Avaliação da densidade mineral óssea por meio da radiografia panorâmica: modificadores e determinantes no resultado / Evaluation of bone mineral density by means of panoramic radiography: modifiers and determining the result

A osteoporose tem sido apontada como grave problema de saúde pública, que compromete a qualidade de vida dos seus portadores. Um dos principais fatores que influencia na prevenção à fraturas provenientes dessa enfermidade é o diagnóstico precoce. O diagnóstico das alterações morfológicas da mandíbula por meio de radiografias panorâmicas (RP) é um método barato, simples e indicado para o rastreamento da desmineralização óssea que mostrou estar associado às alterações sistêmicas. O presente estudo descritivo-analítico objetivou avaliar se existem e quais são as variáveis que podem interferir na determinação do diagnóstico por meio das RPs. Foram analisados dados sócio-biológicos, radiografias panorâmicas e densitometrias ósseas (DO) de um total de 435 pacientes. A análise das RPs foi realizada por meio do Índice Panorâmico Quantitativo e Qualitativo (IPQQ), estabelecido em outra parte desta pesquisa. Essas observações foram então relacionadas aos resultados da DO e às variáveis coletadas no questionário de dados sócio-biológicos. A análise das RPs mostrou estar correlacionada com a DO (kappa = 0,7) e mostrou ainda que pode ser influenciada pelo uso de bisfosfonatos ( p = 0,0137), renda ( p = 0,0264), e perda dentária representada pelas variáveis uso de prótese parcial removível ( p = 0,0249) e prótese parcial fixa ( p = 0,0320). O presente estudo propõe ainda outras investigações conduzidas com desenhos mais rigorosos, para compreensão do problema que ainda guarda muitas lacunas...

Osteoporosis has been identified as a serious public health problem affecting patients' life quality. One of the major factors that influences fractures prevention from this disease is early diagnosis. The diagnosis of mandible morphological changes using panoramic radiographs (PR) is an inexpensive, simple method suitable for screening bone demineralization associated with systemic changes. This descriptive- analytical study aimed to evaluate whether there are and what are the variables that can interfere in the determination of PRs' diagnosis. Socio-biological data, PR and bone densitometry (BO) of 435 patients were analyzed. The analysis was performed by RPs' Quantitative and Qualitative Panoramic Index (QQPI) previously established in another part of this research. These observations were then related to BO results and variables collected from socio-biological data questionnaire. The PR analysis were correlated with BO (kappa = 0.7) and could be influenced by the use of bisphosphonates (p = 0.0137), income (p = 0.0264), and tooth loss, represented by the variables: use of removable partial dentures (p = 0.0249) and use of fixed partial denture (p = 0.0320). This study also suggests the conduction of more rigorous designs researches to understand this problem that still has many gaps...

Influence of periodontal therapy on C-reactive protein level: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The influence of oral infections, especially periodontal disease, on systemic diseases has been extensively discussed in the literature. Because periodontal disease is a persistent infection, it promotes an inflammatory response. C-reactive protein is a marker for inflammatory reactions that is frequently studied, since elevated levels of this protein are related to coronary events. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of periodontal therapy on reducing the serum levels of C-reactive protein, by means of a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review of the English-language literature was conducted in the PUBMED-MEDLINE database, using the key words "periodontal disease", "C-reactive protein", "periodontal therapy" and "periodontal treatment", in accordance with the terms for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on C-reactive protein levels. A qualitative analysis of studies of randomized clinical trial design was performed using CONSORT, with subsequent meta-analysis. RESULTS: The literature search initially retrieved 46 potentially relevant studies available in the databases. From these, in accordance with the inclusion criteria, only 11 were selected, of which only 4 fulfilled the criteria of randomized clinical trial design. According to CONSORT, the studies evaluated generally presented good quality with regard to the criteria analyzed. Through meta-analysis, the reduction in mean levels of C-reactive protein (-0.231; p=0.000) after introducing periodontal treatment was estimated. The result was statistically significant, without evidence of heterogeneity between the studies (p=0.311). CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicated that non-surgical periodontal treatment had a positive effect with regard to reduction of the serum levels of C-reactive protein.