was used for data auditing and inputing,the USA CLSI M100-S22 standard were refered to. Results Total of 5 794 strains of clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria were collected from 2011 to 2013,1 600 strains in 2011, 2 234 strains in 2012,1 960 strains In 2013.The detection rate of MRSA in each year from 2011 to 2013 were 63.50%,65.00%, 65.30% respectively.No vancomycin and linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was found.The resistance rate of Enterococcus to teicoplanin was <5%,to Linezolid <2.4% and to vancomycin <21.1%.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem and meropenem were both < 1.3%.The annual resistance rates of Acinetobacter bauman to imipenem were 34.6%,26.9%,29.3% respectively.Resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone/shu-batan,piperacillin/tazobactam were lower than the national average.No polymyxin B resistance isolate was found.Stenotroph-omonas maltophilia were sensitive to ceftazidime and minocycline.Conclusion The antibiotic resistance rate data in Pinggu exhibits area specificity,which was different from the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring data in 2011.Detection rate of MRSA,re-sistance rate of enterococci to linezolid and vancomycin,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterobacter cloacae to imipenem, meropenem are increasing year by year.The resistance rates of Acinetobacter bauman and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are lower than the national average rate.

Epidemiological investigation of community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection from 4 hospitals in Beijing / 中华检验医学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence,antibiotic characteristics as well as molecular background of community-associated methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) from patients with skin and sofi tissue infections from 4 different hospitals in Beijing.MethodsFive hundred and one patients were enrolled from 4 hospitals prospectively.Patients with skin and soft tissue infections and no risk factors for healthcare-associated acquisition were included.Sample from the infection sites were collected for culture.Case report form was filled out for each patient.Antibiotic susceptibility test and molecular analysis was performed for each Staphylococcus aureus isolate.ResultsTotally 164 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were cultured from the patients with skin and soft tissue infections.Of them 5 isolates were CA-MRSA.These 5 CA-MRSA isolates harbored SCCmec Ⅰ, SCCmec Ⅲ, SCCmec Ⅳ,SCCmec Ⅴ and untypable,respectively.CA-MRSA was highly resistant to β-lactamase,levofloxacin,erythromycin and clindamycin,but susceptible to vancomycin,teicoplanin,linezolid,daptomycin,and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.Prevalence of PVL in community-associated methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(CA-MSSA) and CA-MRSA were 41.9％ and 2/5.Other toxins expressed similarly between them.Combined with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing,the major clones of CA-MSSA were ST398-t034,ST7-t796,ST398-t571,ST1t127,and ST188-t189,while in CA-MRSA were ST239-t037-SCCmec Ⅰ,ST239-t632-SCCmecⅢ,ST59-t437-SCCmecV,ST8-t008-SCCmecⅣ,and ST6-t701-NT.ConclusionsThe low prevalence of CA-MRSA in Beijing and complexity of the genetic background in CA-MRSA were observed.Clone spread is not found among CA-MRSAisolates.CA-MRSAexhibithigher resistancecomparedwithmethicillinsensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA).Rational drug use scheme is called in the clinical practice to prevent development of high level resistance.